DannaSanchez_PIA_FUNAD - Danna Sánchez (1)

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Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León 
Facultad de Contaduría Pública y Administración 
(FACPYA) 
 
 
PIA: Critical analysis report applied to a management 
case in an organization 
 
 
 
Bachelor’s degree: International Business 
 
Professor: M. C. Nancy Margarita Sáenz García 
Group: 1FI 
 
TEAM #6 
2009868 Danna Valeria Casiano Sánchez 
2000214 Jorge Puente González 
1994163 Luis Eugenio Romo Barragán 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
May 10th, 2022. San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León 
UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE NUEVO LEÓN FACULTAD DE CONTADURÍA PÚBLICA Y ADMINISTRACIÓN 
 
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Index 
1. Introduction 2 
2. Theoretical Framework 3 
2.1 Management 3 
3. Management Process 
3.1 Planning 3 
3.1.1 Decision-making 3 
3.1.2 Qualities of effective plans 3 
3.1.3 SWOT analysis 4 
3.2 Organizing 4 
3.2.1 Corporate level 4 
3.2.2 Business or division level 4 
3.2.3 Functional level 4 
3.3 Leadership 5 
3.3.1 Qualities of effective leaders 5 
3.4 Controlling 5 
3.4.1 Set performance standards 5 
3.4.2 Measure actual performance 5 
3.4.3 Compare actual performance with standards 5 
3.4.4 Take corrective actions 5 
4. Mazak, OPTIMAQ International 6 
4.1 Administrative process 6 
4.1.1 Planning 6 
4.1.2 Organizing 7 
4.1.3 Leading 7 
4.1.4 Controlling 7 
5. Strategies to achieve a competitive advantage 8 
6. Individual conclusions 9 
6.1 Group conclusion 9 
7. Annexes 10 
8. Survey 10 
9. Bibliography 12 
 
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1. Introduction 
 
 
The following project presents an analysis of the administration of a company 
based on the knowledge learned during the semester, it presents strategies that are 
considered appropriate to improve the company's performance by obtaining a 
competitive advantage. 
 
Through the basic and established knowledge in the theory of administration, 
it was possible to ask questions and generate ideas for the proposal of activities and 
hypothetical course of action of a company, in the case of this project, ideas are 
proposed based on the main activities carried out regularly and the needs of a 
company to make a considerable income to settle as an organization. 
 
It is worth mentioning that one of the objectives of this project is that the reader 
can reflect when reading the proposals and can create his own opinion on the 
subject, it is possible that a person can structure an even more detailed, precise and 
convenient solution, for this reason it is important to share the reasoning with the 
rest of the people present, so that they can generate similar ideas in their own 
projects and companies that they chose. 
 
The main values that were put into practice during the elaboration of this 
project were, for example, responsibility, for knowing the task that was assigned to 
us and knowing how to manage time in our favor to fulfill the activity; solidarity, 
knowing the strengths of each member of the team and taking them into account 
when preparing the sections of the project; and lastly, the teamwork, for the way in 
which we were able to reach an agreement regarding the selection of the company 
and how we were able to contribute to each part of the evidence for a better job. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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2. Theoretical Framework 
 
2.1 Management: 
 
Management includes the planning, organizing, leading, and controlling of 
human and other resources to achieve organizational goals effectively and 
efficiently. A capable and good manager can recognize how to handle efficiency and 
effectiveness. Efficiency is a measure of how well or how productively resources are 
used to achieve a goal and efficacy measure of the appropriateness of the goals an 
organization is pursuing and the degree to which the organization achieves those 
goals. Knowing that, a manager finds the way to choose the right goals to pursue 
and makes good use of the resources to achieve the goals, a product/service that 
satisfies quality and price that customers can afford. 
3. Management Process 
3.1 Planning 
During this step, the manager has to choose appropriate organizational goals 
and courses of action to best achieve those goals. The main activity is to decide 
which goals the organization will the company pursue, then decide what strategies 
to adopt to attain those goals and finally decide how to allocate organizational 
resources. Managers identify and select appropriate organizational goals and 
develop strategies for how to achieve high performance. 
3.1.1 Decision-making 
In this step, a detailed analysis of the information collected is carried out on 
what is needed and what is to be achieved. Observation of the market is equally 
important since it is the environment in which the performance of a company will be 
measured. especially knowing how the market will react to the decisions made by 
the company. 
3.1.2 Qualities of effective plans: 
o Can work based on the future state of the company. 
o Know how to handle the change of the environment and have 
flexibility. 
o They are based on reliable information previously obtained 
 
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3.1.3 SWOT analysis 
The SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis is 
used to evaluate company’s competitive position andto develop strategic planning. 
SWOT analysis assesses internal and external factors, as well as current and future 
potential. A SWOT analysis is designed to facilitate a realistic, fact-based, data-
driven look at the strengths and weaknesses of an organization, initiatives, or within 
its industry. The organization needs to keep the analysis accurate by avoiding pre-
conceived beliefs or gray areas and instead focusing on real-life contexts. 
3.2 Organizing 
Structuring working relationships so organizational members interact and 
cooperate to achieve organizational goals. This phase implies managers deciding 
how best to organize resources, particularly human resources, studying the way they 
interact and work effectively. An organizational structure is a formal system of task 
and reporting relationships that coordinates and motivates organizational members 
so that they work together to achieve organizational goals. 
3.2.1 Corporate level: It consists of the highest management’s decisions of 
the company, focused on achieving the mission settled by the organization, and 
objectives in general. It is based on strategies and the plan of the business. 
3.2.2 Business or Division level: It focuses on the long-term side of the 
objectives; it promotes strategies and methods to achieve a series of corporate goals 
using the units they dispose to surpass their competitors. 
 
3.2.3 Functional level: It is oriented to a constant improvement of the 
functions of the organization, and thus the company can perform the tasks (such as 
producing goods) more effectively, increasing quality and better use of resources, 
the managers need to know how to adapt it to their own section. 
 
 
 
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3.3 Leadership 
It consists of articulating a clear vision and energizing and enabling 
organizational members, so they understand the part they play in achieving 
organizational goals. It involves managers using their power, personality, influence, 
persuasion, and communication skills to coordinate people and groups. It revolves 
around stimulating all employees to perform at a high level, as this helps the 
organization achieve its vision and goals 
3.3.1 Qualities of effective leaders 
o They know the qualities of co-workers and know how to take 
advantage of them when distributing tasks. 
o They are empathic and able to understand the problems of the 
people around them. 
o It is easy for them to delegate tasks and motivate employees while 
doing it. 
3.4 Controlling 
Evaluating how well an organization is achieving its goals and taking action 
to maintain or improve performance. Managers monitor performance of individuals, 
departments, and the whole organization to determine if they are meeting 
performance standards. The outcome of the control process is the ability to measure 
performance accurately and regulate organizational efficiency and effectiveness. 
3.4.1 Set performance standards: The administrator must establish what 
standards must be met, they must be clear and easy to measure, that way they can 
interpret the performance quickly. 
3.4.2 Measure actual performance: The performance that is measured 
currently to have it registered in order to compare with another period of time or 
department of the same company. 
3.4.3 Compare actual performance with standards: The administrator 
analyzes if the performance obtained was enough to meet the established standards 
and recognize what he will do based on the result. 
3.4.4 Take corrective actions: Necessary changes that must be made to 
have a better performance based on the previous results of our comparison. 
 
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4. Mazak, OPTIMAQ International 
 
Yamazaki Mazak Corporation is a Japanese machine tool builder based in 
Oguchi, Japan. In the United States, Russia and the UK it is known as Mazak. 
From this company derives the company Optimaq International, which has been 
active in the metal-mechanical market for over 13 years, supplying the most 
advanced manufacturing solutions for the automotive, construction, aerospace, 
energy, high mass production, medical, and general manufacturing industries. 
Mazak offers manufacturing solutions through support, attention, sale and 
development of machining projects with the most technologically advanced CNC 
(Computer Numerical Control) machine tools, such as: 
• Multitasking 
• Vertical machining centers 
• Horizontal machining centers 
• Additive manufacturing machines 
• Gear generation 
• Special machines 
 
 
4.1 Administrative Process 
 
4.1.1 Planning 
Being a company that creates machinery used by companies of a commonly 
high level, Mazak considers how to distribute its branches through the most 
convenient areas internationally. The company dominates the market for the solution 
of needs in its products quite well because it sees the future of demand, they have 
been able to work on machinery that simplifies their procurement and handling 
process by proposing to achieve the greatest possible efficiency, both in sales and 
machine performance. They plan to have an outstanding productivity and versatility, 
studying the market and investing time and resources to innovate the machinery 
industry. 
 
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4.1.2 Organizing 
 
Mazak has managed Optimaq properly since it was able to establish itself 
internationally, currently the connection that the branches have between them is 
excellent to generate an even performance in each of the nations, the way in which 
they have been able to work together and organized speaks quite well of the 
administration they have. The company has an excellent organizational structure 
that allows them to interact internationally when it’s necessary, but at the same time 
being able to serve the local market and continue with the sale of machinery, they 
have made great progress by dividing themselves between managers in the 
countries because that helps to provide a fast and accessible solution to the client. 
 
4.1.3 Leading 
 
The entire successful business journey of Optimaq and Mazak would not have 
been possible without the intelligence of talented managers who can meet the same 
standards all over the world. They were all able to organize themselves and take the 
company to different countries having a clear motive, and in an international 
company all the branches must be equally good, so the managers know teamwork 
to achieve their goals, but they also manage a kind of “international teamwork”, since 
they work with the same goal in mind, but a different way of executing their activities, 
adapting to any context and market of each country. 
 
4.1.4 Controlling 
 
The company maintains its control phase by registering the feedback of its 
clients, they are in charge of knowing if their machinery was capable of facilitating 
production for the company, and above all, recognizing if there are errors or 
problems when programming the equipment. They usually have as a standard to 
provide the most accessible solution, being considered as the first option when 
machines like these are needed. 
 
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Once they have understood the needs of the market in which they are located, 
it only remains to provide the information that will guide consumers to understand 
what they need and the reason why Optimaq is able to provide the company with 
modern and capable equipment, a lot of companies need a basic guide to start 
producing the goods they want, that’s why Mazak can measure the performance of 
different companies and tell the managers what is the best for them. 
 
 
5. Strategies to achieve a competitive advantage 
 
 
• Some companies are looking to expand their operations in other areas, it 
would be a good idea if Mazak could provide information for companies that 
do not yet have production activities, or anything related to the use of 
machinery. In this way, the managers of the company can establisha base 
about what they need to start their new business mechanics. 
 
• Some people are not familiar with the operation of such specialized and 
complex machines, Optimaq's sales division could help the common citizen 
with a brief explanation of how such machinery operates, not only so that he 
can understand it, but also opens the opportunity to see the company as 
something reliable and simple, which gives the company a good reputation. 
 
• Mazak could indirectly interact with potential customers through marketing 
using another company as an example. Assuming there is a company that 
relies on Optimaq's services, Mazak can form an advertising alliance with that 
company to make the rest of the market recognize that the machinery being 
sold is reliable and that many companies choose to buy their equipment. 
 
• Finally, even though Optimaq's company is dedicated to providing Mazak 
machinery to businesses, some consumers may not be aware of the 
relationship between the two companies, it would be better if the Mazak name 
 
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was directly associated with Optimaq, as that is able to inspire confidence 
and status knowing that it comes from a company with a long history. 
6. Individual Conclusions 
Danna: This project has helped me to think about how a little-known company 
can also have a way to improve for the common public, it does not necessarily have 
to have typical marketing, but it can get closer to people by making itself known with 
brief and information that is easy to understand for those who do not operate with 
the machinery. 
Jorge: The accessibility that Mazak can provide is what has positioned the 
company in such a high position, it was easy for us to learn about the company and 
I consider that to be a crucial aspect in the marketing of any company, people must 
be able to pay attention to you in a short time, and companies must have as a 
mission to make themselves known in an effective way. 
Luis: At first I didn’t understand how a company like this could be of interest 
to a businessman who has only been managing companies for a short time, but later 
I understood that for the production of any good, managers are connected to people 
who work in all kinds of areas, and it is important that as an administrator they can 
organize themselves with other people so that the experts choose to buy the most 
viable equipment. 
 
6.1 Group Conclusion 
 
Great results can be achieved in any company when managers at the national 
level are committed to fulfilling the company's mission and adapting to the change 
demanded by the market in which they work. 
Businesses are constantly changing and Optimaq's accessible services can 
give anyone a basic introduction to the machinery, as well as a support team that 
provides help during installation, operation and troubleshooting of potential user 
problems. Our team believes that the effectiveness of the company has been 
measured with the appropriate criteria and that Mazak can be an example of 
simplicity and accessibility for other companies, concentrating on priorities and 
 
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knowing closely the common client with whom they usually deal getting a good and 
deserved reputation. 
7. Annexes 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8. Survey 
 
What do you consider as the mission and vision of the company? As a 
mission, satisfying the needs of our customers by providing the most technologically 
advanced tools. And as a vision I would say being the first option for companies 
when thinking about machine tools, being leaders providing the best service and 
support in machining solutions in Mexico. 
Do you find your job motivating with the help of the other managers? 
Even when we are going through hard times, I’ve never had any problems with 
having an objective and wanting to achieve it. 
Do you think the administrative process of Optimaq is effective? Yes, I 
would change some details if I could, but I think the company is effective because of 
the way they can establish stable international relations. 
Is the controlling phase of the process reasonable to meet the 
standards? Personally, I think that Optimaq has never experienced a big problem 
with the quality of the machinery, so I would say the managers measure the 
performance really well. 
Could you mention some values that you see the company promotes? 
 
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In my case, teamwork has become a key part for our work, the way we are able to 
make agreements with other co-workers and understand each other is what helps 
us the most to follow the objectives we have, we can have problems with people 
outside our company, but the support of the people working here is what makes the 
managers clear their mind. 
What would you recommend to anyone wanting to approach Optimaq’s 
services? 
You can always ask for help to our company’s support section, and you can look up 
information that can help you understand how we manage our sales and production, 
it is really easy to understand since the information we manage is good and brief. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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9. Bibliography 
 
Jones G. R., George J. M. (2019) Administración contemporánea. Décima edición. 
 McGraw-Hill Interamericana Editores, S. A. de C. V. 
Marulanda Valencia, F. A., Montoya Restrepo, I. A., & Vélez Restrepo, J. M. 
 (2014). Aportes teóricos y empíricos al estudio del emprendedor. 
 Cuadernos de Administración (Universidad del Valle), 30(51), 89-99 
Sobre mazak. (2022b). Mazak. Recuperado 10 de mayo de 2022, de 
https://www.mazak.com/es/about-mazak/ 
Sobre nosotros. (2018). Optimaq S.A. de C.V. Recuperado 10 de mayo de 2022, 
 de https://www.optimaq.com.mx/sobre-nosotros/