ADA LEGAL FRAMEWORK FORTHE HIGH SEAS-11-12 - Ivanna Castro

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marine and coastal plans in the intertidal by the MCAA further ensures this necessary coordination 
between coastal and marine management. 
The British country has done the most difficult thing, it has developed an excellent political and 
strategic approach. Many countries, including Spain, have an almost exclusively technical approach 
to the management of their coastal-marine areas that rarely finds an echo in the more political 
spheres of management, with the consequent problems of lack of leadership, insufficient resources 
for the development of tools, poor coordination between competent institutions or lack of interest 
in public participation. The United Kingdom has common and shared goals for the development of 
its regional marine plans for all its seas. It also has a law that provides the necessary resources for 
their development (García, J. & Arenas, P., 2015). 
 
Evaluate the potential flag state's technical and operational standards 
 
Ship security 
To comply with the International Ship and Port Facilities Security (ISPS) Code requirements, every 
company/ship must have a Ship Security Plan (SSP). SSPs for UK-registered vessels must be approved 
by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA). When submitting an SSP it must be accompanied 
by a Ship Security Assessment (SSA). The purpose of an SSP is to help prevent illegal acts against the 
ship, crew and passengers, and minimise damage to the marine environment and port facilities 
When you submit an SSP it must be accompanied by a Ship Security Assessment (SSA). The SSAS is 
part of the ISPS Code. It is a system that contributes to the International Maritime Organization’s 
(IMO’s) efforts to strengthen maritime security and suppress acts of terrorism and piracy against 
shipping. 
Ship Identification Numbers (SINs) and Continuous Synopsis Records (CSRs) are special measures to 
ensure maritime safety contained in the SOLAS Chapter XI-1. They are also closely associated with 
the application of the ISPS Code. SOLAS Chapter XI-1 Regulation 3/4.1 requires that a SIN be 
permanently marked in a visible place on the vessel as applicable, eg: 
• on the stern 
• on either side of the hull, amidships port and starboard, above the deepest assigned load 
line 
• on either side of the superstructure, port and starboard 
• on the front of the superstructure 
• in the case of passenger ships, on a horizontal surface visible from the air 
The Continuous Synopsis Record (CSR) is intended to provide an on-board record of the history of 
the ship. Every ship that SOLAS Chapter I applies to must have an updated CSR containing specified 
information, including: 
• name of the state for which the ship is entitled to fly the flag 
• date of ship registration 
• SIN 
• port it is registered at 
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• name, registered address and unique identification number of owner 
Shipping companies are required to designate a Company Security Officer (CSO) to co-ordinate the 
security activities of the company and its ships, and to liaise with port facilities and governments. 
All ships must have a properly trained Ship Security Officer (SSO) on board. 
Safe Manning Certificate: All UK vessels of 500GT or more are required to hold a Safe Manning 
Document specifying the minimum required manning levels. Owner or operators of vessels below 
500GT may also find it advantageous to hold a Safe Manning Document. 
Construction and maintenance standards 
The construction and operation of merchant ships is controlled by a wide range of legislation. Many 
of these are based on international standards agreed by member states of the International 
Maritime Organization (IMO). The construction of UK merchant ships is controlled by the Merchant 
Shipping (Cargo Ship Construction) Regulations 1997. This comprehensive legislation specifies 
construction standards, as well as safety issues ranging from bilge pumping to the prevention of fire 
hazards. 
The structural strength of every ship and the number and disposition of transverse watertight 
bulkheads shall be adequate for the service for which the ship is intended. 
Additional requirements for ships constructed on or after 1st September 1984: The hull, 
superstructure, structural bulkheads, deck and deckhouses shall be constructed of steel or other 
equivalent material except that the crowns and casings of machinery spaces of Category A shall be 
constructed only of steel. 
More information regarding the construction of all ships can be found in the following link: 
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/1509/part/II/made 
Marine equipment standards 
The UK's Marine Equipment legislation is the Merchant Shipping (Marine Equipment) Regulations 
2016 SI 2016/1025 as amended by the Merchant Shipping (Marine Equipment) (Amendment etc.) 
The Regulations, together with Merchant Shipping Notice MSN 1874 (M+F), set out the performance 
and testing standards, and the conformity assessment procedures, to be met by Marine Equipment 
placed on board a UK ship. Marine Equipment which has been approved is marked with the 'Red 
Ensign Mark'. 
Only those products listed in Annex 1 of MSN 1874 can be marked with the Red Ensign. The Annex 
is divided into several sections: 
• Life-saving appliances 
• Marine pollution prevention 
• Fire protection equipment 
• Navigation equipment 
• Radio-communication equipment 
• Equipment required under COLREG 72 (Navigation lights) 
• Other safety equipment 
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/1509/part/II/made