Logo Studenta

actividad 1 matter 2 - Sebastian Ruiz Chong

Vista previa del material en texto

Matter and Enery II
506
Actividad 1
Sebastian Ruiz Chong
14/08/2022
Satyendra Nath Bose Biography
Satyendra Nath Bose was born into a middle-class family on January 1, 1894 in British India’s capital city, Calcutta, Bengal Presidency. Today the city is known as Kolkata.
Satyendra’s father was Surendranath Bose, an accountant in the East Indian Railway Company. Surendranath had a great interest in mathematics & science and in 1903 founded a small pharmaceutical and chemical company. Satyendra’s mother was Amodini Devi, a lawyer’s daughter. Satyendra was the couple’s eldest child and their only son; in the years following Satyendra’s birth, his parents had six daughters.
At age five, Satyendra enrolled at his local elementary school. Later, after his family moved to Calcutta’s Goabagan neighborhood, he became a pupil at the New Indian School.
His father encouraged Satyendra’s mathematical skills. Each morning, before leaving for work, he would write arithmetic problems on the floor for his son to solve. Satyendra always solved these before his father returned home.
In 1907, at age 13, Satyendra began high school at the Hindu School. He was quickly recognized as an outstanding pupil, especially in mathematics and the sciences. His mathematics teacher believed he had the potential to become a great mathematician.
By 1909, age 15, Satyendra Bose had completed high school. He began a Bachelor of Science degree at Calcutta’s Presidency College, which is located next to the Hindu School. He majored in Applied Mathematics, and again he proved to be an outstanding student, graduating in 1913 at the top of his class, with first class honors.
Bose decided he wanted to remain in academia. He enrolled for a master’s degree in Applied Mathematics at the University of Calcutta. In 1915, age 21, he graduated at the top of his class. He also learned enough scientific German and French to read works published in these languages.
In 1921, Bose joined the physics department at the University of Dhaka, which had then been recently formed, and went on to establish new departments, laboratories and libraries in which he could teach advanced courses. He wrote a paper in 1924 in which he derived Planck's quantum radiation law without referencing classical physics, which he was able to do by counting states with identical properties. The paper would later prove seminal in creating the field of quantum statistics. Bose sent the paper to Einstein in Germany, and the scientist recognized its importance, translated it into German and submitted it on Bose's behalf to the prestigious scientific journal Zeitschrift für Physik. The publication led to recognition, and Bose was granted a leave of absence to work in Europe for two years at X-ray and crystallography laboratories, where he worked alongside Einstein and Marie Curie, among others.
Einstein had adopted Bose's idea and extended it to atoms, which led to the prediction of the existence of phenomena that became known as the Bose-Einstein Condensate, a dense collection of bosons particles with integer spin that were named for Bose. 
Capillarity
capillarity, rise or depression of a liquid in a small passage such as a tube of small cross-sectional area, like the spaces between the fibers of a towel or the openings in a porous material. Capillarity is not limited to the vertical direction. 
Liquids that rise in small-bore tubes inserted into the liquid are said to wet the tube, whereas liquids that are depressed within thin tubes below the surface of the surrounding liquid do not wet the tube. Water is a liquid that wets glass capillary tubes; mercury is one that does not. When wetting does not occur, capillarity does not occur.
Capillarity is the result of surface, or interfacial, forces. The rise of water in a thin tube inserted in water is caused by forces of attraction between the molecules of water and the glass walls and among the molecules of water themselves. These attractive forces just balance the force of gravity of the column of water that has risen to a characteristic height.
Surface Tension
The cohesive forces between molecules in a liquid are shared with all neighboring molecules. Those on the surface have no neighboring molecules above and, thus, exhibit stronger attractive forces upon their nearest neighbors on and below the surface. Surface tension could be defined as the property of the surface of a liquid that allows it to resist an external force, due to the cohesive nature of the water molecules.
Water molecules want to cling to each other. At the surface, however, there are fewer water molecules to cling to since there is air above. This results in a stronger bond between those molecules that do meet one another, and a layer of strongly bonded water. This surface layer is held by surface tension, it creates a considerable barrier between the atmosphere and the water. In fact, other than mercury, water has the greatest surface tension of any liquid.
References
Famous Scientists. (2018, August 16). S. N. Bose - Biography, Facts and Pictures. Retrieved August 14, 2022, from https://www.famousscientists.org/s-n-bose/
B. (2019, August 21). Satyendra Nath Bose. Biography. Retrieved August 14, 2022, from https://www.biography.com/scientist/satyendra-nath-bose
capillarity | physics. (2016, September 16). Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved August 14, 2022, from https://www.britannica.com/science/capillarity
Water Science School. (2019, October 22). Surface Tension and Water | U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved August 14, 2022, from https://www.usgs.gov/special-topics/water-science-school/science/surface-tension-and-water

Otros materiales

Materiales relacionados

4 pag.
F541244-0-20050909112131

User badge image

Apuntes para Apriender

151 pag.
42GIC Gamow - Ivan Sanchez Lopez

User badge image

Desafio PASSEI DIRETO

158 pag.
249 pag.
libro-memorias-isum2013

User badge image

Los Mejores Apuntes