Descarga la aplicación para disfrutar aún más
Vista previa del material en texto
AGA3 American Gas Association Report No. 3 Module Page AGA3-1 ACCOL II Reference Manual The AGA3 Module performs the gas flow calculations specified by the American Gas Association, Report No.3 (AGA-3) ANSI/API 2530, 1985 edition.1 The output of this module is the rate of flow of a gas through an orifice plate in thousands of cubic feet per hour (MSCFH). Module Terminals DIFF_PRESS (hw) is the differential pressure across an orifice in inches/water at 60o F. STAT_PRESS is the static pressure of the flowing gas in psig. 1. In general, it is recommended that AGA3TERM be used instead of AGA3 because it provides greater flexibility of use. Users requiring AGA3 calculations based on the Nov., 92 (2nd edition) of the AGA3 report should use the AGA3ITER module. Default: None, entry required Format: Analog signal or constant Input/Output: Input PIPE_DIAM ORIF_CONST POINT ORIF_DIAM OUTPUT TRACK 3 ADJ _PRESS DIFF_ PRESS STAT_ PRESS FLOW_TEMP SPEC_GRAV FPV_IN BASE _TEMP BASE _PRESS Default: None, entry required Format: Analog signal, constant Input/Output: Input AGA3 ACCOL II Reference Manual Page AGA3-2 AGA3 American Gas Association Report No. 3 Module ADJ_PRESS is the average barometric pressure in psia. In the AGA3 Module, the value entered as STAT_PRESS is added to ADJ_PRESS to obtain absolute pressure. ORIF_DIAM is the orifice diameter in inches. PIPE_DIAM is the inside diameter of the pipe in inches. ORIF_CONST (K = Fa Fm Fl) This constant is obtained from the multiplication of three factors. The thermal expansion factor corrects for the change in the physical size of the orifice plate bore due to the flowing temperature effects of the gas. Where a mercury manometer is used, manometer and latitude factors must also be calculated. (See Combined Orifice Constant in this section for more details.) Default: 14.73 psia Format: Analog signal or constant Input/Output: Input Default: None; entry is mandatory Format: Analog signal or constant Input/Output: Input Default: None; entry is mandatory Format: Analog signal or constant Input/Output: Input Default: 1 Format: Analog signal or constant Input/Output: Input AGA3 American Gas Association Report No. 3 Module Page AGA3-3 ACCOL II Reference Manual BASE_PRESS (Pb) is the base or contract pressure of the gas in psia. The base pressure specified here will be used to calculate Fpb which equals 14.73/Pb. BASE_TEMP (T b ) is the required (contract) base temperature of the flowing gas in degrees Fahrenheit. T b is used to calculate the factor F tb . FLOW_TEMP (Tf) is the flowing temperature of the gas in degrees F. It is used to com- pute Ftf. FPV_IN is the supercomcompressibility factor of the gas. This signal can be obtained from the FPV Module. POINT is a construction code. This entry applies to the pipe tap and flange Default: 14.73 psia Format: Analog signal or constant Input/Output: Input Default: 600F Format: Analog signal or constant Input/Output: Input Default: 600F Format: Analog signal or constant Input/Output: Input Default: 1 Format: Analog signal or constant Input/Output: Input Default: 1 Format: Analog signal or constant Input/Output: Input ACCOL II Reference Manual Page AGA3-4 AGA3 American Gas Association Report No. 3 Module tap construction described under Base Orifice Factor in this section. In order to change the value of this terminal while the unit is on line, use the following procedure. Change either the PIPE_DIAM or ORIF_DIAM value to zero. Enter the new construction code on the POINT terminal and wait for the task to execute at least once. Set the PIPE_DIAM or ORIF_DIAM back to the original value. If the value of the POINT terminal is changed off line, manipulation of the DIAM terminals as described above is not necessary. SPEC_GRAV (SG) is the specific gravity of the flowing gas. This is defined as the ratio of the density of the gas to that of dry air at standard conditions. TRACK is used to force the gas flow output to zero under certain measurement conditions. It could be used to close a block valve and stop the flow. If TRACK is an analog value, it will be compared to the value of the differential pressure (DIFF_PRESS). As long as TRACK is below differential pressure, the flow-computed output will be furnished to the OUTPUT terminal. Should the track value exceed the differential pressure value, the OUTPUT will be set to zero percent of scale. In this way, the TRACK signal acts as a cut off limit. If the TRACK signal is a logical variable, the ON state will allow the flow-computed output to be furnished to the OUTPUT terminal. If the Default: 0.6 Format: Analog signal or constant Input/Output: Input Default: None, entry is optional Format: Analog or logical signal Input/Output: Input AGA3 American Gas Association Report No. 3 Module Page AGA3-5 ACCOL II Reference Manual TRACK signal is in an OFF state, the module output will be set to zero percent of scale. OUTPUT (Qh) represents the corrected gas flow rate in MSCFH (thousands of standard cubic feet per hour). Gas Flow Equation The general form of the AGA-3 equation is: Qh = C’ hw pf where: Qh = Quantity rate of flow at base conditions, standard cubic feet per hour (SCFH) C’ = Orifice flow constant hw = Differential pressure, inches of water at 60 oF pf = Absolute static pressure, psia The orifice flow constant, C’, is composed of various factors, some are fixed by the physical equipment and others vary with the state of the flowing gas. The orifice flow constant is defined as follows: C’ = Fb Fr Y Fpb Ftb Ftf Fg Fpv K where: Default: None Format: Analog signal Input/Output: Output ACCOL II Reference Manual Page AGA3-6 AGA3 American Gas Association Report No. 3 Module Fb = Basic orifice factor for a given orifice size and pipe diameter Fr = Reynolds number factor Y = Expansion factor Fpb = Pressure base factor Ftb = Temperature base factor Ftf = Flowing temperature factor Fg = Specific gravity factor Fpv = Supercompressibility factor K = Combined orifice constant Fb is computed using the equations contained in Appendix B of the AGA-3 report. The term F r , the Reynolds number correction factor, is calculated from: b Fr = 1 + h w P f where b is a constant for a given orifice size and pipe diameter. It is computed using equations in Appendix B of the AGA-3 report and is combined with the linear interpolation of Table 18. K, the combined orifice constant, is obtained from the expression: K = Fm Fa Fl where: Fm = Manometer factor for mercury-type flowmeters only Fa = Orifice thermal expansion factor Fl = Gravitational correction for mercury manometer factor Y, = the expansion factor, is calculated using the equations described in Appendix B, Section 8 of the AGA-3 report. These equations are broken up into two factors, one of which depends on the physical equipment, and the other which depends on the state of the gas. AGA3 American Gas Association Report No. 3 Module Page AGA3-7 ACCOL II Reference Manual The other factors are calculated as follows: 14.73 Fpb = Pb where Pb = contract base pressure T b + 459.67 Ftb = 519.67 where T b is the base temperature in degrees F 519.67 Ftf = T f + 459.67 Fg is defined by the following expression: 1 Fg = SG where SG is the specific gravity of the gas. Combining the various expressions, the basic equation solved by the gas flow block is: b 14.73 Tb + 459.67 Qh = KFb * 1 + * Y * * hw Pf Pb 519.67 519.67 hw Pf * Fpv * * Tf + 459.67 SG ACCOL II Reference Manual Page AGA3-8 AGA3 American Gas Association Report No. 3 Module Combined Orifice Constant The combined orifice constant is applied to the ORIF CONST terminal to correct for local conditions.For example, it could be calculated from the formula: K = Fm Fa Fl where: Fl = latitude factor for mercury manometer/transducers. Specify latitude in degrees and elevation in feet. 980.665 + ( 0.087*(latitude-45) ) - (9.4x10-5 * elevation) = 980.665 Fm = Manometer factor for mercury manometer/transducers SG * Fpv 2 * Pf = 1 - 2.699 * 844.132 * Ta where: Ta = ambient temperature, 0F + 460 SG = specific gravity of the flowing gas Fpv = supercompressibility of the flowing gas Pf = absolute pressure of the flowing gas When mercury manometers are not used, Fl and Fm = 1. Fa = thermal expansion factor of orifice plate due to the temperature of the flowing gas. AGA3 American Gas Association Report No. 3 Module Page AGA3-9 ACCOL II Reference Manual For 304 or 316 stainless steel: Fa = 1 + [ 1.85 x 10 -5 * (Tf - 68) ] For SAE carbon steel: Fa = 1 + [ 1.3793 x 10 -5 * (Tf - 68) ] For 430 stainless steel: Fa = 1 + [ 1.1364 x 10 -5 * (Tf - 68) ] (T f is the temperature of the flowing gas in degrees Fahrenheit.) Usually these correction factors have minimal effect on the output signal. As a result, three different approaches can be taken with respect to this input of the module: 1. Leave this input signal unwired in which case the calculation operates as though a default value of 1.0 were used. 2. Compute the value manually and wire a signal with the value to the input. 3. Compute the value in a Calculator Module and apply that output to the ORIF_CONST terminal. Basic Orifice Factor The AGA3 Module computes a value for the basic orifice factor inter- nally using the orifice diameter, pipe diameter, and a code that indicates whether pipe or flange taps are used. The pipe diameter and orifice diameter are input signals to the AGA3 Module. Both are specified in inches. These inputs must be wired to produce a gas flow result. An integer code value is used at the POINT terminal to indicate the meter construction. The following table shows the code to be used to indicate tap type and location. ACCOL II Reference Manual Page AGA3-10 AGA3 American Gas Association Report No. 3 Module Static Pressure Pipe Flange Measured Taps Taps Upstream 4 2 Downstream 3 1 This code affects the calculation of the expansion factor (Y). The basic orifice factor is obtained using a linear interpolation technique based on the AGA3 tables. In order to save execution time, parts of the AGA-3 equation affected by the POINT code, PIPE_DIAM or ORIF_DIAM, are not calculated every time the task executes. PIPE_DIAM or ORIF_DIAM values can be changed on-line and automatic recalculation of the affected param- eters will take place. If the POINT terminal value is the only value being changed you must also change the PIPE_DIAM or ORIF_DIAM values as follows: 1. Disable the AGA3 Module OUTPUT via the TRACK signal to prevent erroneous flow rates. 2. Enter the new value on the POINT terminal. 3. Set either the PIPE_DIAM or ORIF_DIAM value to zero. 4. Wait for the task to execute at least once and then set the PIPE_DIAM or ORIF_DIAM back to the original value. 5. Re-enable the module OUTPUT via the TRACK signal. Return to the Table of Contents Return to the List of Manuals
Compartir