anexo__1

Vista previa del material en texto

1
ANEXO 1 
TABLAS, DIAGRAMAS, ECUACIONES 
 
 
Conversión de Unidades. 
 
Unidad actual kPa atm bar kg/cm2 mbar mm H2O mm Hg (torr) Mpa Pa PSI (lb/pulg2)
kPa 1 0.01 0.01 0.01 10 101.97 7.5 0.001 1000 0.145
atm 101.3 1 1.013 1.033 1013.3 1.033E+04 760 0.101 1.013E+05 14.69
bar 100 0.987 1 1.02 1000 1.020E+04 750 0.1 1.00E+05 14.5
kg/cm2 98.07 0.968 0.981 1 980.7 1.00E+04 735.56 0.098 9.807E+05 14.22
mbar 0.1 0.001 0.001 0.001 1 10.19 0.75 1.00E-04 100 0.015
mm H2O 0.01 9.68E-05 9.81E-05 1.00E-04 0.098 1 0.74 9.80E-06 9.8 1.42E-03
mm Hg (torr) 0.133 1.32E-03 1.33E-03 1.36E-03 1.333 13.6 1 1.33E-04 133.3 1.93E-02
Mpa 1000 9.87 10 10.2 1.00E+04 1.020E+05 7500.64 1 1.00E+06 145.04
Pa 0.001 9.87E-06 1.00E-05 1.02E-05 0.01 0.102 7.50E-03 1.00E-06 1 1.45E-04
PSI (lb/pulg2) 6.89 0.068 0.069 0.07 68.95 703.07 51.72 6.89E-03 6894.76 1
Para convertir unidades de presión debe : multiplicar el valor con la unidad actual por el factor con la unidad deseada
Unidad deseada
Tabla conversión de unidades de presión
 
 
Unidad actual kJ BTU cal J kcal kgm kW h N m
kJ 1 0.948 238.4 1000 0.239 102 2.78E-04 1
BTU 1.055 1 252 1055 0.252 107.6 2.93E-04 1055.0
cal 4.19E-03 3.97E-03 1 4.187 1.0E-03 0.427 1.16E-06 4.187
J 1.0E-03 9.48E-04 0.239 1 2.39E-04 0.102 2.78E-07 1
kcal 4.187 3.97 1000 4187 1 427 1.16E-03 4187
kgm 9.80E-03 9.30E-03 2.34 9.8 2.34E-03 1 2.72E-06 9.81
kW h 3600 3412 8.60E+05 3.60E+06 859.8 3.67E+05 1 3.60E+06
N m 1.00E-03 9.48E-04 2.39E-01 1 2.39E-04 0.102 2.78E-07 1
Unidad deseada
Para convertir unidades de presión debe : multiplicar el valor con la unidad actual por el factor con la unidad deseada
Tabla conversión de unidades de energía
 
 
Unidad actual kW BTU/h HP kcal/h kgm/s MW
kW 1 3412 1.36 860 102.000 0.001
BTU/h 2.93E-04 1 3.98E-04 0.252 0.030 2.93E-07
HP 0.074 2510 1 632.5 75.00 7.35E-04
kcal/h 1.2E-03 3.97 0.002 1 0.12 1.16E-03
kgm/s 9.87E-03 33.46 0.01 8.43 1 9.80E-06
MW 1000 3.41E-06 1360 8.60E+05 1.02E+05 1
multiplicar el valor con la unidad actual por el factor con la unidad deseada
Tabla conversión de unidades de potencia
Unidad deseada
Para convertir unidades de potencia debe : 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 2
Gases ideales 
 
Gas cp cv g Rp M Pcritica
[kJ/kg-K] [kJ/kg-K] [kJ/kg K] [kg/kmol] [kPa]
Aire 1.006 0.718 1.4 0.287 28.96 3,786
Amoniaco 2.165 1.642 1.32 0.488 17.03 11,333
Argón 0.522 0.312 1.67 0.208 39.95 4,863
Dióxido carbono 0.846 0.652 1.3 0.189 44.01 7,377
Monóxido carbono 1.04 0.742 1.4 0.297 28 3,494
Etano 1.734 1.448 1.2 0.277 30.07 4,872
Etanol 2.411 2.067 1.17 0.18 46.07 6,148
Etileno 1.521 1.216 1.25 0.296 28.05 5,040
Helio 5.193 3.116 1.67 2.077 4.003 228
Higrógeno 14.237 10.16 1.4 4.124 2.016 1,315
Isobutano 1.673 1.51 1.11 0.143 58.12 3,640
Isonpentano 2.236 2.047 1.09 0.115 72.15 3,370
Isopropano 2.722 2.722 1 0.138 60.1 4,762
Metano 2.221 1.697 1.31 0.518 16.04 4,599
Metanol 2.44 2.078 1.17 0.259 32.04 8,104
Neon 1.03 0.618 1.67 0.412 20.18 2,680
n-Butano 1.717 1.549 1.11 0.143 58.12 3,796
n-heptano 2.222 1.758 1.26 0.083 100.2 2,727
n-hexano 2.368 1.421 1.67 0.096 86.17 3,058
Nitrógeno 1.042 0.744 1.4 0.297 28.01 3,398
n-octano 2.209 1.787 1.24 0.073 114.2 2,497
n-pentano 2.293 1.954 1.17 0.115 72.15 3,364
Oxigeno 0.918 0.657 1.4 0.26 32 5,043
Propano 1.67 1.467 1.14 0.189 44.1 4,247
Propileno 1.533 1.321 1.16 0.198 42.08 4,665
Agua 4.183 4.155 1.01 0.462 18.02 22,064
Vapor agua* 1.875 1.411 1.33 0.462 18.02 22,064
* Vapor de agua a baja presión
Propiedades de sustancias a presión atmosférica y temperatura 20°C
 
 
Ecuaciones válidas 
a) Ecuaciones de Estado Térmicas 
 
8.3145 
 
p
p
u
u
u
u
u
p v R T
p R T
Rp v T
M
RVp T
m M
mp V R T
M
p V n R T
kJR
kmol K
ρ
⋅ = ⋅
= ⋅ ⋅
⋅ = ⋅
⋅ = ⋅
⋅ = ⋅ ⋅
⋅ = ⋅ ⋅
⎛ ⎞= ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
 
( )
( )
3
3
3
presión en 
Volumen específico 
Temperatura en 
Cte. particular del gas ó 
 
Cte. universal de los gases ó 
 
p
u
p kPa
mv
kg
T K
kPa m kJR
kg K kg K
kPa m kJR
kmol K kmol K
=
⎛ ⎞
= ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
=
⎛ ⎞ ⎛ ⎞⋅
= ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠⎝ ⎠
⎛ ⎞⋅ ⎛ ⎞= ⎜ ⎟ ⎜
⎝⎝ ⎠
( ) ( )Número de moles ó 
masa del gas ( )
Peso molecular ó 
mn kmol
M
m kg
kg grM
kmol mol
mol
⎟
⎠
=
=
⎛ ⎞ ⎛ ⎞= ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 3
b) Ecuaciones Energéticas. Gases ideales 
 
 ó y ó 
 
 ó y 
 
p v
p v
dh kJ kJ du kJ kJc c
dT kg K kmol K dT kg K kmol K
kJ kJ kJh c dT u c dT
kg kmol kg
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤= =⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤Δ = Δ =⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
2 2
1 1
 ó kJ
kmol
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥⎣ ⎦∫ ∫
 
 
 
 por unidad de masa ( )
 molar
 
 
p v p
p v u
p
v
c c R f gas
c c R
c
c
γ
− =
− =
=
 
 
 Gases perfectos. c c te=
( ) ( )
2 2
2 1 2 11 1
 v pv pu c dT c T T h c dT c T TΔ = = ⋅ − Δ = = ⋅ −∫ ∫ 
 
 y 
 y 
v p
v p
U m c T H m c T
u c T h c T
Δ = ⋅ ⋅Δ Δ = ⋅ ⋅Δ
Δ = ⋅Δ Δ = ⋅Δ
 
 
Sistemas cerrados : dQ dW dU− =
 
 vdQ m c dT dW p dV dU m c dT= ⋅ ⋅ = ⋅ = ⋅ ⋅
 
Proceso Isométrico. , 0 y 0V cte dV dW= = =
( ) [ ]
2
1
2 1
 y como gas perfecto
 
v v
v
Q U m c dT c cte
Q U m c T T Joule
= Δ = ⋅ ⋅ =
= Δ = ⋅ ⋅ −
∫ 
 
Proceso Isobárico. Para un proceso a presión constante se cumple que: 
( )
2
2 1 2 11
( ) pW p dV p V V m R T T= ⋅ = ⋅ − = ⋅ ⋅ −∫ 
( ) [ ]2 1
 y 
 p
Q W U Q p V U
Q U p V H m c T T Joule
− = Δ − ⋅Δ = Δ
= Δ + ⋅Δ = Δ = ⋅ ⋅ −
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 4
Proceso Isotérmico. Es un proceso de temperatura constante luego: 
0 y dU dQ dW= = 
 
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
2 2
1 1
1 1
2 2
1 1
1 1 1 1
2 2
ln ó ln 
ln ó ln 
ln ó ln 
p p
p p
v VJoulew R T W m R T Joule
v kg V
p pJoulew R T W m R T Joule
p kg p
p pJoulew p v W p V Joule
p kg p
⎡ ⎤
= ⋅ ⋅ = ⋅ ⋅ ⋅⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤
= ⋅ ⋅ = ⋅ ⋅ ⋅⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤
= ⋅ ⋅ = ⋅ ⋅⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
 
 
Proceso Adiabático. En un proceso adiabático, 0dQ = 
( )
( )
1
1 1 2
2 2 1 1
1
1
1 1 2
2 2 1 1
1
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
p v pw p v p v
p
p V pW p V p V
p
γ
γ
γ
γ
γ γ
γ γ
−
−
⎡ ⎤
⎛ ⎞⋅ ⎢ ⎥= ⋅ ⋅ − ⋅ = ⋅ −⎜ ⎟⎢ ⎥− − ⎝ ⎠⎢ ⎥⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤
⎛ ⎞⋅ ⎢ ⎥= ⋅ ⋅ − ⋅ = ⋅ −⎜ ⎟⎢ ⎥− − ⎝ ⎠⎢ ⎥⎣ ⎦
 
Expresiones para proceso adiabático reversible en un gas ideal. 
Variables Forma Diferencial Forma Integral para cteγ = 
,T v ( )1 0dT dv
T v
γ+ − ⋅ = 
1
1 2 1
1 2
 T vT v cte
T v
γ
γ
−
− ⎛ ⎞⋅ = = ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
 
,p v 0dp dv
p v
γ+ ⋅ = 2 1
1 2
 p vp v cte
p v
γ
γ ⎛ ⎞⋅ = = ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
 
,T p 1 0dT dp
T p
γ
γ
⎛ ⎞−
+ ⋅⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
= 
1
1
2 1
1 2
 T pT p cte
T p
γ
γ γ
γ
−
− ⎛ ⎞
⋅ = = ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
 
Proceso Politrópico. 
 , y vc cte dQ m c dT dW p dV dU m c dT= = ⋅ ⋅ = ⋅ = ⋅ ⋅
 : exponente politrópico
 luego, 
1
además y 
entonces, 
1
p p
v
p
p v p
v
v
n
c c c n c
n c
c c n
c
c c R
c
nc c
n
γ
γ
− −
= =
− −
− = =
−
=
v⋅
−
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 5
( )
( ) [ ]
( )
1
1 1 2
2 2 1 1
1
1
1 1 2
2 2 1 1
1
2 1
1 1 
1 1
1 1 
1 1
 
1
n
n
n
n
v
p v p Joulew p v p v
n n p
p V pW p V p V Joule
n n p
nq c T T
n
γ
−
−
⎡ ⎤
⎛ ⎞
kg
⎡ ⎤⋅ ⎢ ⎥= ⋅ ⋅ − ⋅ = ⋅ −⎜ ⎟ ⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥− − ⎣ ⎦⎝ ⎠⎢ ⎥⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤
⎛ ⎞⋅ ⎢ ⎥= ⋅ ⋅ − ⋅ = ⋅ −⎜ ⎟⎢ ⎥− − ⎝ ⎠⎢ ⎥⎣ ⎦
−
= ⋅ −
−
( ) [ ]2 1
 
 
1v
Joule
kg
nQ m c T T Joule
n
γ
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
−
= ⋅ ⋅ −
−
 
 
Expresiones para procesos politrópicos en un gas ideal. 
Variables Forma Diferencial Forma Integral para n c te=
,T v ( )1 0dT dvn
T v
+ − ⋅ = 
1
1 2 1
1 2
 
n
n T vT v cte
T v
−
− ⎛ ⎞⋅ = = ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
 
,p v 0dp dvn
p v
+ ⋅ = 21
1 2
 
n
n p vp v cte
p v
⎛ ⎞
⋅ = = ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
 
,T p 1 0dT n dp
T n p
−⎛ ⎞+ ⋅⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
= 
1
1
2 1
1 2
 
n
n n
n T pT p cte
T p
−
− ⎛ ⎞
⋅ = = ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
 
 
Casos particulares de procesos politrópicos 
 
Proceso isométrico . v cte p v cte n∞= ⋅ = = ∞ 
Proceso isobárico 0. 0p cte p v cte n= ⋅ = = 
Proceso isotérmico 1. 1T cte p v cte n= ⋅ = = 
Proceso adiabático 0 q p v cte nγ γ= ⋅ = = 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 6
 
Sistemas Abiertos: 
 
 
 si 0 y 0
 con , y 
c p c p
p
dQ dW dH dE dE dE dE
dQ dW dH dQ m c dT dW VdP dH m c dT
− = + + = =
− = = ⋅ ⋅ = − = ⋅ ⋅
 
Proceso Isométrico. , 0 fluido incompresiblev cte dv= =
[ ]
2 1
2 1
( ) 
( ) ó 
Joulew v p p
kg
JouleN m v p p kW
s
⎡ ⎤
= − ⋅ − ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤= − ⋅ ⋅ − ⎢ ⎥⎣ ⎦
 
Proceso Isobárico. 0 0p cte dp dw vdp= = = − =
( )
( ) [ ]
2 1
2 1
 
 ó 
p
p
Jouleq h c T T
kg
JouleQ H m c T T kW
s
⎡ ⎤
= Δ = ⋅ − ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤= Δ = ⋅ ⋅ − ⎢ ⎥⎣ ⎦
 
Proceso Isotérmico. Es un proceso de temperatura constante luego: 
0 y dh dq dw= = 
 
[ ]
[ ]
1 1
1 1 1 1
2 2
2 2
1 1
1
2
ln ó ln ó 
ln ó ln ó 
ln 
p p
p
p pJoule Joulew p v N p V kW
p kg p s
v VJoule Joulew R T N m R T kW
v kg V s
p Joulew R T
p kg
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤= ⋅ ⋅ = ⋅ ⋅⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤= ⋅ ⋅ = ⋅ ⋅ ⋅⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤
= ⋅ ⋅ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
[ ]1
2
ó ln ó p
p JouleN m R T kW
p s
⎡ ⎤= ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⎢ ⎥⎣ ⎦
 
 
Procesos Politrópicos. 
 , y pc cte dq c dT dw v dp dh c dT= = ⋅ = − ⋅ = ⋅ 
 
( )
( ) [ ]
2 1
2 1
 
1
 ó 
1
v
v
n Jouleq c T T
n kg
n JouleQ m c T T kW
n s
γ
γ
⎡ ⎤−⎛ ⎞= ⋅ ⋅ −⎜ ⎟ ⎢ ⎥−⎝ ⎠ ⎣ ⎦
−⎛ ⎞ ⎡ ⎤= ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ −⎜ ⎟ ⎢ ⎥−⎝ ⎠ ⎣ ⎦
 
( )
( ) [ ]
2 2 1 1
2 2 1 1
 
1
 ó 
1
n Joulew p v p v
n kg
n JouleN m p v p v kW
n s
⎡ ⎤
= ⋅ ⋅ − ⋅ ⎢ ⎥− ⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤= ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ − ⋅ ⎢ ⎥− ⎣ ⎦
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 7
Proceso Adiabático. n γ= 
0 , , y pdq dw dh dw v dp dh c dT= − = = − ⋅ = ⋅ 
 
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) [ ]
2 2 1 1 2 1
2 2 1 1 2 1
 
1
 ó 
1
p
p
Joulew p v p v c T T
kg
JouleN m p v p v m c T T kW
s
γ
γ
γ
γ
⎡ ⎤
= ⋅ ⋅ − ⋅ = − ⋅ − ⎢ ⎥− ⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤= ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ − ⋅ = − ⋅ ⋅ − ⎢ ⎥− ⎣ ⎦
 
 
Variación de entropía en gases ideales 
 
Proceso Expresión 
Isométrico 22 1
1
lnv
ps s c
p
− = ó 22 1
1
lnv
Ts s c
T
− = 
Isobárico 22 1
1
lnp
vs s c
v
− = ó 22 1
1
lnp
Ts s c
T
− = 
Isotérmico 
2 1
qs s
T
− = ó 
2
1 1
1
2 1
ln vp v
vs s
T
⋅ ⋅
− = 
Adiabático 2 1 0s s− = 
Politrópico 2 2 22 1 2 1
1 1 1
ln ln ó ln lnv p p p
T v Ts s c R s s c R
T v T
− = + − = − 2
1
p
p
 
Gases Reales. 
 
Ecuación de Van der Waals. 
 
( )2 p
ap v b R
v
⎛ ⎞+ ⋅ − = ⋅⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
T 
 
Coeficientes para Ecuación de Van der Waals. 
 
 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 8
Sustancias puras, 
 
Líquido subenfriado. spt t< p
f
 Se utilizan tablas de saturación de la respectiva 
sustancia. 
 
0
( , ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( , ) ( )
( , ) ( )
( , ) ( )
( , ) ( )
f s
f
f
f
f
h T p h T p p v T
h T p h T
v T p v T
u T p u T
s T p s T
≈
≅ + − ⋅
≅
≅
≅
≅
 
 
Estado de saturación. Como en esas zonas la presión es dependiente de la 
temperatura y viceversa, se requiere de otra propiedad para definir el estado del 
sistema, ejemplo el título y humedad del vapor. 
 
título, humedad
 vapor líquido
mezcla mezcla
x y
m m
x y
m m
= =
= =
 
 
 
- Líquido saturado. 0 e 1 ó 100%x y= =
 ó ó 
 ó ó 
 ó ó 
3
 ó ó 
 
 
 
 
ft p t p
ft p t p
ft p t p
ft p t p
Jh h
kg
Ju u
kg
Js s
kg K
mv v
kg
⎡ ⎤
= ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤
= ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
⎡ ⎤
= ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤
= ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
 
- vapor saturado. 1 ó 100% e 0x y= =
 ó ó 
 ó ó 
 ó ó 
3
 ó ó 
 
 
 
 
gt p t p
gt p t p
gt p t p
gt p t p
Jh h
kg
Ju u
kg
Js s
kg K
mv v
kg
⎡ ⎤
= ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤
= ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤
= ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤
= ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 9
- vapor húmedo. 1 ó 100% e 0 ó 100%x y< >
 ó ó ó ó ó ó 
 ó ó ó ó ó ó 
 ó ó ó 
 ó 
 ó 
 ó 
f fg g fgt p t pt p t p t p t p
f fg g fgt p t pt p t p t p t p
f fgt p t p t p
Jh h x h h h y h
kg
Ju u x u u u y u
kg
s s x h
⎡ ⎤
= + ⋅ = − ⋅ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤
= + ⋅ = − ⋅ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
= + ⋅
 
 ó ó ó 
3
 ó ó ó ó ó ó 
 
 
 ó 
g fgt p t p t p
f fg g fgt p t pt p t p t p t p
Js s x s
kg K
mv v x v v v y v
kg
⎡ ⎤
= − ⋅ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤
= + ⋅ = − ⋅ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
 
 
- vapor sobrecalentado. spt t> p Se utilizan tablas o diagramas para evaluar sus 
propiedades térmicas y energéticas. 
 
( , ) se usan tablas o diagramas
( , ) se usan tablas o diagramas
( , ) se usan tablas o diagramas
( , ) se usan tablas
v f p T
h f p T
u f p T
s f p T
=
=
=
= o diagramas
 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
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Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
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Propiedades del vapor de agua (diagrama de Mollier y tablas de saturación) 
 
 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 15
0.0015 13.02 286.0 0.0010 87.9634 87.9644 54.7 2470 2525 0.1956 8.6314 8.8270
0.0025 21.08 294.1 0.0010 54.2408 54.2418 88.4 2451 2539 0.3118 8.3302 8.6421
0.0035 26.67 299.7 0.0010 39.4658 39.4668 111.8 2438 2550 0.3906 8.1306 8.5212
0.0045 31.01 304.0 0.0010 31.1299 31.1309 130.0 2427 2557 0.4507 7.9807 8.4314
0.0055 34.58 307.6 0.0010 25.7612 25.7622 144.9 2419 2564 0.4995 7.8605 8.3599
0.0065 37.63 310.6 0.0010 22.0077 22.0087 157.6 2412 2569 0.5406 7.7601 8.3007
0.0075 40.29 313.3 0.0010 19.2318 19.2328 168.7 2405 2574 0.5763 7.6738 8.2501
0.0085 42.66 315.7 0.0010 17.0935 17.0945 178.7 2400 2578 0.6078 7.5982 8.2060
0.0095 44.81 317.8 0.0010 15.3944 15.3954 187.6 2394 2582 0.6361 7.5308 8.1669
0.0105 46.76 319.8 0.0010 14.0109 14.0119 195.8 2390 2586 0.6617 7.4700 8.1317
0.0115 48.57 321.6 0.0010 12.8618 12.8628 203.3 2385 2589 0.6852 7.4146 8.0999
0.0125 50.24 323.2 0.0010 11.8919 11.8929 210.3 2381 2592 0.7069 7.3638 8.0707
0.0135 51.8 324.8 0.0010 11.0619 11.0629 216.9 2378 2594 0.7271 7.3168 8.0438
0.0145 53.27 326.3 0.0010 10.3434 10.3444 223.0 2374 2597 0.7459 7.2730 8.0189
0.0155 54.65 327.7 0.0010 9.7152 9.7162 228.8 2371 2599 0.7636 7.2321 7.9957
0.0165 55.96 329.0 0.0010 9.1610 9.1620 234.3 2368 2602 0.7802 7.1937 7.9740
0.0175 57.2 330.2 0.0010 8.6685 8.6695 239.5 2364 2604 0.7960 7.1576 7.9535
0.0185 58.38 331.4 0.0010 8.2278 8.2288 244.4 2362 2606 0.8109 7.1233 7.9343
0.0195 59.51 332.5 0.0010 7.8310 7.8320 249.1 2359 2608 0.8252 7.0909 7.9160
0.0205 60.59 333.6 0.0010 7.4719 7.4729 253.7 2356 2610 0.8387 7.0600 7.8987
0.0215 61.63 334.6 0.0010 7.1452 7.1463 258.0 2354 2612 0.8517 7.0305 7.8822
0.0225 62.63 335.6 0.0010 6.8468 6.8478 262.2 2351 2613 0.8642 7.0024 7.8665
0.0235 63.59 336.6 0.0010 6.5731 6.5741 266.2 2349 2615 0.8761 6.9754 7.8515
0.0245 64.51 337.5 0.0010 6.3211 6.3221 270.1 2347 2617 0.8876 6.9496 7.8372
0.0255 65.41 338.4 0.0010 6.0883 6.0893 273.8 2344 2618 0.8987 6.9247 7.8234
0.0265 66.27 339.3 0.0010 5.8725 5.8735 277.4 2342 2620 0.9094 6.9008 7.8101
0.0275 67.11 340.1 0.0010 5.6720 5.6730 280.9 2340 2621 0.9197 6.8777 7.7974
0.0285 67.92 340.9 0.0010 5.4852 5.4862 284.4 2338 2623 0.9297 6.8555 7.7851
0.0295 68.71 341.7 0.0010 5.3107 5.3117 287.7 2336 2624 0.9393 6.8339 7.7733
0.0305 69.47 342.5 0.0010 5.1473 5.1483 290.9 2334 2625 0.9487 6.8131 7.76180.0315 70.22 343.2 0.0010 4.9939 4.9949 294.0 2332 2626 0.9578 6.7929 7.7508
0.0325 70.95 344.0 0.0010 4.8497 4.8508 297.0 2331 2628 0.9667 6.7734 7.7401
0.0335 71.65 344.7 0.0010 4.7139 4.7149 300.0 2329 2629 0.9753 6.7544 7.7297
0.0345 72.34 345.3 0.0010 4.5857 4.5868 302.9 2327 2630 0.9836 6.7360 7.7196
0.0355 73.01 346.0 0.0010 4.4646 4.4656 305.7 2326 2631 0.9918 6.7180 7.7098
0.0365 73.67 346.7 0.0010 4.3499 4.3509 308.5 2324 2632 0.9997 6.7006 7.7003
0.0375 74.31 347.3 0.0010 4.2411 4.2421 311.2 2322 2633 1.0075 6.6836 7.6911
0.0385 74.94 347.9 0.0010 4.1378 4.1388 313.8 2321 2635 1.0151 6.6670 7.6821
0.0395 75.55 348.6 0.0010 4.0396 4.0406 316.4 2319 2636 1.0224 6.6509 7.6733
0.0405 76.15 349.2 0.0010 3.9460 3.9471 318.9 2318 2637 1.0297 6.6352 7.6648
0.0415 76.74 349.7 0.0010 3.8569 3.8579 321.3 2316 2638 1.0367 6.6198 7.6565
0.0425 77.32 350.3 0.0010 3.7718 3.7728 323.8 2315 2639 1.0436 6.6047 7.6484
0.0435 77.89 350.9 0.0010 3.6905 3.6916 326.1 2313 2639 1.0504 6.5901 7.6405
0.0445 78.44 351.4 0.0010 3.6128 3.6138 328.5 2312 2640 1.0570 6.5757 7.6327
0.0455 78.98 352.0 0.0010 3.5384 3.5394 330.8 2311 2641 1.0635 6.5616 7.6251
0.0465 79.52 352.5 0.0010 3.4671 3.4681 333.0 2309 2642 1.0699 6.5479 7.6177
0.0475 80.04 353.0 0.0010 3.3987 3.3997 335.2 2308 2643 1.0761 6.5344 7.6105
0.0485 80.56 353.6 0.0010 3.3330 3.3340 337.4 2307 2644 1.0822 6.5212 7.6034
0.0495 81.07 354.1 0.0010 3.2699 3.2709 339.5 2305 2645 1.0882 6.5082 7.5965
0.0505 81.56 354.6 0.0010 3.2092 3.2103 341.6 2304 2646 1.0941 6.4955 7.5897
0.0515 82.05 355.1 0.0010 3.1508 3.1519 343.6 2303 2646 1.0999 6.4831 7.5830
0.0525 82.54 355.5 0.0010 3.0946 3.0956 345.7 2302 2647 1.1056 6.4709 7.5765
0.0535 83.01 356.0 0.0010 3.0404 3.0415 347.7 2300 2648 1.1112 6.4589 7.5701
0.0545 83.48 356.5 0.0010 2.9882 2.9892 349.6 2299 2649 1.1167 6.4471 7.5638
0.0555 83.94 356.9 0.0010 2.9377 2.9388 351.6 2298 2650 1.1221 6.4355 7.5576
0.0565 84.39 357.4 0.0010 2.8890 2.8900 353.5 2297 2650 1.1275 6.4241 7.5516
0.0575 84.84 357.8 0.0010 2.8420 2.8430 355.3 2296 2651 1.1327 6.4129 7.5456
0.0585 85.28 358.3 0.0010 2.7964 2.7975 357.2 2295 2652 1.1379 6.4019 7.5398
0.0595 85.71 358.7 0.0010 2.7524 2.7535 359.0 2294 2653 1.1429 6.3911 7.5340
0.0605 86.14 359.1 0.0010 2.7098 2.7108 360.8 2292 2653 1.1479 6.3805 7.5284
0.0615 86.56 359.6 0.0010 2.6685 2.6696 362.6 2291 2654 1.1529 6.3700 7.5228
0.0625 86.98 360.0 0.0010 2.6286 2.6296 364.3 2290 2655 1.1577 6.3597 7.5174
0.0635 87.39 360.4 0.0010 2.5898 2.5908 366.1 2289 2655 1.1625 6.3495 7.5120
0.0645 87.79 360.8 0.0010 2.5522 2.5532 367.8 2288 2656 1.1672 6.3395 7.5067
0.0655 88.19 361.2 0.0010 2.5157 2.5167 369.4 2287 2657 1.1719 6.3296 7.5015
0.0665 88.59 361.6 0.0010 2.4803 2.4813 371.1 2286 2657 1.1765 6.3199 7.4964
0.0675 88.98 362.0 0.0010 2.4459 2.4469 372.7 2285 2658 1.1810 6.3103 7.4914
PROPIEDADES DEL VAPOR DE AGUA SATURADO
Presiones
fvsp fgv gv fh fgh ghsTsT fs fgs gs
[ ]MPa [ ]K[ ]C°
3m
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
3m
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
3m
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
k J
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
k J
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
k J
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 16
0.0735 91.22 364.2 0.0010 2.2585 2.2595 382.2 2279 2662 1.2070 6.2556 7.4626
0.0745 91.58 364.6 0.0010 2.2301 2.2311 383.7 2278 2662 1.2111 6.2469 7.4580
0.0755 91.93 364.9 0.0010 2.2024 2.2035 385.2 2278 2663 1.2152 6.2383 7.4535
0.0765 92.29 365.3 0.0010 2.1755 2.1765 386.7 2277 2663 1.2193 6.2298 7.4491
0.0775 92.63 365.6 0.0010 2.1492 2.1502 388.1 2276 2664 1.2233 6.2215 7.4447
0.0785 92.98 366.0 0.0010 2.1236 2.1246 389.6 2275 2664 1.2272 6.2132 7.4404
0.0795 93.32 366.3 0.0010 2.0986 2.0996 391.0 2274 2665 1.2311 6.2050 7.4361
0.0805 93.65 366.7 0.0010 2.0742 2.0752 392.4 2273 2665 1.2350 6.1969 7.4319
0.0815 93.99 367.0 0.0010 2.0503 2.0514 393.8 2272 2666 1.2388 6.1890 7.4278
0.0825 94.32 367.3 0.0010 2.0271 2.0281 395.2 2271 2667 1.2426 6.1811 7.4236
0.0835 94.64 367.6 0.0010 2.0043 2.0054 396.6 2270 2667 1.2463 6.1733 7.4196
0.0845 94.96 368.0 0.0010 1.9821 1.9832 397.9 2270 2668 1.2500 6.1656 7.4156
0.0855 95.28 368.3 0.0010 1.9604 1.9615 399.3 2269 2668 1.2537 6.1580 7.4116
0.0865 95.6 368.6 0.0010 1.9392 1.9402 400.6 2268 2669 1.2573 6.1504 7.4077
0.0875 95.92 368.9 0.0010 1.9185 1.9195 401.9 2267 2669 1.2609 6.1430 7.4038
0.0885 96.23 369.2 0.0010 1.8982 1.8992 403.3 2266 2670 1.2644 6.1356 7.4000
0.0895 96.53 369.5 0.0010 1.8783 1.8793 404.6 2266 2670 1.2679 6.1283 7.3962
0.0905 96.84 369.8 0.0010 1.8589 1.8599 405.8 2265 2671 1.2714 6.1211 7.3925
0.0915 97.14 370.1 0.0010 1.8399 1.8409 407.1 2264 2671 1.2748 6.1140 7.3888
0.0925 97.44 370.4 0.0010 1.8212 1.8223 408.4 2263 2672 1.2782 6.1069 7.3851
0.0935 97.74 370.7 0.0010 1.8030 1.8040 409.6 2262 2672 1.2816 6.0999 7.3815
0.0945 98.03 371.0 0.0010 1.7851 1.7862 410.9 2262 2672 1.2849 6.0930 7.3779
0.0955 98.32 371.3 0.0010 1.7676 1.7687 412.1 2261 2673 1.2882 6.0862 7.3744
0.0965 98.61 371.6 0.0010 1.7505 1.7515 413.3 2260 2673 1.2915 6.0794 7.3709
0.0975 98.9 371.9 0.0010 1.7337 1.7347 414.5 2259 2674 1.2948 6.0727 7.3674
0.0985 99.18 372.2 0.0010 1.7172 1.7182 415.7 2259 2674 1.2980 6.0660 7.3640
0.0995 99.47 372.5 0.0010 1.7010 1.7021 416.9 2258 2675 1.3012 6.0594 7.3606
0.1005 99.75 372.8 0.0010 1.6852 1.6862 418.1 2257 2675 1.3043 6.0529 7.3573
0.1015 100 373.0 0.0010 1.6697 1.6707 419.3 2256 2676 1.3075 6.0465 7.3539
0.200 120.2 393.2 0.0011 0.8847 0.8858 504.7 2202 2706 1.5302 5.5968 7.1270
0.300 133.5 406.5 0.0011 0.6047 0.6058 561.4 2163 2725 1.6717 5.3200 6.9917
0.400 143.6 416.6 0.0011 0.4613 0.4624 604.7 2133 2738 1.7765 5.1191 6.8955
0.500 151.8 424.8 0.0011 0.3737 0.3748 640.1 2108 2748 1.8604 4.9603 6.8207
0.600 158.8 431.8 0.0011 0.3145 0.3156 670.4 2086 2756 1.9308 4.8285 6.7593
0.700 164.9 437.9 0.0011 0.2717 0.2728 697.0 2066 2763 1.9918 4.7153 6.7071
0.800 170.4 443.4 0.0011 0.2392 0.2403 720.9 2047 2768 2.0457 4.6160 6.6616
0.900 175.4 448.4 0.0011 0.2138 0.2149 742.6 2030 2773 2.0941 4.5273 6.6213
1.000 179.9 452.9 0.0011 0.1932 0.1944 762.5 2015 2777 2.1381 4.4470 6.5850
1.100 184.1 457.1 0.0011 0.1763 0.1775 781.0 2000 2781 2.1785 4.3735 6.5520
1.200 188.0 461.0 0.0011 0.1621 0.1633 798.3 1985 2784 2.2159 4.3058 6.5217
1.300 191.6 464.6 0.0011 0.1500 0.1512 814.6 1972 2786 2.2508 4.2428 6.4936
1.400 195.0 468.0 0.0012 0.1396 0.1408 830.0 1959 2789 2.2835 4.1840 6.4675
1.500 198.3 471.3 0.0012 0.1306 0.1317 844.5 1946 2791 2.3143 4.1287 6.4430
1.600 201.4 474.4 0.0012 0.1226 0.1237 858.4 1934 2793 2.3435 4.0765 6.4200
1.700 204.3 477.3 0.0012 0.1155 0.1167 871.7 1923 2794 2.3711 4.0271 6.3982
1.800 207.1 480.1 0.0012 0.1092 0.1104 884.5 1911 2796 2.3975 3.9800 6.3775
1.900 209.8 482.8 0.0012 0.1035 0.1047 896.7 1901 2797 2.4226 3.9352 6.3578
2.000 212.4 485.4 0.0012 0.0984 0.0996 908.5 1890 2798 2.4467 3.8923 6.3390
2.100 214.9 487.9 0.0012 0.0938 0.0949 919.8 1879 2799 2.4698 3.8512 6.3211
2.200 217.2 490.2 0.0012 0.0895 0.0907 930.8 1869 2800 2.4921 3.8117 6.3038
2.300 219.6 492.6 0.0012 0.0856 0.0868 941.5 1859 2801 2.5135 3.7737 6.2872
2.400 221.8 494.8 0.0012 0.0821 0.0832 951.8 1850 2801 2.5342 3.7371 6.2712
2.500 223.9 496.9 0.0012 0.0788 0.0800 961.9 1840 2802 2.5542 3.7016 6.2558
2.600 226.0 499.0 0.0012 0.0757 0.0769 971.6 1831 2802 2.5735 3.6674 6.2409
2.700 228.1 501.1 0.0012 0.0729 0.0741 981.1 1822 2803 2.5923 3.6342 6.2265
2.800 230.1 503.1 0.0012 0.0702 0.0714 990.4 1813 2803 2.6105 3.6019 6.2124
2.900 232.0 505.0 0.0012 0.0678 0.0690 999.5 1804 2803 2.6282 3.5706 6.1988
3.000 233.9 506.9 0.0012 0.0655 0.0667 1008.3 1795 2803 2.6454 3.5402 6.1856
3.100 235.7 508.7 0.0012 0.0633 0.0645 1016.9 1786 2803 2.6622 3.5106 6.1728
3.200 237.5 510.5 0.0012 0.0613 0.0625 1025.4 1778 2803 2.6785 3.4817 6.1602
3.300 239.2 512.2 0.0012 0.0593 0.0606 1033.7 1769 2803 2.6945 3.4535 6.1480
3.400 240.9 513.9 0.0012 0.0575 0.0588 1041.8 1761 2803 2.7101 3.4260 6.1361
3.500 242.6 515.6 0.0012 0.0558 0.0571 1049.7 1753 2803 2.7253 3.3991 6.1244
3.600 244.2 517.2 0.00120.0542 0.0554 1057.5 1745 2802 2.7401 3.3728 6.1130
3.700 245.8 518.8 0.0012 0.0527 0.0539 1065.2 1737 2802 2.7547 3.3471 6.1018
3.800 247.3 520.3 0.0013 0.0512 0.0525 1072.7 1729 2802 2.7689 3.3219 6.0909
3.900 248.9 521.9 0.0013 0.0498 0.0511 1080.1 1721 2801 2.7829 3.2973 6.0801
4.000 250.4 523.4 0.0013 0.0485 0.0498 1087.4 1713 2801 2.7966 3.2731 6.0696
4.100 251.8 524.8 0.0013 0.0473 0.0485 1094.6 1706 2800 2.8100 3.2493 6.0593
4.200 253.3 526.3 0.0013 0.0461 0.0473 1101.6 1698 2800 2.8232 3.2260 6.0492
4.300 254.7 527.7 0.0013 0.0449 0.0462 1108.5 1691 2799 2.8361 3.2031 6.0392
fvsp fgv gv fh fgh ghsTsT fs fgs gs
[ ]MPa [ ]K[ ]C°
3m
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
3m
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
3m
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
k J
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
k J
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
k J
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 17
 
4.900 262.7 535.7 0.0013 0.0390 0.0403 1148.2 1647 2795 2.9092 3.0734 5.9827
5.000 263.9 536.9 0.0013 0.0382 0.0394 1154.5 1640 2794 2.9207 3.0530 5.9737
5.100 265.2 538.2 0.0013 0.0373 0.0386 1160.7 1633 2793 2.9321 3.0328 5.9649
5.200 266.4 539.4 0.0013 0.0366 0.0378 1166.9 1626 2793 2.9433 3.0129 5.9562
5.300 267.6 540.6 0.0013 0.0358 0.0371 1173.0 1619 2792 2.9543 2.9933 5.9476
5.400 268.8 541.8 0.0013 0.0351 0.0363 1179.0 1612 2791 2.9652 2.9739 5.9391
5.500 270.0 543.0 0.0013 0.0343 0.0356 1184.9 1605 2790 2.9759 2.9548 5.9307
5.600 271.1 544.1 0.0013 0.0337 0.0350 1190.8 1598 2789 2.9865 2.9359 5.9224
5.700 272.3 545.3 0.0013 0.0330 0.0343 1196.6 1591 2788 2.9969 2.9173 5.9142
5.800 273.4 546.4 0.0013 0.0324 0.0337 1202.4 1584 2787 3.0072 2.8989 5.9061
5.900 274.5 547.5 0.0013 0.0317 0.0330 1208.1 1578 2786 3.0174 2.8807 5.8981
6.000 275.6 548.6 0.0013 0.0311 0.0324 1213.8 1571 2785 3.0275 2.8627 5.8902
6.100 276.7 549.7 0.0013 0.0306 0.0319 1219.3 1564 2784 3.0374 2.8449 5.8823
6.200 277.7 550.7 0.0013 0.0300 0.0313 1224.9 1558 2782 3.0472 2.8273 5.8745
6.300 278.8 551.8 0.0013 0.0294 0.0308 1230.4 1551 2781 3.0570 2.8099 5.8668
6.400 279.8 552.8 0.0013 0.0289 0.0302 1235.8 1544 2780 3.0666 2.7926 5.8592
6.500 280.9 553.9 0.0013 0.0284 0.0297 1241.2 1538 2779 3.0761 2.7756 5.8516
6.600 281.9 554.9 0.0013 0.0279 0.0292 1246.5 1531 2778 3.0854 2.7587 5.8441
6.700 282.9 555.9 0.0013 0.0274 0.0287 1251.8 1525 2776 3.0947 2.7420 5.8367
6.800 283.9 556.9 0.0014 0.0269 0.0283 1257.1 1518 2775 3.1039 2.7254 5.8293
6.900 284.9 557.9 0.0014 0.0265 0.0278 1262.3 1512 2774 3.1130 2.7090 5.8220
7.000 285.8 558.8 0.0014 0.0260 0.0274 1267.5 1505 2773 3.1220 2.6927 5.8148
7.100 286.8 559.8 0.0014 0.0256 0.0269 1272.6 1499 2771 3.1310 2.6766 5.8076
7.200 287.7 560.7 0.0014 0.0252 0.0265 1277.7 1492 2770 3.1398 2.6606 5.8004
7.300 288.7 561.7 0.0014 0.0248 0.0261 1282.7 1486 2769 3.1486 2.6448 5.7933
7.400 289.6 562.6 0.0014 0.0244 0.0257 1287.7 1480 2767 3.1572 2.6290 5.7863
7.500 290.5 563.5 0.0014 0.0240 0.0253 1292.7 1473 2766 3.1658 2.6135 5.7793
7.600 291.4 564.4 0.0014 0.0236 0.0250 1297.7 1467 2764 3.1744 2.5980 5.7723
7.700 292.4 565.4 0.0014 0.0232 0.0246 1302.6 1460 2763 3.1828 2.5826 5.7654
7.800 293.2 566.2 0.0014 0.0228 0.0242 1307.4 1454 2762 3.1912 2.5674 5.7586
7.900 294.1 567.1 0.0014 0.0225 0.0239 1312.3 1448 2760 3.1995 2.5523 5.7518
8.000 295.0 568.0 0.0014 0.0221 0.0235 1317.1 1442 2759 3.2077 2.5373 5.7450
8.100 295.9 568.9 0.0014 0.0218 0.0232 1321.9 1435 2757 3.2159 2.5224 5.7382
8.200 296.7 569.7 0.0014 0.0215 0.0229 1326.6 1429 2756 3.2240 2.5076 5.7315
8.300 297.6 570.6 0.0014 0.0212 0.0225 1331.4 1423 2754 3.2320 2.4929 5.7249
8.400 298.4 571.4 0.0014 0.0208 0.0222 1336.0 1417 2753 3.2400 2.4783 5.7182
8.500 299.3 572.3 0.0014 0.0205 0.0219 1340.7 1410 2751 3.2479 2.4638 5.7116
8.600 300.1 573.1 0.0014 0.0202 0.0216 1345.3 1404 2749 3.2557 2.4493 5.7051
8.700 300.9 573.9 0.0014 0.0199 0.0213 1350.0 1398 2748 3.2635 2.4350 5.6985
8.800 301.7 574.7 0.0014 0.0196 0.0210 1354.6 1392 2746 3.2713 2.4207 5.6920
8.900 302.5 575.5 0.0014 0.0194 0.0208 1359.1 1385 2745 3.2790 2.4066 5.6855
9.000 303.3 576.3 0.0014 0.0191 0.0205 1363.7 1379 2743 3.2866 2.3925 5.6791
9.100 304.1 577.1 0.0014 0.0188 0.0202 1368.2 1373 2741 3.2942 2.3785 5.6727
9.200 304.9 577.9 0.0014 0.0185 0.0200 1372.7 1367 2740 3.3017 2.3646 5.6663
9.300 305.7 578.7 0.0014 0.0183 0.0197 1377.1 1361 2738 3.3092 2.3507 5.6599
9.400 306.5 579.5 0.0014 0.0180 0.0194 1381.6 1355 2736 3.3166 2.3369 5.6536
9.500 307.2 580.2 0.0014 0.0178 0.0192 1386.0 1348 2734 3.3240 2.3232 5.6472
9.600 308.0 581.0 0.0014 0.0175 0.0190 1390.4 1342 2733 3.3314 2.3096 5.6409
9.700 308.8 581.8 0.0014 0.0173 0.0187 1394.8 1336 2731 3.3386 2.2960 5.6346
9.800 309.5 582.5 0.0015 0.0170 0.0185 1399.2 1330 2729 3.3459 2.2825 5.6284
9.900 310.3 583.3 0.0015 0.0168 0.0183 1403.5 1324 2727 3.3531 2.2690 5.6221
10.000 311.0 584.0 0.0015 0.0166 0.0180 1407.8 1318 2725 3.3603 2.2556 5.6159
10.100 311.7 584.7 0.0015 0.0164 0.0178 1412.2 1311 2724 3.3674 2.2423 5.6097
10.200 312.5 585.5 0.0015 0.0161 0.0176 1416.5 1305 2722 3.3745 2.2290 5.6035
10.300 313.2 586.2 0.0015 0.0159 0.0174 1420.7 1299 2720 3.3815 2.2158 5.5973
10.400 313.9 586.9 0.0015 0.0157 0.0172 1425.0 1293 2718 3.3886 2.2026 5.5911
10.500 314.6 587.6 0.0015 0.0155 0.0170 1429.2 1287 2716 3.3955 2.1895 5.5850
10.600 315.3 588.3 0.0015 0.0153 0.0168 1433.5 1281 2714 3.4025 2.1764 5.5789
10.700 316.0 589.0 0.0015 0.0151 0.0166 1437.7 1275 2712 3.4094 2.1633 5.5727
10.800 316.7 589.7 0.0015 0.0149 0.0164 1441.9 1268 2710 3.4163 2.1504 5.5666
10.900 317.4 590.4 0.0015 0.0147 0.0162 1446.1 1262 2708 3.4231 2.1374 5.5605
11.000 318.1 591.1 0.0015 0.0145 0.0160 1450.2 1256 2706 3.4299 2.1245 5.5544
11.100 318.8 591.8 0.0015 0.0143 0.0158 1454.4 1250 2704 3.4367 2.1117 5.5483
11.200 319.4 592.4 0.0015 0.0141 0.0156 1458.5 1244 2702 3.4434 2.0988 5.5423
11.300 320.1 593.1 0.0015 0.0139 0.0154 1462.7 1238 2700 3.4502 2.0860 5.5362
11.400 320.8 593.8 0.0015 0.0138 0.0153 1466.8 1231 2698 3.4569 2.0733 5.5301
11.500 321.4 594.4 0.0015 0.0136 0.0151 1470.9 1225 2696 3.4635 2.0606 5.5241
11.600 322.1 595.1 0.0015 0.0134 0.0149 1475.0 1219 2694 3.4702 2.0479 5.5180
11.700 322.7 595.7 0.0015 0.0132 0.0148 1479.1 1213 2692 3.4768 2.0352 5.5120
11.800 323.4 596.4 0.0015 0.0131 0.0146 1483.2 1207 2690 3.4833 2.0226 5.5060
11.900 324.0 597.0 0.0015 0.0129 0.0144 1487.2 1200 2688 3.4899 2.0100 5.4999
fvsp fgv gv fh fgh ghsTsT fs fgs gs
[ ]MPa [ ]K[ ]C°
3m
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
3m
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
3m
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
k J
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
k J
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
k J
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 18
12.400 327.2 600.2 0.0015 0.0121 0.0136 1507.4 1169 2677 3.5223 1.9475 5.4698
12.500 327.8 600.8 0.0016 0.0120 0.0135 1511.4 1163 2674 3.5288 1.9350 5.4638
12.600 328.4 601.4 0.0016 0.0118 0.0133 1515.5 1157 2672 3.5352 1.9226 5.4577
12.700 329.0 602.0 0.0016 0.0117 0.0132 1519.4 1150 2670 3.5416 1.9102 5.4517
12.800 329.6 602.6 0.0016 0.0115 0.0131 1523.4 1144 2667 3.5479 1.8978 5.4457
12.900 330.3 603.3 0.0016 0.0114 0.0129 1527.4 1138 2665 3.5543 1.8854 5.4397
13.000 330.9 603.9 0.0016 0.0112 0.0128 1531.4 1131 2663 3.5606 1.8730 5.4336
13.100 331.5 604.5 0.0016 0.0111 0.0126 1535.4 1125 2660 3.5669 1.8606 5.4276
13.200 332.0 605.0 0.0016 0.0109 0.0125 1539.3 1119 2658 3.5732 1.8483 5.4215
13.300 332.6 605.6 0.0016 0.0108 0.0124 1543.3 1112 2655 3.5795 1.8359 5.4155
13.400 333.2 606.2 0.0016 0.0107 0.0122 1547.3 1106 2653 3.5858 1.8236 5.4094
13.500 333.8 606.8 0.0016 0.0105 0.0121 1551.2 1099 2651 3.5921 1.8113 5.4033
13.600 334.4 607.4 0.0016 0.0104 0.0120 1555.2 1093 2648 3.5983 1.7990 5.3972
13.700 335.0 608.0 0.0016 0.0103 0.0119 1559.1 1086 2646 3.6045 1.7866 5.3912
13.800 335.5 608.5 0.0016 0.0101 0.0117 1563.1 1080 2643 3.6107 1.7743 5.3851
13.900 336.1 609.1 0.0016 0.0100 0.0116 1567.0 1073 2641 3.6170 1.7620 5.3790
14.000 336.7 609.7 0.0016 0.0099 0.0115 1571.0 1067 2638 3.6232 1.7497 5.3728
14.100 337.2 610.2 0.0016 0.0098 0.0114 1574.91060 2635 3.6294 1.7374 5.3667
14.200 337.8 610.8 0.0016 0.0096 0.0112 1578.8 1054 2633 3.6355 1.7250 5.3606
14.300 338.3 611.3 0.0016 0.0095 0.0111 1582.8 1047 2630 3.6417 1.7127 5.3544
14.400 338.9 611.9 0.0016 0.0094 0.0110 1586.7 1041 2627 3.6479 1.7004 5.3482
14.500 339.4 612.4 0.0016 0.0093 0.0109 1590.6 1034 2625 3.6540 1.6880 5.3420
14.600 340.0 613.0 0.0016 0.0092 0.0108 1594.6 1027 2622 3.6602 1.6756 5.3358
14.700 340.5 613.5 0.0016 0.0090 0.0107 1598.5 1021 2619 3.6663 1.6633 5.3296
14.800 341.1 614.1 0.0017 0.0089 0.0106 1602.4 1014 2616 3.6725 1.6509 5.3234
14.900 341.6 614.6 0.0017 0.0088 0.0104 1606.4 1007 2614 3.6786 1.6385 5.3171
15.000 342.2 615.2 0.0017 0.0087 0.0103 1610.3 1001 2611 3.6848 1.6261 5.3108
15.100 342.7 615.7 0.0017 0.0086 0.0102 1614.3 993.7 2608 3.6909 1.6136 5.3045
15.200 343.2 616.2 0.0017 0.0085 0.0101 1618.2 986.9 2605 3.6970 1.6012 5.2982
15.300 343.7 616.7 0.0017 0.0084 0.0100 1622.2 980 2602 3.7032 1.5887 5.2918
15.400 344.3 617.3 0.0017 0.0082 0.0099 1626.1 973.2 2599 3.7093 1.5762 5.2855
15.500 344.8 617.8 0.0017 0.0081 0.0098 1630.1 966.2 2596 3.7154 1.5636 5.2791
15.600 345.3 618.3 0.0017 0.0080 0.0097 1634.0 959.3 2593 3.7216 1.5511 5.2726
15.700 345.8 618.8 0.0017 0.0079 0.0096 1638.0 952.3 2590 3.7277 1.5385 5.2662
15.800 346.3 619.3 0.0017 0.0078 0.0095 1642.0 945.2 2587 3.7338 1.5258 5.2597
15.900 346.8 619.8 0.0017 0.0077 0.0094 1645.9 938.2 2584 3.7400 1.5132 5.2532
16.000 347.4 620.4 0.0017 0.0076 0.0093 1649.9 931.1 2581 3.7461 1.5005 5.2466
16.100 347.9 620.9 0.0017 0.0075 0.0092 1653.9 923.9 2578 3.7523 1.4877 5.2400
16.200 348.4 621.4 0.0017 0.0074 0.0091 1657.9 916.7 2575 3.7585 1.4750 5.2334
16.300 348.9 621.9 0.0017 0.0073 0.0090 1661.9 909.5 2571 3.7646 1.4621 5.2268
16.400 349.4 622.4 0.0017 0.0072 0.0089 1666.0 902.2 2568 3.7708 1.4493 5.2201
16.500 349.9 622.9 0.0017 0.0071 0.0088 1670.0 894.9 2565 3.7770 1.4364 5.2134
16.600 350.3 623.3 0.0018 0.0070 0.0087 1674.0 887.5 2562 3.7832 1.4234 5.2066
16.700 350.8 623.8 0.0018 0.0069 0.0086 1678.1 880 2558 3.7894 1.4104 5.1998
16.800 351.3 624.3 0.0018 0.0068 0.0086 1682.1 872.6 2555 3.7957 1.3973 5.1929
16.900 351.8 624.8 0.0018 0.0067 0.0085 1686.2 865 2551 3.8019 1.3841 5.1860
17.000 352.3 625.3 0.0018 0.0066 0.0084 1690.3 857.4 2548 3.8082 1.3709 5.1791
17.100 352.8 625.8 0.0018 0.0065 0.0083 1694.4 849.8 2544 3.8144 1.3576 5.1721
17.200 353.3 626.3 0.0018 0.0064 0.0082 1698.5 842 2541 3.8207 1.3443 5.1650
17.300 353.7 626.7 0.0018 0.0063 0.0081 1702.7 834.3 2537 3.8271 1.3308 5.1579
17.400 354.2 627.2 0.0018 0.0062 0.0080 1706.8 826.4 2533 3.8334 1.3173 5.1507
17.500 354.7 627.7 0.0018 0.0061 0.0079 1711.0 818.5 2530 3.8398 1.3037 5.1435
17.600 355.1 628.1 0.0018 0.0060 0.0078 1715.2 810.5 2526 3.8462 1.2900 5.1362
17.700 355.6 628.6 0.0018 0.0059 0.0078 1719.4 802.5 2522 3.8526 1.2763 5.1289
17.800 356.1 629.1 0.0018 0.0059 0.0077 1723.7 794.3 2518 3.8590 1.2624 5.1214
17.900 356.5 629.5 0.0018 0.0058 0.0076 1727.9 786.1 2514 3.8655 1.2484 5.1139
18.000 357.0 630.0 0.0018 0.0057 0.0075 1732.2 777.8 2510 3.8720 1.2343 5.1064
18.100 357.5 630.5 0.0019 0.0056 0.0074 1736.5 769.4 2506 3.8786 1.2201 5.0987
18.200 357.9 630.9 0.0019 0.0055 0.0073 1740.9 760.9 2502 3.8852 1.2058 5.0910
18.300 358.4 631.4 0.0019 0.0054 0.0073 1745.2 752.4 2498 3.8918 1.1914 5.0832
18.400 358.8 631.8 0.0019 0.0053 0.0072 1749.7 743.7 2493 3.8985 1.1768 5.0753
18.500 359.3 632.3 0.0019 0.0052 0.0071 1754.1 734.9 2489 3.9052 1.1621 5.0673
18.600 359.7 632.7 0.0019 0.0051 0.0070 1758.6 726 2485 3.9120 1.1472 5.0591
18.700 360.2 633.2 0.0019 0.0050 0.0069 1763.1 717 2480 3.9188 1.1321 5.0509
18.800 360.6 633.6 0.0019 0.0049 0.0068 1767.6 707.9 2475 3.9257 1.1169 5.0426
18.900 361.0 634.0 0.0019 0.0048 0.0068 1772.2 698.6 2471 3.9326 1.1016 5.0342
19.000 361.5 634.5 0.0019 0.0048 0.0067 1776.8 689.2 2466 3.9396 1.0860 5.0256
19.100 361.9 634.9 0.0019 0.0047 0.0066 1781.5 679.6 2461 3.9467 1.0702 5.0169
19.200 362.3 635.3 0.0020 0.0046 0.0065 1786.3 669.9 2456 3.9539 1.0542 5.0081
19.300 362.8 635.8 0.0020 0.0045 0.0064 1791.1 660.1 2451 3.9611 1.0380 4.9991
19.400 363.2 636.2 0.0020 0.0044 0.0064 1795.9 650 2446 3.9684 1.0215 4.9899
fvsp fgv gv fh fgh ghsTsT fs fgs gs
[ ]MPa [ ]K[ ]C°
3m
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
3m
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
3m
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
k J
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
k J
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
k J
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 19
19.900 365.3 638.3 0.0020 0.0039 0.0059 1821.3 596.8 2418 4.0066 0.9348 4.9414
20.000 365.7 638.7 0.0020 0.0038 0.0059 1826.6 585.5 2412 4.0146 0.9164 4.9310
20.100 366.2 639.2 0.0021 0.0037 0.0058 1832.0 573.8 2406 4.0228 0.8976 4.9204
20.200 366.6 639.6 0.0021 0.0036 0.0057 1837.6 561.9 2399 4.0312 0.8783 4.9095
20.300 367.0 640.0 0.0021 0.0035 0.0056 1843.2 549.6 2393 4.0397 0.8585 4.8982
20.400 367.4 640.4 0.0021 0.0034 0.0055 1849.1 536.9 2386 4.0485 0.8382 4.8867
20.500 367.8 640.8 0.0021 0.0033 0.0054 1855.0 523.8 2379 4.0575 0.8173 4.8747
20.600 368.2 641.2 0.0021 0.0032 0.0054 1861.2 510.3 2371 4.0667 0.7956 4.8623
20.700 368.6 641.6 0.0022 0.0031 0.0053 1867.5 496.3 2364 4.0762 0.7733 4.8495
20.800 369.0 642.0 0.0022 0.0030 0.0052 1874.1 481.6 2356 4.0861 0.7500 4.8361
20.900 369.4 642.4 0.0022 0.0029 0.0051 1880.9 466.4 2347 4.0964 0.7258 4.8222
21.000 369.8 642.8 0.0022 0.0028 0.0050 1888.0 450.4 2338 4.1071 0.7005 4.8076
21.100 370.2 643.2 0.0022 0.0027 0.0049 1895.4 433.5 2329 4.1183 0.6738 4.7921
21.200 370.6 643.6 0.0023 0.0025 0.0048 1903.2 415.7 2319 4.1301 0.6457 4.7758
21.300 371.0 644.0 0.0023 0.0024 0.0047 1911.5 396.6 2308 4.1427 0.6157 4.7583
21.400 371.4 644.4 0.0023 0.0023 0.0046 1920.4 376 2296 4.1561 0.5834 4.7395
21.500 371.8 644.8 0.0024 0.0021 0.0045 1930.1 353.6 2284 4.1707 0.5483 4.7189
21.600 372.2 645.2 0.0024 0.0020 0.0044 1940.7 328.8 2269 4.1867 0.5094 4.6962
21.700 372.6 645.6 0.0024 0.0018 0.0042 1952.6 300.5 2253 4.2049 0.4654 4.6703
21.800 372.9 645.9 0.0025 0.0016 0.0041 1966.6 267.2 2234 4.2262 0.4136 4.6398
21.900 373.3 646.3 0.0026 0.0013 0.0039 1984.3 225.1 2209 4.2531 0.3482 4.6013
22.000 373.7 646.7 0.0027 0.0009 0.0036 2011.1 161.5 2173 4.2942 0.2496 4.5439
fvsp fgv gv fh fgh ghsTsT fs fgs gs
[ ]MPa [ ]K[ ]C°
3m
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
3m
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
3m
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
k J
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
k J
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
k J
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
 
 
 
 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 20
2 275 0.0007 0.0010 179.8000 179.8000 8.4 2496 2505 0.0306 9.0720 9.1030
4 277 0.0008 0.0010 157.1000 157.1000 16.8 2491 2508 0.0611 8.9900 9.0510
6 279 0.0009 0.0010 137.7000 137.7000 25.2 2487 2512 0.0913 8.9080 8.9990
8 281 0.0011 0.0010 120.8000 120.8000 33.6 2482 2516 0.1213 8.8280 8.9490
10 283 0.0012 0.0010 106.3000 106.3000 42.0 2477 2519 0.1511 8.7490 8.9000
12 285 0.0014 0.0010 93.7300 93.7300 50.4 2472 2523 0.1806 8.6710 8.8510
14 287 0.0016 0.0010 82.8000 82.8000 58.8 2468 2527 0.2099 8.5940 8.8040
16 289 0.0018 0.0010 73.2900 73.2900 67.2 2463 2530 0.2390 8.5180 8.7570
18 291 0.0021 0.0010 65.0000 65.0000 75.5 2458 2534 0.2678 8.4430 8.7110
20 293 0.0023 0.0010 57.7600 57.7600 83.9 2454 2537 0.2965 8.3700 8.6660
22 295 0.0026 0.0010 51.4200 51.4200 92.3 2449 2541 0.3249 8.2970 8.6220
24 297 0.0030 0.0010 45.8600 45.8600 100.6 2444 2545 0.3532 8.2250 8.5780
26 299 0.0034 0.0010 40.9700 40.9700 109.0 2439 2548 0.3812 8.1540 8.5350
28 301 0.0038 0.0010 36.6700 36.6700 117.4 2435 2552 0.4091 8.0840 8.4930
30 303 0.0042 0.0010 32.8800 32.8800 125.7 2430 2556 0.4368 8.0150 8.4520
32 305 0.0048 0.0010 29.5300 29.5300 134.1 2425 2559 0.4642 7.9470 8.4110
34 307 0.0053 0.0010 26.5600 26.5600 142.5 2420 2563 0.4916 7.8800 8.3710
36 309 0.0059 0.0010 23.9300 23.9300 150.8 2416 2566 0.5187 7.8130 8.3320
38 311 0.0066 0.0010 21.5900 21.5900 159.2 2411 2570 0.5456 7.7480 8.2940
40 313 0.0074 0.0010 19.5100 19.5100 167.5 2406 2574 0.5724 7.6830 8.2560
42 315 0.0082 0.0010 17.6600 17.6600 175.92401 2577 0.5990 7.6190 8.2180
44 317 0.0091 0.0010 16.0100 16.0100 184.3 2396 2581 0.6255 7.5560 8.1810
46 319 0.0101 0.0010 14.5300 14.5300 192.6 2392 2584 0.6517 7.4940 8.1450
48 321 0.0112 0.0010 13.2100 13.2100 201.0 2387 2588 0.6779 7.4320 8.1100
50 323 0.0124 0.0010 12.0300 12.0300 209.3 2382 2591 0.7038 7.3710 8.0750
52 325 0.0136 0.0010 10.9600 10.9600 217.7 2377 2595 0.7296 7.3110 8.0400
54 327 0.0150 0.0010 10.0000 10.0100 226.1 2372 2598 0.7553 7.2510 8.0070
56 329 0.0165 0.0010 9.1430 9.1450 234.4 2367 2602 0.7808 7.1920 7.9730
58 331 0.0182 0.0010 8.3670 8.3680 242.8 2363 2605 0.8061 7.1340 7.9400
60 333 0.0200 0.0010 7.6660 7.6670 251.2 2358 2609 0.8313 7.0770 7.9080
62 335 0.0219 0.0010 7.0320 7.0330 259.6 2353 2612 0.8564 7.0200 7.8760
64 337 0.0239 0.0010 6.4590 6.4600 267.9 2348 2616 0.8813 6.9640 7.8450
66 339 0.0262 0.0010 5.9390 5.9400 276.3 2343 2619 0.9060 6.9080 7.8140
68 341 0.0286 0.0010 5.4670 5.4680 284.7 2338 2623 0.9307 6.8530 7.7840
70 343 0.0312 0.0010 5.0390 5.0400 293.1 2333 2626 0.9551 6.7990 7.7540
72 345 0.0340 0.0010 4.6490 4.6500 301.5 2328 2630 0.9795 6.7450 7.7250
74 347 0.0370 0.0010 4.2940 4.2950 309.8 2323 2633 1.0040 6.6920 7.6960
76 349 0.0402 0.0010 3.9700 3.9710 318.2 2318 2636 1.0280 6.6390 7.6670
78 351 0.0437 0.0010 3.6740 3.6750 326.6 2313 2640 1.0520 6.5870 7.6390
80 353 0.0474 0.0010 3.4040 3.4050 335.0 2308 2643 1.0760 6.5360 7.6110
82 355 0.0514 0.0010 3.1570 3.1580 343.4 2303 2646 1.0990 6.4840 7.5840
84 357 0.0556 0.0010 2.9310 2.9320 351.8 2298 2650 1.1230 6.4340 7.5570
86 359 0.0602 0.0010 2.7240 2.7250 360.2 2293 2653 1.1460 6.3840 7.5300
88 361 0.0650 0.0010 2.5330 2.5340 368.6 2288 2656 1.1700 6.3340 7.5040
90 363 0.0702 0.0010 2.3580 2.3590 377.0 2283 2660 1.1930 6.2850 7.4780
92 365 0.0757 0.0010 2.1970 2.1980 385.5 2277 2663 1.2160 6.2370 7.4530
94 367 0.0815 0.0010 2.0490 2.0500 393.9 2272 2666 1.2390 6.1890 7.4280
96 369 0.0878 0.0010 1.9130 1.9140 402.3 2267 2669 1.2620 6.1410 7.4030
98 371 0.0944 0.0010 1.7870 1.7880 410.7 2262 2672 1.2850 6.0940 7.3780
100 373 0.1014 0.0010 1.6710 1.6720 419.2 2256 2676 1.3070 6.0470 7.3540
102 375 0.1089 0.0010 1.5640 1.5650 427.6 2251 2679 1.3300 6.0010 7.3300
104 377 0.1168 0.0010 1.4640 1.4650 436.1 2246 2682 1.3520 5.9550 7.3070
106 379 0.1251 0.0010 1.3720 1.3730 444.5 2240 2685 1.3750 5.9090 7.2840
108 381 0.1340 0.0011 1.2870 1.2880 453.0 2235 2688 1.3970 5.8640 7.2610
110 383 0.1434 0.0011 1.2080 1.2090 461.4 2230 2691 1.4190 5.8190 7.2380
112 385 0.1533 0.0011 1.1350 1.1360 469.9 2224 2694 1.4410 5.7750 7.2160
114 387 0.1637 0.0011 1.0670 1.0680 478.4 2219 2697 1.4630 5.7310 7.1940
116 389 0.1748 0.0011 1.0040 1.0050 486.8 2213 2700 1.4850 5.6870 7.1720
118 391 0.1864 0.0011 0.9450 0.9461 495.3 2208 2703 1.5060 5.6440 7.1500
120 393 0.1987 0.0011 0.8903 0.8913 503.8 2202 2706 1.5280 5.6010 7.1290
122 395 0.2116 0.0011 0.8392 0.8403 512.3 2197 2709 1.5490 5.5590 7.1080
124 397 0.2252 0.0011 0.7916 0.7927 520.8 2191 2712 1.5710 5.5170 7.0870
126 399 0.2395 0.0011 0.7472 0.7483 529.3 2185 2715 1.5920 5.4750 7.0670
128 401 0.2545 0.0011 0.7058 0.7068 537.9 2179 2717 1.6130 5.4330 7.0470
130 403 0.2703 0.0011 0.6670 0.6681 546.4 2174 2720 1.6350 5.3920 7.0270
132 405 0.2868 0.0011 0.6308 0.6318 554.9 2168 2723 1.6560 5.3510 7.0070
134 407 0.3042 0.0011 0.5969 0.5979 563.5 2162 2726 1.6770 5.3100 6.9870
136 409 0.3224 0.0011 0.5651 0.5662 572.0 2156 2728 1.6980 5.2700 6.9680
138 411 0.3415 0.0011 0.5353 0.5364 580.6 2150 2731 1.7180 5.2300 6.9480
140 413 0.3615 0.0011 0.5074 0.5085 589.2 2144 2733 1.7390 5.1900 6.9290
PROPIEDADES DEL VAPOR DE AGUA SATURADO
TEMPERATURA
fvsp fgv gv fh fgh ghsTsT fs fgs gs
[ ]MPa[ ]K[ ]C°
3m
kg
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
3m
kg
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
3m
kg
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
kJ
kg
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
kJ
kg
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
kJ
kg
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 21
142 415 0.3825 0.0011 0.4812 0.4823 597.7 2138 2736 1.7600 5.1510 6.9110
144 417 0.4044 0.0011 0.4566 0.4577 606.3 2132 2739 1.7800 5.1110 6.8920
146 419 0.4273 0.0011 0.4335 0.4346 614.9 2126 2741 1.8010 5.0720 6.8730
148 421 0.4512 0.0011 0.4118 0.4129 623.6 2120 2744 1.8210 5.0340 6.8550
150 423 0.4762 0.0011 0.3914 0.3925 632.2 2114 2746 1.8420 4.9950 6.8370
152 425 0.5022 0.0011 0.3722 0.3733 640.8 2108 2748 1.8620 4.9570 6.8190
154 427 0.5295 0.0011 0.3540 0.3551 649.5 2101 2751 1.8820 4.9190 6.8010
156 429 0.5578 0.0011 0.3370 0.3381 658.1 2095 2753 1.9020 4.8810 6.7840
158 431 0.5874 0.0011 0.3209 0.3220 666.8 2088 2755 1.9230 4.8440 6.7660
160 433 0.6182 0.0011 0.3057 0.3068 675.5 2082 2757 1.9430 4.8070 6.7490
162 435 0.6503 0.0011 0.2914 0.2925 684.2 2075 2760 1.9630 4.7700 6.7320
164 437 0.6837 0.0011 0.2778 0.2789 692.9 2069 2762 1.9820 4.7330 6.7150
166 439 0.7185 0.0011 0.2650 0.2661 701.6 2062 2764 2.0020 4.6960 6.6980
168 441 0.7546 0.0011 0.2529 0.2540 710.3 2056 2766 2.0220 4.6600 6.6820
170 443 0.7922 0.0011 0.2415 0.2426 719.1 2049 2768 2.0420 4.6230 6.6650
172 445 0.8312 0.0011 0.2306 0.2318 727.8 2042 2770 2.0610 4.5870 6.6490
174 447 0.8718 0.0011 0.2204 0.2215 736.6 2035 2772 2.0810 4.5510 6.6320
176 449 0.9138 0.0011 0.2107 0.2118 745.4 2028 2774 2.1000 4.5160 6.6160
178 451 0.9575 0.0011 0.2015 0.2026 754.2 2021 2775 2.1200 4.4800 6.6000
180 453 1.0030 0.0011 0.1927 0.1938 763.1 2014 2777 2.1390 4.4450 6.5840
182 455 1.0500 0.0011 0.1844 0.1856 771.9 2007 2779 2.1590 4.4100 6.5680
184 457 1.0980 0.0011 0.1766 0.1777 780.8 2000 2781 2.1780 4.3750 6.5530
186 459 1.1490 0.0011 0.1691 0.1702 789.6 1993 2782 2.1970 4.3400 6.5370
188 461 1.2010 0.0011 0.1620 0.1631 798.5 1985 2784 2.2160 4.3050 6.5210
190 463 1.2550 0.0011 0.1552 0.1564 807.4 1978 2785 2.2350 4.2700 6.5060
192 465 1.3110 0.0011 0.1488 0.1499 816.4 1970 2787 2.2550 4.2360 6.4910
194 467 1.3690 0.0011 0.1427 0.1438 825.3 1963 2788 2.2740 4.2020 6.4750
196 469 1.4290 0.0012 0.1369 0.1380 834.3 1955 2789 2.2930 4.1680 6.4600
198 471 1.4910 0.0012 0.1313 0.1325 843.3 1948 2791 2.3120 4.1340 6.4450
200 473 1.5550 0.0012 0.1261 0.1272 852.3 1940 2792 2.3310 4.1000 6.4300
202 475 1.6210 0.0012 0.1210 0.1222 861.3 1932 2793 2.3490 4.0660 6.4150
204 477 1.6890 0.0012 0.1162 0.1174 870.3 1924 2794 2.3680 4.0320 6.4000
206 479 1.7600 0.0012 0.1117 0.1128 879.4 1916 2795 2.3870 3.9990 6.3860
208 481 1.8330 0.0012 0.1073 0.1085 888.5 1908 2796 2.4060 3.9650 6.3710
210 483 1.9080 0.0012 0.1031 0.1043 897.6 1900 2797 2.4250 3.9320 6.3560
212 485 1.9850 0.0012 0.0991 0.1003 906.8 1891 2798 2.4430 3.8990 6.3420
214 487 2.0650 0.0012 0.0953 0.0965 915.9 1883 2799 2.4620 3.8650 6.3270
216 489 2.1470 0.0012 0.0917 0.0929 925.1 1875 2800 2.4800 3.8320 6.3130
218 491 2.2320 0.0012 0.0882 0.0894 934.3 1866 2800 2.4990 3.7990 6.2980
220 493 2.3200 0.0012 0.0849 0.0861 943.5 1857 2801 2.5180 3.7660 6.2840
222 495 2.4100 0.0012 0.0817 0.0829 952.8 1849 2801 2.5360 3.7340 6.2700
224 497 2.5020 0.0012 0.0787 0.0799 962.1 1840 2802 2.5550 3.7010 6.2550
226 499 2.5980 0.0012 0.0758 0.0770 971.4 1831 2802 2.5730 3.6680 6.2410
228 501 2.6960 0.0012 0.0730 0.0742 980.8 1822 2803 2.5920 3.6350 6.2270
230 503 2.7970 0.0012 0.0703 0.0715 990.1 1813 2803 2.6100 3.6030 6.2130
232 505 2.9010 0.0012 0.0677 0.0689 999.5 1804 2803 2.6280 3.5700 6.1990
234 507 3.0080 0.0012 0.0653 0.0665 1009.0 1794 2803 2.6470 3.5380 6.1850
236 509 3.1180 0.0012 0.0629 0.0641 1018.0 1785 2803 2.6650 3.5050 6.1700
238 511 3.2310 0.0012 0.0607 0.0619 1028.0 1775 2803 2.6840 3.4730 6.1560
240 513 3.3470 0.0012 0.0585 0.0597 1037.0 1765 2803 2.7020 3.4410 6.1420
242 515 3.4660 0.0012 0.0564 0.0576 1047.0 1756 2803 2.7200 3.4080 6.1280
244 517 3.5890 0.0012 0.0544 0.0556 1057.0 1746 2802 2.7380 3.3760 6.1140
246 519 3.7150 0.0012 0.0525 0.0537 1066.0 1736 2802 2.7570 3.3430 6.1000
248 521 3.8440 0.0012 0.0506 0.0519 1076.0 1726 2802 2.7750 3.3110 6.0860
250 523 3.9760 0.0013 0.0488 0.0501 1086.0 1715 2801 2.7930 3.2790 6.0720
252 525 4.1120 0.0013 0.0471 0.0484 1095.0 1705 2800 2.8120 3.2460 6.0580
254 527 4.2520 0.00130.0455 0.0467 1105.0 1694 2800 2.8300 3.2140 6.0440
256 529 4.3950 0.0013 0.0439 0.0452 1115.0 1684 2799 2.8480 3.1820 6.0300
258 531 4.5420 0.0013 0.0424 0.0436 1125.0 1673 2798 2.8660 3.1490 6.0160
260 533 4.6920 0.0013 0.0409 0.0422 1135.0 1662 2797 2.8850 3.1170 6.0020
262 535 4.8470 0.0013 0.0395 0.0408 1145.0 1651 2795 2.9030 3.0840 5.9870
264 537 5.0050 0.0013 0.0381 0.0394 1155.0 1639 2794 2.9210 3.0520 5.9730
266 539 5.1670 0.0013 0.0368 0.0381 1165.0 1628 2793 2.9400 3.0190 5.9590
268 541 5.3330 0.0013 0.0355 0.0368 1175.0 1616 2791 2.9580 2.9870 5.9450
270 543 5.5030 0.0013 0.0343 0.0356 1185.0 1605 2790 2.9760 2.9540 5.9300
272 545 5.6770 0.0013 0.0331 0.0345 1195.0 1593 2788 2.9950 2.9220 5.9160
274 547 5.8560 0.0013 0.0320 0.0333 1206.0 1581 2786 3.0130 2.8890 5.9020
276 549 6.0380 0.0013 0.0309 0.0322 1216.0 1568 2784 3.0310 2.8560 5.8870
278 551 6.2250 0.0013 0.0298 0.0312 1226.0 1556 2782 3.0500 2.8230 5.8730
280 553 6.4170 0.0013 0.0288 0.0302 1237.0 1543 2780 3.0680 2.7900 5.8580
fvsp fgv gv fh fgh ghsTsT fs fgs gs
[ ]MPa[ ]K[ ]C°
3m
kg
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
3m
kg
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
3m
kg
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
kJ
kg
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
kJ
kg
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
kJ
kg
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 22
 
 
282 555 6.6120 0.0013 0.0278 0.0292 1247.0 1530 2778 3.0870 2.7570 5.8430
284 557 6.8130 0.0013 0.0269 0.0282 1258.0 1517 2775 3.1050 2.7230 5.8280
286 559 7.0180 0.0014 0.0260 0.0273 1268.0 1504 2772 3.1240 2.6900 5.8130
288 561 7.2270 0.0014 0.0251 0.0264 1279.0 1491 2770 3.1420 2.6560 5.7980
290 563 7.4420 0.0014 0.0242 0.0256 1290.0 1477 2767 3.1610 2.6230 5.7830
292 565 7.6610 0.0014 0.0234 0.0247 1301.0 1463 2764 3.1800 2.5890 5.7680
294 567 7.8850 0.0014 0.0225 0.0239 1312.0 1449 2760 3.1980 2.5550 5.7530
296 569 8.1140 0.0014 0.0218 0.0231 1323.0 1434 2757 3.2170 2.5200 5.7370
298 571 8.3480 0.0014 0.0210 0.0224 1334.0 1420 2753 3.2360 2.4860 5.7220
300 573 8.5880 0.0014 0.0203 0.0217 1345.0 1405 2750 3.2550 2.4510 5.7060
302 575 8.8320 0.0014 0.0195 0.0210 1356.0 1390 2746 3.2740 2.4160 5.6900
304 577 9.0820 0.0014 0.0189 0.0203 1367.0 1374 2742 3.2930 2.3810 5.6740
306 579 9.3380 0.0014 0.0182 0.0196 1379.0 1358 2737 3.3120 2.3460 5.6580
308 581 9.5990 0.0014 0.0175 0.0190 1390.0 1342 2733 3.3310 2.3100 5.6410
310 583 9.8650 0.0014 0.0169 0.0183 1402.0 1326 2728 3.3510 2.2740 5.6240
312 585 10.1400 0.0015 0.0163 0.0177 1414.0 1309 2723 3.3700 2.2370 5.6070
314 587 10.4200 0.0015 0.0157 0.0171 1426.0 1292 2718 3.3900 2.2010 5.5900
316 589 10.7000 0.0015 0.0151 0.0166 1438.0 1275 2712 3.4090 2.1640 5.5730
318 591 10.9900 0.0015 0.0145 0.0160 1450.0 1257 2707 3.4290 2.1260 5.5550
320 593 11.2800 0.0015 0.0140 0.0155 1462.0 1239 2701 3.4490 2.0880 5.5370
322 595 11.5900 0.0015 0.0134 0.0149 1474.0 1220 2694 3.4690 2.0500 5.5190
324 597 11.8900 0.0015 0.0129 0.0144 1487.0 1201 2688 3.4900 2.0110 5.5000
326 599 12.2100 0.0015 0.0124 0.0139 1500.0 1181 2681 3.5100 1.9710 5.4810
328 601 12.5300 0.0015 0.0119 0.0135 1513.0 1161 2674 3.5310 1.9310 5.4620
330 603 12.8600 0.0016 0.0114 0.0130 1526.0 1140 2666 3.5520 1.8910 5.4420
332 605 13.1900 0.0016 0.0109 0.0125 1539.0 1119 2658 3.5730 1.8490 5.4220
334 607 13.5300 0.0016 0.0105 0.0121 1553.0 1097 2650 3.5940 1.8070 5.4010
336 609 13.8800 0.0016 0.0100 0.0116 1566.0 1075 2641 3.6160 1.7640 5.3800
338 611 14.2400 0.0016 0.0096 0.0112 1580.0 1051 2632 3.6380 1.7200 5.3580
340 613 14.6000 0.0016 0.0091 0.0108 1595.0 1027 2622 3.6600 1.6760 5.3360
342 615 14.9700 0.0017 0.0087 0.0104 1609.0 1002 2612 3.6830 1.6300 5.3130
344 617 15.3500 0.0017 0.0083 0.0100 1624.0 976.7 2601 3.7060 1.5830 5.2890
346 619 15.7300 0.0017 0.0079 0.0096 1639.0 949.9 2589 3.7300 1.5340 5.2640
348 621 16.1300 0.0017 0.0075 0.0092 1655.0 921.9 2577 3.7540 1.4840 5.2380
350 623 16.5300 0.0017 0.0071 0.0088 1671.0 892.7 2564 3.7790 1.4330 5.2110
352 625 16.9400 0.0018 0.0067 0.0084 1688.0 862.1 2550 3.8040 1.3790 5.1830
354 627 17.3600 0.0018 0.0063 0.0081 1705.0 829.8 2535 3.8310 1.3230 5.1540
356 629 17.7800 0.0018 0.0059 0.0077 1723.0 795.6 2519 3.8580 1.2650 5.1230
358 631 18.2200 0.0019 0.0055 0.0073 1742.0 759.2 2501 3.8870 1.2030 5.0890
360 633 18.6700 0.0019 0.0051 0.0070 1762.0 720.1 2482 3.9160 1.1370 5.0540
362 635 19.1200 0.0019 0.0046 0.0066 1783.0 677.6 2460 3.9480 1.0670 5.0150
364 637 19.5900 0.0020 0.0042 0.0062 1805.0 630.9 2436 3.9820 0.9902 4.9720
366 639 20.0600 0.0020 0.0038 0.0058 1830.0 578.4 2408 4.0200 0.9050 4.9250
368 641 20.5500 0.0021 0.0033 0.0054 1858.0 517.6 2375 4.0620 0.8073 4.8690
370 643 21.0400 0.0022 0.0027 0.0050 1891.0 443.1 2334 4.1120 0.6890 4.8010
372 645 21.5500 0.0024 0.0020 0.0044 1936.0 340.6 2276 4.1790 0.5280 4.7070
fvsp fgv gv fh fgh ghsTsT fs fgs gs
[ ]MPa[ ]K[ ]C°
3m
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
3m
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
3m
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
k J
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
k J
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
k J
k g
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 
kJ
kg K
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 23
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 24
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 25
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 26
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 27
Segunda Ley de la Termodinámica. 
 
C
1 2 2
1 1 1
iclo de Potencia Ciclo de Carnot
 1
Ciclo de Refrigeración Cic
netoW Q Q T
Q Q T
η η+= = = −
2 2 2
1 2 1 2
1 1
1 2
lo Invertido de Carnot
 
Ciclo de Bomba de Calor Ciclo Invertido de Carnot Bomba Calor
 
neto
neto
Q Q TCOP
W Q Q T T
Q QCOP
W Q Q
η= = =
+ −
= =
+
1
1 2
 T
T T
η =
−
 
 
 
Entropía. 
2
1
 ó bien y dqds dq Tds q Tds
T
= = = ∫ 
 
2
2 1 1
( ) dQ kJS S S
T K
⎛ ⎞Δ = − = ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠∫ 
 
2
2 1 1
( ) dq kJs s s
T kg
⎛ ⎞
Δ = − = ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
∫ K
 
≥
 
Mezcla de gases ideales. 
 
 Análisis gravimétrico. 
 0Universo fuente o ambiente sistemaS S SΔ = Δ + Δ 
 
 
x x
x
m m
masa componente mG
masa mezcla m
= = 
1
1 ó 100%
m x y z
yx z
m m m
x y z
m m m m
mm m
m m m
G G G
= + +
= + +
+ + =
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 28
 Análisis volumétrico. 
 Ley de Dalton
1
1 ó 100%
m x y z
m x y z
yx z
m m m
x y z
n n n n
p p p p
nn n
n n n
B B B
= + +
= + +
= + +
+ + =
 
 
 
 
x x
x
m m
N moles componente nB
N moles mezcla n
°
= =
°
 
además se cumple que x x xx
m m
V n pB
V n p
= = = 
m
 
 
- Paso de análisis volumétrico a gravimétrico. 
 
 
; ; y yx x z zx y x
i i i i i i
m n M
B MB M B MG G G
B M B M B M
= ⋅
⋅⋅ ⋅
= = =
⋅ ⋅∑ ∑ ∑
 
⋅
 
 
- Paso de análisis gravimétrico a volumétrico. 
 
 
; ; 
yx z
y z
x y x
i i
i
mn
M
GG G
M MB BG G G
 
xMB
i
i iM M M
=
= ==
∑ ∑ ∑
 
 
 
- Peso Molecular y Constante Particular de la Mezcla. 
 
im iM B M= ⋅∑ 
 
m
u u
p
m i
R RR
iM B M
= =
⋅∑
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007 
 29
 
- Otras Propiedades. 
 
Calor Específico. 
 
 
m x x y y z z
m x x y y z z
kJC G C G C G C
kg K
kJC B C B C B C
kmol K
⎡ ⎤
= ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ ⎢ ⎥⋅⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤= ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ ⎢ ⎥⋅⎣ ⎦
 
 
Entalpía. 
 
 
m x x y y z z
m x x y y z z
kJh G h G h G h
kg
kJh B h B h B h
kmol
⎡ ⎤
= ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤= ⋅ + ⋅ + ⎢ ⎥⎣ ⎦
 
 
Energía interna. 
⋅
m x x y yu G u G u= ⋅ + ⋅ + 
 
z z
m x x y y z z
kJG u
kg
kJu B u B u B u
kmol
⎡ ⎤
⋅ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤= ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ ⎢ ⎥⎣ ⎦
 
 
Entropía. 
 
 
m x x y y z z
m x x y ys B s B s z z
kJs G s G s G skg K
kJB s
kmol K
⎡ ⎤
= ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ ⎢ ⎥⋅⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤⋅= ⋅ + ⋅ + ⎢ ⎥⋅⎣ ⎦
 
 
Reinaldo Sánchez A. 2007