What are the indications, complications, precautions, and contraindications for lumbar puncture in neurological techniques?

Indications include exploration of cerebrospinal fluid in case of suspected infection, inflammatory process, or malignant neoplasm, intrathecal chemotherapy instillation, or measurement of opening pressure.
Complications may include local pain, infection, bleeding, cerebrospinal fluid leak, hematoma, spinal headache, and acquired epidural medullary tumor.
Precautions and contraindications include increased intracranial pressure, suspected intracranial hemorrhage, focal occupying lesion, or suspected increase in intracranial pressure. A CT scan may be necessary before the procedure.