<div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/2240e445-702c-4ef6-8882-52bcea176d4a/bg1.png"><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">R<span class="blank"> </span>esum<span class="blank"> </span>en</div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y2 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">L<span class="blank _0"> </span>os a<span class="blank _1"></span>utor<span class="blank _1"></span>es describen por<span class="blank _1"></span>m<span class="blank _0"> </span>enor<span class="blank _1"></span>iz<span class="blank _0"> </span>a<span class="blank _1"></span>da<span class="blank _1"></span>-</div><div class="t m1 x0 h3 y3 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">m<span class="blank _0"> </span>ente la<span class="blank _1"></span> a<span class="blank _1"></span>na<span class="blank _1"></span>tom<span class="blank _0"> </span>ía<span class="blank _1"></span> del pie no sólo desde</div><div class="t m2 x0 h3 y4 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">el punto de v<span class="blank _0"> </span>ista<span class="blank _1"></span> est<span class="blank _0"> </span>á<span class="blank _2"></span>tico sino ta<span class="blank _1"></span>m<span class="blank _0"> </span>bién di-</div><div class="t m3 x0 h3 y5 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">na<span class="blank _2"></span>m<span class="blank"> </span>ic<span class="blank"> </span>o.</div><div class="t m4 x1 h3 y6 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">S<span class="blank _0"> </span>eguida<span class="blank _2"></span>m<span class="blank _0"> </span>ent<span class="blank _0"> </span>e a<span class="blank _2"></span>na<span class="blank _1"></span>liz<span class="blank _0"> </span>a<span class="blank _1"></span>n los div<span class="blank _0"> </span>er<span class="blank _1"></span>sos ejes</div><div class="t m2 x0 h3 y7 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">y<span class="blank _0"> </span> tipos de m<span class="blank _0"> </span>ov<span class="blank _0"> </span>im<span class="blank _0"> </span>ientos, a<span class="blank _1"></span>sí com<span class="blank _0"> </span>o la<span class="blank _2"></span>s<span class="blank _3"> </span> dis-</div><div class="t m5 x0 h3 y8 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tinta<span class="blank _1"></span>s f<span class="blank _0"> </span>a<span class="blank _1"></span>ses de la mar<span class="blank _2"></span>cha<span class="blank _1"></span>.</div><div class="t m6 x0 h4 y9 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">BIOMORFOLOGÍA</div><div class="t m7 x2 h5 ya ff4 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0">A</div><div class="t m8 x3 h6 ya ff5 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws6"> </div><div class="t m9 x4 h7 yb ff4 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">NATOMÍA FUNCIONAL DEL</div><div class="t ma x5 h7 yb ff4 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws7"> </div><div class="t mb x6 h7 yb ff4 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0">PIE</div><div class="t mc x7 h8 yc ff6 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">(BIOMORFOLOGÍA Y</div><div class="t md x8 h8 yc ff6 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8"> </div><div class="t mc x9 h8 yc ff6 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0">BIOMECÁNICA)</div><div class="t me x1 h9 yd ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">El tobillo y el pie forman una unidad</div><div class="t mf x0 h9 ye ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">funcional confor<span class="blank _3"> </span>me con las investiga<span class="blank _3"> </span>cio-</div><div class="t m4 x0 h9 yf ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">nes ontogénica<span class="blank _3"> </span>s, mecánicas y f<span class="blank _3"> </span>isiopatoló-</div><div class="t m1 x0 h9 y10 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">gicas. Dicha unidad f<span class="blank _3"> </span>uncional se const<span class="blank _3"> </span>i-</div><div class="t m10 x0 h9 y11 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tuye en una a<span class="blank _3"> </span>grupación de e<span class="blank _3"> </span>lementos o</div><div class="t m5 x0 h9 y12 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">unidades art<span class="blank _3"> </span>iculares que, e<span class="blank _3"> </span>nglobadas en</div><div class="t m3 x0 h9 y13 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">el «complejo artic<span class="blank _3"> </span>ular periast<span class="blank _3"> </span>ragalino», va</div><div class="t m11 x0 h9 y14 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">a incluir las art<span class="blank _3"> </span>iculaciones tibioper<span class="blank _3"> </span>o-</div><div class="t m12 x0 h9 y15 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">neoastra<span class="blank _3"> </span>galina, subastr<span class="blank _3"> </span>agalina y medio-</div><div class="t m4 x0 h9 y16 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">tarsiana<span class="blank _3"> </span>.</div><div class="t m13 xa h9 y17 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Dicho complejo art<span class="blank _3"> </span>icular será<span class="blank _3"> </span> el respon-</div><div class="t m14 x0 h9 y18 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">sable del repa<span class="blank _3"> </span>rto de las c<span class="blank _3"> </span>argas c<span class="blank _3"> </span>orporales</div><div class="t m5 x0 h9 y19 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">a travé<span class="blank _3"> </span>s de las distinta<span class="blank _3"> </span>s unidades art<span class="blank _3"> </span>icu-</div><div class="t m5 x0 h9 y1a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">lares. Por ot<span class="blank _3"> </span>ra par<span class="blank _3"> </span>te, la musculat<span class="blank _3"> </span>ura lar-</div><div class="t m14 xb h9 y1b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ga del pie será<span class="blank _3"> </span> la encar<span class="blank _3"> </span>gada de movilizar</div><div class="t m12 xb h9 y1c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">específic<span class="blank _3"> </span>amente e<span class="blank _3"> </span>stas unidades, c<span class="blank _3"> </span>orres-</div><div class="t mf xb h9 y1d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">pondiéndose sucesivame<span class="blank _3"> </span>nte la sec<span class="blank _3"> </span>uencia</div><div class="t m15 xb h9 y1e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">cinética c<span class="blank _3"> </span>on la flexoexte<span class="blank _3"> </span>nsión a nivel de</div><div class="t m16 xb h9 y1f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">la</div><div class="t m8 x1 ha y1f ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws9"> </div><div class="t m10 xc h9 y1f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">articulac<span class="blank _3"> </span>ión tibioperoneoast<span class="blank _3"> </span>ragalina</div><div class="t m17 xd hb y20 ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">REVISTA</div><div class="t m8 xe ha y20 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsa"> </div><div class="t m18 xf hb y20 ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">DE</div><div class="t m8 x10 ha y20 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsb"> </div><div class="t m19 x11 hb y20 ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">MEDICINA Y </div><div class="t m1a x12 hb y20 ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">CIRUGÍA DEL</div><div class="t m8 x13 ha y20 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsc"> </div><div class="t m4 x14 hb y20 ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">PIE</div><div class="t m3 x15 hc y21 ff7 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">L. F. LLANOS ALCÁZAR</div><div class="t m1b x15 hc y22 ff7 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">M. FERNÁNDEZ FAIRÉN</div><div class="t m1c x16 hc y23 ff7 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">M. NÚÑEZ-SAMPER PIZARROSO</div><div class="t m1d x17 h9 y2 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">(</div><div class="t m5 x18 h9 y2 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ATPA), inversión-ever<span class="blank _3"> </span>sión y listesis en</div><div class="t m2 x17 h9 y3 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">la subastra<span class="blank _3"> </span>galina y con la rot<span class="blank _3"> </span>ación en pro-</div><div class="t mf x17 h9 y4 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">nación o supinación de la mediot<span class="blank _3"> </span>arsiana.</div><div class="t mf x19 h9 y24 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Este esquema<span class="blank _3"> </span> cinemático simplificado,</div><div class="t m1e x18 h9 y25 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">que debe ser<span class="blank _3"> </span> complementado c<span class="blank _3"> </span>on los</div><div class="t m14 x17 h9 y26 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">aspectos c<span class="blank _3"> </span>inéticos del apoyo y la<span class="blank _3"> </span> marcha,</div><div class="t m1f x18 h9 y8 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">se basa en la<span class="blank _3"> </span> existencia de<span class="blank _3"> </span> una serie de</div><div class="t m1e x17 h9 y27 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">estruct<span class="blank _3"> </span>uras func<span class="blank _3"> </span>ionales (pie y tobillo,</div><div class="t m12 x17 h9 y28 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">talón, bóveda plant<span class="blank _3"> </span>ar, eminencia<span class="blank _3"> </span> digito-</div><div class="t m15 x17 h9 y29 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">plantar, e<span class="blank _3"> </span>tc.) y subest<span class="blank _3"> </span>ructur<span class="blank _3"> </span>as mecánic<span class="blank _3"> </span>as</div><div class="t m5 x17 h9 y2a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">(configura<span class="blank _3"> </span>ción y orientac<span class="blank _3"> </span>ión de las car<span class="blank _3"> </span>i-</div><div class="t m20 x17 h9 y2b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">llas articular<span class="blank _3"> </span>es, disposición y distribución</div><div class="t m1 x17 h9 y2c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">de la</div><div class="t m15 x1a h9 y2c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">cortica<span class="blank _3"> </span>l</div><div class="t m5 x1b h9 y2d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">y esponjosa de los huesos,</div><div class="t m21 x17 h9 y2e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">sistemas de r<span class="blank _3"> </span>etención o es<span class="blank _3"> </span>tabilización</div><div class="t m15 x17 h9 y2f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">osteoart<span class="blank _3"> </span>iculares, e<span class="blank _3"> </span>tc.).</div><div class="t m1 x19 h9 y30 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">El comportamiento c<span class="blank _3"> </span>inemático de e<span class="blank _3"> </span>ste</div><div class="t m15 x17 h9 y31 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">sistema funciona<span class="blank _3"> </span>l se manifiesta<span class="blank _3"> </span> por unos</div><div class="t m3 x17 h9 y32 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">movimientos, básicamente<span class="blank _3"> </span> rotat<span class="blank _3"> </span>orios, alre-</div><div class="t me x17 h9 y33 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">dedor de unos eje<span class="blank _3"> </span>s empíricos, re<span class="blank _3"> </span>specto</div><div class="t m4 x17 h9 y34 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">del propio pie o tobillo o bien respe<span class="blank _3"> </span>cto del</div><div class="t m22 x17 h9 y35 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">plano medio sagital (a<span class="blank _3"> </span>demás de los ejes</div><div class="t m12 x17 h9 y36 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">dinámicos de progre<span class="blank _3"> </span>sión de la marcha<span class="blank _3"> </span>).</div><div class="t m21 x17 h9 y37 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Dichos movimientos será<span class="blank _3"> </span>n en su caso</div><div class="t m4 x17 h9 y38 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">activos o adjuntos, .o bie<span class="blank _3"> </span>n, en su mayoría,</div><div class="t m1c x17 h9 y39 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">de rotac<span class="blank _3"> </span>ión conjunta, oblicuos </div><div class="t m1b x1c h9 y39 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">o pasivos.</div><div class="t m23 x17 h4 y3a ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Definiciones y concept<span class="blank _3"> </span>os</div><div class="t m15 x19 h4 y1e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws4">Pie:<span class="blank"> </span><span class="ff7 ws5">part<span class="blank _3"> </span>e más distal del c<span class="blank _3"> </span>uerpo huma-</span></div><div class="t m22 x17 h9 y3b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">no que sirve de sopor<span class="blank _3"> </span>te esenc<span class="blank _3"> </span>ial para la</div><div class="t m16 x1d hd y3c ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0">17</div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><div class="t m14 x1e h9 y3d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">posición humana de ort<span class="blank _3"> </span>ostatismo. Según</div><div class="t m2 x1e h9 y3e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">define VILADOT, se tr<span class="blank _3"> </span>ata de una<span class="blank _3"> </span> estruc<span class="blank _3"> </span>-</div><div class="t m4 x1e h9 y3f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tura tr<span class="blank _3"> </span>idimensional variable, bas<span class="blank _3"> </span>e del ser-</div><div class="t m2 x1e h9 y40 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">vomecanismo antigra<span class="blank _3"> </span>vitatorio, que<span class="blank _3"> </span> cons-</div><div class="t m1e x1e h9 y41 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tituye una piez<span class="blank _3"> </span>a fundament<span class="blank _3"> </span>al para la</div><div class="t m12 x1e h9 y42 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">posición bipodal y la marcha huma<span class="blank _3"> </span>na.</div><div class="t mf xf h4 y43 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Tobillo:</div><div class="t m22 x2 h9 y43 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">región del miembro infer<span class="blank _3"> </span>ior</div><div class="t m12 x1e h9 y44 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">que corre<span class="blank _3"> </span>sponde topográ<span class="blank _3"> </span>ficamente<span class="blank _3"> </span> a la</div><div class="t m20 x1e h9 y45 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">articulac<span class="blank _3"> </span>ión entre la<span class="blank _3"> </span> pierna y el pie, de la</div><div class="t m2 x1e h9 y46 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">que constituye<span class="blank _3"> </span> su componente</div><div class="t m15 x1f h9 y46 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">proximal.</div><div class="t m5 x1e h9 y47 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Es imprescindible para<span class="blank _3"> </span> realizar<span class="blank _3"> </span> las fun-</div><div class="t mf x1e h9 y48 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ciones definidas e<span class="blank _3"> </span>n el pie.</div><div class="t m20 xf h4 y49 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Talón:</div><div class="t m10 x20 h9 y4a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">región poster<span class="blank _3"> </span>ior y plantar<span class="blank _3"> </span> del</div><div class="t m4 x1e h9 y4b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">pie. Conformada<span class="blank _3"> </span> básicamente<span class="blank _3"> </span> a expensas</div><div class="t m24 x1e h9 y4c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">del calcáne<span class="blank _3"> </span>o, informa de la or<span class="blank _3"> </span>ientación es-</div><div class="t m10 x1e h9 y4d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">pacial del pie con r<span class="blank _3"> </span>especto a<span class="blank _3"> </span> la pierna.</div><div class="t m14 xc h9 y4e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Junto con la bóveda<span class="blank _3"> </span> plantar c<span class="blank _3"> </span>onstituye la</div><div class="t m14 x1e h9 y4f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">parte má<span class="blank _3"> </span>s carac<span class="blank _3"> </span>teríst<span class="blank _3"> </span>ica del pie humano.</div><div class="t m1 xf h4 y50 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Bóveda plantar:</div><div class="t m4 x21 h9 y50 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">excavac<span class="blank _3"> </span>ión tarsome-</div><div class="t m14 x1e h9 y51 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tatar<span class="blank _3"> </span>siana o conca<span class="blank _3"> </span>vidad plantar<span class="blank _3"> </span>. Se defi-</div><div class="t mf x1e h9 y52 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ne en el<span class="blank _4"> </span><span class="ff2 v1">pie en descar<span class="blank _2"></span>ga</span></div><div class="t m15 x22 h9 y53 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">por sus coorde-</div><div class="t m25 x1e h9 y54 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">nadas morfológica<span class="blank _3"> </span>s y dinámicas de</div><div class="t m20 x1e h9 y55 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">refer<span class="blank _3"> </span>encia,</div><div class="t m1 x12 h3 y55 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">y</div><div class="t me x23 h9 y55 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">en el</div><div class="t m5 x21 h3 y55 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">pie a<span class="blank _1"></span>poy<span class="blank _0"> </span>a<span class="blank _2"></span>do</div><div class="t me x24 h9 y55 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">por la</div><div class="t mf x1e h9 y56 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">adaptac<span class="blank _3"> </span>ión plástica de sus c<span class="blank _3"> </span>omponentes</div><div class="t m4 x1e h9 y57 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">arquitec<span class="blank _3"> </span>turales a<span class="blank _3"> </span> las solicitaciones me<span class="blank _3"> </span>cá-</div><div class="t m1f x1e h9 y58 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">nicas está<span class="blank _3"> </span>ticas y dinámicas c<span class="blank _3"> </span>orporales</div><div class="t m2 x1e h9 y59 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">activas y pa<span class="blank _3"> </span>sivas.</div><div class="t m13 x25 h9 y5a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Mecánicamente<span class="blank _3"> </span> se constit<span class="blank _3"> </span>uye en un sis-</div><div class="t m1b x1e h9 y5b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tema func<span class="blank _3"> </span>ional viscoelástico mer<span class="blank _3"> </span>ced a sus</div><div class="t m1 x1e h9 y5c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">componentes músculo-<span class="blank _3"> </span>tendinoso y der-</div><div class="t m26 x1e h9 y5d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">mo-aponeurót<span class="blank _3"> </span>ico, que, adapt<span class="blank _3"> </span>ándose a</div><div class="t m12 x1e h9 y5e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">las carga<span class="blank _3"> </span>s externa<span class="blank _3"> </span>s (fuer<span class="blank _3"> </span>zas) e<span class="blank _3"> </span> internas</div><div class="t m12 x1e h9 y2c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">(estré<span class="blank _3"> </span>s), rea<span class="blank _3"> </span>ccionará<span class="blank _3"> </span> frent<span class="blank _3"> </span>e a ellas par<span class="blank _3"> </span>a</div><div class="t m10 xc h9 y5f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">recuper<span class="blank _3"> </span>ar su disposición ar<span class="blank _3"> </span>quitectur<span class="blank _3"> </span>al.</div><div class="t m13 xc h9 y60 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Además, se const<span class="blank _3"> </span>ituye en un sistema<span class="blank _3"> </span> fun-</div><div class="t m14 x1e h9 y61 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">cional osteo-ligame<span class="blank _3"> </span>ntario que, a<span class="blank _3"> </span>grupado</div><div class="t m1 xc h9 y62 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">en difere<span class="blank _3"> </span>ntes unidades a<span class="blank _3"> </span>rticulare<span class="blank _3"> </span>s, le va</div><div class="t m22 xc h9 y63 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">a confer<span class="blank _3"> </span>ir su rigidez nec<span class="blank _3"> </span>esaria pa<span class="blank _3"> </span>ra so-</div><div class="t m14 xc h9 y64 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">portar la<span class="blank _3"> </span>s solicitaciones mec<span class="blank _3"> </span>ánicas.</div><div class="t m15 x25 h4 y65 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Empeine:</div><div class="t m5 x26 h9 y65 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Parte<span class="blank _3"> </span> dorsal del pie que se</div><div class="t m13 xc h9 y66 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">corresponde<span class="blank _3"> </span> con la zona de<span class="blank _3"> </span> transición e<span class="blank _3"> </span>n-</div><div class="t m2 xc h9 y67 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tre la r<span class="blank _3"> </span>egión mediotarsiana<span class="blank _3"> </span> y astra<span class="blank _3"> </span>galina.</div><div class="t m15 xc h9 y17 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Es más pronunciada e<span class="blank _3"> </span>n los pies cayos.</div><div class="t m15 x25 h4 y38 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Arco transverso:</div><div class="t m4 x21 h9 y38 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Arco de conc<span class="blank _3"> </span>avidad</div><div class="t m12 xc h9 y39 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">plantar f<span class="blank _3"> </span>ormado en el plano f<span class="blank _3"> </span>rontal por</div><div class="t m2 xc h9 y68 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">los cinco metat<span class="blank _3"> </span>arsianos, en e<span class="blank _3"> </span>l pie en des-</div><div class="t m15 x1e h9 y69 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">carga. Mer<span class="blank _3"> </span>ced a la ca<span class="blank _3"> </span>pacidad de a<span class="blank _3"> </span>bduc-</div><div class="t m1b x1e h9 y6a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ción-adducción y f<span class="blank _3"> </span>lexión-exte<span class="blank _3"> </span>nsión de los</div><div class="t m15 x1e h9 y6b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">metata<span class="blank _3"> </span>rsianos primero, c<span class="blank _3"> </span>uarto y quinto,</div><div class="t m20 x1e h9 y6c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">este ar<span class="blank _3"> </span>co puede exa<span class="blank _3"> </span>gerar<span class="blank _3"> </span>se, suprimirse o</div><div class="t m27 xc hd y6d ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0">1</div><div class="t m16 x1e hd y6d ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0">8</div><div class="t m10 x16 h9 y3d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">incluso invertirse<span class="blank _3"> </span>. Con el pie en car<span class="blank _3"> </span>ga,</div><div class="t m14 x16 h9 y3e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">desapare<span class="blank _3"> </span>ce, apoyando los c<span class="blank _3"> </span>inco metata<span class="blank _3"> </span>r-</div><div class="t m3 x16 h9 y3f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">sianos.</div><div class="t m12 x27 h9 y6e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Es producido y mantenido por<span class="blank _3"> </span> la ten-</div><div class="t m1f x16 h9 y6f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">sión y contrac<span class="blank _3"> </span>ción de los ligamentos y</div><div class="t m1 x16 h9 y70 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">músculos plantare<span class="blank _3"> </span>s (ver más a<span class="blank _3"> </span>delante)<span class="blank _3"> </span>.</div><div class="t m11 x27 h4 y71 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Eminencia digitoplantar:</div><div class="t mf x28 h9 y71 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Región</div><div class="t m22 x16 h9 y72 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">anterior<span class="blank _3"> </span> de la planta de<span class="blank _3"> </span>l pie que, con el</div><div class="t m1 x16 h9 yb ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">pie péndulo, resalt<span class="blank _3"> </span>a en forma<span class="blank _3"> </span> de abulta-</div><div class="t m1 x16 h9 y73 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">miento alarga<span class="blank _3"> </span>do transver<span class="blank _3"> </span>sal, corr<span class="blank _3"> </span>espon-</div><div class="t m21 x16 h9 y74 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">diéndose con la zona<span class="blank _3"> </span> de apoyo de las</div><div class="t m12 x16 h9 y75 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">cabeza<span class="blank _3"> </span>s metata<span class="blank _3"> </span>rsales (ve<span class="blank _3"> </span>r párr<span class="blank _3"> </span>afo ante<span class="blank _3"> </span>-</div><div class="t m2 x16 h9 y4a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">rior). Es más pr<span class="blank _3"> </span>onunciada en pies a<span class="blank _3"> </span>fectos</div><div class="t m20 x16 h9 y4b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">por procesos pa<span class="blank _3"> </span>tológicos que fa<span class="blank _3"> </span>vorezca<span class="blank _3"> </span>n</div><div class="t m12 x16 h9 y4c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">la atrof<span class="blank _3"> </span>ia de la musculatur<span class="blank _3"> </span>a plantar<span class="blank _3"> </span> y la</div><div class="t m5 x16 h9 y4d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">desestruc<span class="blank _3"> </span>turac<span class="blank _3"> </span>ión de la arquite<span class="blank _3"> </span>ctura de<span class="blank _3"> </span>l</div><div class="t m14 x16 h9 y4e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">pie, con desalineamient<span class="blank _3"> </span>o</div><div class="t mf x1c h9 y4e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">metata<span class="blank _3"> </span>rsal</div><div class="t m2 x29 h9 y4e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">y la</div><div class="t mf x16 h9 y4f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">correspondie<span class="blank _3"> </span>nte sobrec<span class="blank _3"> </span>arga de<span class="blank _3"> </span> unos me-</div><div class="t m14 x16 h9 y1 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tatar<span class="blank _3"> </span>sianos respe<span class="blank _3"> </span>cto de otr<span class="blank _3"> </span>os (ver a<span class="blank _3"> </span>linea-</div><div class="t m22 x16 h9 y76 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">miento</div><div class="t m20 x2a h9 y76 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">metata<span class="blank _3"> </span>rsal).</div><div class="t m28 x16 h4 y77 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Topografía del</div><div class="t m29 x2b h4 y77 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">pie</div><div class="t m26 x27 h4 y57 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Maléolo interno</div><div class="t m1f x2c h9 y57 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">o tibial</div><div class="t m1d x2d h3 y57 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">(</div><div class="t m2 x2e h3 y57 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">m<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank _2"></span>lleolus</div><div class="t m1c x16 h3 y58 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">m<span class="blank"> </span>edia<span class="blank _1"></span>lis):</div><div class="t m20 x2f h9 y58 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Prolongación espe<span class="blank _3"> </span>sa y aplana-</div><div class="t m14 x16 h9 y59 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">da que se dest<span class="blank _3"> </span>aca de la<span class="blank _3"> </span> extremidad t<span class="blank _3"> </span>ibial</div><div class="t m2 x16 h9 y78 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">distal. Consta de<span class="blank _3"> </span> dos parte<span class="blank _3"> </span>s: una ext<span class="blank _3"> </span>erna,</div><div class="t m16 x16 h9 y79 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">el</div><div class="t m2a x27 h3 y79 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">pilón,</div><div class="t m13 x2a h9 y79 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">gruesa y fue<span class="blank _3"> </span>rte, más o me<span class="blank _3"> </span>nos cu-</div><div class="t m1c x16 h9 y7a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">boidea, y otra</div><div class="t m22 x30 h9 y7a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">porción interna<span class="blank _3"> </span>, triangu-</div><div class="t me x16 h9 y7b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">lar, cort<span class="blank _3"> </span>a, aplasta<span class="blank _3"> </span>da transve<span class="blank _3"> </span>rsalmente<span class="blank _3"> </span>,</div><div class="t m2 x16 h9 y7c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">y como destac<span class="blank _3"> </span>ada del pilón, que se deno-</div><div class="t m1 x16 h9 yd ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">mina</div><div class="t m1c x31 h3 yd ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">m<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank _2"></span>lé<span class="blank"> </span>olo.</div><div class="t me x27 h4 y2e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Maléolo exte<span class="blank _3"> </span>rno</div><div class="t m15 x2c h9 y2e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">o peroneal</div><div class="t m1d x32 h3 y2e ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">(</div><div class="t m24 x28 h3 y2e ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">m<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank _2"></span>lleo-</div><div class="t m5 x16 h3 y2f ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">lus la<span class="blank _2"></span>t<span class="blank _3"> </span>er<span class="blank _1"></span>a<span class="blank _1"></span>lis):</div><div class="t m22 x30 h9 y2f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Prolongación distal de<span class="blank _3"> </span> la</div><div class="t m14 x16 h9 y7d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">extremidad dist<span class="blank _3"> </span>al del peroné, pa<span class="blank _3"> </span>lpable al</div><div class="t m5 x16 h9 y62 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">igual que el maléolo tibial, más robust<span class="blank _3"> </span>o</div><div class="t m2b x16 h9 y7e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">que éste y t<span class="blank _3"> </span>ambién<span class="wsd"> </span> </div><div class="t m2c x33 h9 y7e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">más prominente ha<span class="blank _3"> </span>-</div><div class="t m10 x27 h4 y65 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Tubérculos interno y ext<span class="blank _3"> </span>erno de la</div><div class="t m2d x16 h4 y66 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">cara inferior del cal<span class="blank _3"> </span>cáneo</div><div class="t m2e x2d h3 y7f ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">(pr<span class="blank _1"></span>ocessus</div><div class="t mf x16 h3 y67 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">m<span class="blank"> </span>edia<span class="blank _1"></span>lis</div><div class="t m2a x34 h3 y67 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">et</div><div class="t m10 x35 h3 y67 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">la<span class="blank _2"></span>t<span class="blank _3"> </span>er<span class="blank _1"></span>a<span class="blank _1"></span>lis tuber<span class="blank _1"></span>is ca<span class="blank _1"></span>lcanei):</div><div class="t m4 x16 h9 y17 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Corresponde<span class="blank _3"> </span>n a los verdade<span class="blank _3"> </span>ros puntos de</div><div class="t m13 x16 h9 y80 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">apoyo del calcá<span class="blank _3"> </span>neo. Sirven de inser<span class="blank _3"> </span>ción a</div><div class="t m2f x16 h9 y81 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">los</div><div class="t m3 x36 h9 y81 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">ms.</div><div class="t m5 x37 h9 y81 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">abductor de<span class="blank _3"> </span>l primer dedo, sepa<span class="blank _3"> </span>-</div><div class="t m10 x16 h9 y82 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">rador del quinto, f<span class="blank _3"> </span>lexor cort<span class="blank _3"> </span>o plantar<span class="blank _3"> </span> y</div><div class="t m1 x16 h9 y83 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">aponeurosis planta<span class="blank _3"> </span>r.</div><div class="t m30 x27 h2 y6a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Sust<span class="blank _0"> </span>ent<span class="blank _0"> </span>aculum<span class="blank _0"> </span> t<span class="blank _0"> </span>alar<span class="blank _0"> </span>e calcanei o</div><div class="t m1b x16 h9 y6b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">apófisis</div><div class="t m14 x15 h9 y6b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">medial</div><div class="t m22 x38 h9 y6b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">del calcáne<span class="blank _3"> </span>o: Apófisis</div><div class="t m15 x16 h9 y84 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">dispuesta a modo de vola<span class="blank _3"> </span>dizo en la car<span class="blank _3"> </span>a</div><div class="t m31 x1b hb y6d ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">REVISTA DE MEDICINA Y CIRUGÍA DEL PIE</div><div class="c x16 y85 w2 he"><div class="t m32 x39 hf y86 ff7 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">cia el plano distal.</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf3" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w0 h0"><div class="t m15 x0 h9 y87 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">interna de<span class="blank _3"> </span>l calcáneo, que<span class="blank _3"> </span> hace más pr<span class="blank _3"> </span>o-</div><div class="t m3 xd h9 y88 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">nunciada la conc<span class="blank _3"> </span>avidad de la misma, con-</div><div class="t m4 xd h9 y89 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tribuyendo así a<span class="blank _3"> </span> formar e<span class="blank _3"> </span>l</div><div class="t m13 x3a h3 y89 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ca<span class="blank _1"></span>na<span class="blank _1"></span>l ca<span class="blank _1"></span>lcá<span class="blank _1"></span>neo</div><div class="t m14 xd h9 y8a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">por el que discurr<span class="blank _3"> </span>en todos los eleme<span class="blank _3"> </span>ntos</div><div class="t m13 xd h9 y8b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">retroma<span class="blank _3"> </span>leolares inte<span class="blank _3"> </span>rnos en su paso ha<span class="blank _3"> </span>cia</div><div class="t m10 xd h9 y8c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">la planta del pie. Dic<span class="blank _3"> </span>ho canal se t<span class="blank _3"> </span>rans-</div><div class="t m4 xd h9 y8d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">forma en c<span class="blank _3"> </span>onducto merc<span class="blank _3"> </span>ed a la aposición</div><div class="t m33 xd h9 y8e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">del</div><div class="t m22 xc h9 y8e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">m. separador<span class="blank _3"> </span> del dedo gordo.</div><div class="t m21 x1 h4 y8f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Tubérculo externo de<span class="blank _3"> </span>l calcáneo o</div><div class="t m26 xd h4 y90 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">cresta de los pe<span class="blank _3"> </span>roneos:</div><div class="t m1 x3b h9 y90 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Situado en la</div><div class="t m13 xd h9 y91 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">cara e<span class="blank _3"> </span>xterna de<span class="blank _3"> </span>l calcáne<span class="blank _3"> </span>o, separa dos sur<span class="blank _3"> </span>-</div><div class="t m20 xd h9 y92 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">cos, uno superior o de<span class="blank _3"> </span>l tendón del m. pe-</div><div class="t m4 xd h9 y93 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">roneo late<span class="blank _3"> </span>ral cort<span class="blank _3"> </span>o, y otro infer<span class="blank _3"> </span>ior, del m.</div><div class="t m15 xd h9 y94 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">peroneo lat<span class="blank _3"> </span>eral largo.</div><div class="t m11 x1 h4 y95 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Tuberosidad posterior del c<span class="blank _3"> </span>alcá-</div><div class="t m13 xd h4 y96 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">neo:</div><div class="t m1 xe h9 y96 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Corresponde<span class="blank _3"> </span> al límite poster<span class="blank _3"> </span>ior de</div><div class="t m1 xd h9 y97 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">la gran tube<span class="blank _3"> </span>rosidad calcá<span class="blank _3"> </span>nea. Es la ca<span class="blank _3"> </span>ra</div><div class="t m4 xd h9 y98 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">posterior.</div><div class="t m26 x1 h4 y99 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Tubérculo del escafoi<span class="blank _3"> </span>des</div><div class="t m1b x3c h3 y99 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">(tuber<span class="blank _1"></span>osi-</div><div class="t m5 xd h3 y9a ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ta<span class="blank _1"></span>s ossis na<span class="blank _1"></span>v<span class="blank _0"> </span>icula<span class="blank _1"></span>r<span class="blank _1"></span>is):</div><div class="t m22 x3d h9 y9a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Prominencia del</div><div class="t m14 xd h9 y9b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">extremo inte<span class="blank _3"> </span>rno del esca<span class="blank _3"> </span>foides, palpable</div><div class="t m1 xd h9 y9c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">a travé<span class="blank _3"> </span>s de las part<span class="blank _3"> </span>es blandas, que s<span class="blank _3"> </span>irve</div><div class="t m14 xd h9 y9d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">para la inser<span class="blank _3"> </span>ción del tendón de<span class="blank _3"> </span>l m. tibial</div><div class="t m4 xd h9 y9e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">posterior.</div><div class="t m22 x1 h4 y9f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Tubérculo del cuboides:</div><div class="t m3 x3e h9 y9f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Muchas ve-</div><div class="t mf xd h9 y5a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ces palpable, e<span class="blank _3"> </span>n la cara<span class="blank _3"> </span> externa<span class="blank _3"> </span> del hue-</div><div class="t m13 x0 h9 y5b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">so. Limita poster<span class="blank _3"> </span>iormente el pr<span class="blank _3"> </span>incipio del</div><div class="t m14 x0 h9 y5c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">surco o cana<span class="blank _3"> </span>l del cuboides.</div><div class="t m34 xd h4 ya0 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Arcos transversos del pie</div><div class="t m22 x1 h4 ya1 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Definición:</div><div class="t mf x12 h9 ya1 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Excavación morf<span class="blank _3"> </span>ológica</div><div class="t mf xd h9 ya2 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">evidente de la<span class="blank _3"> </span> bóveda planta<span class="blank _3"> </span>r en sentido</div><div class="t m26 xd h9 ya3 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">transver<span class="blank _3"> </span>sal al eje longitudinal del pie,</div><div class="t m2d xd h9 ya4 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">cuya forma<span class="blank _3"> </span> recuer<span class="blank _3"> </span>da a dos tr<span class="blank _3"> </span>oncos de</div><div class="t m14 xd h9 ya5 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">cono unidos por sus bases me<span class="blank _3"> </span>nores, y en</div><div class="t m5 xd h9 ya6 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">la que se distinguen:</div><div class="t m13 x1 h3 ya7 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">a<span class="blank _2"></span>)</div><div class="t m2 x3f h9 ya7 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Un</div><div class="t m22 x40 h3 ya7 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">a<span class="blank _2"></span>rco poster<span class="blank _2"></span>ior</div><div class="t m26 x21 h9 ya7 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">formado por la</div><div class="t mf x3f h9 ya8 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">parte a<span class="blank _3"> </span>nterior de<span class="blank _3"> </span>l ensamblaje de las</div><div class="t m13 x3f h9 ya9 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tres cuña<span class="blank _3"> </span>s y el cuboides y por la pa<span class="blank _3"> </span>r-</div><div class="t m2a x3f h9 yaa ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">te</div><div class="t m15 x41 h9 yaa ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">proximal</div><div class="t m1b x26 h9 yaa ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">de las bases de<span class="blank _3"> </span> los meta-</div><div class="t m14 x3f h9 yab ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">tarsianos.</div><div class="t m35 x1 h3 yac ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">b)</div><div class="t m1 x3f h3 yac ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Un a<span class="blank _2"></span>rco a<span class="blank _2"></span>nter<span class="blank _1"></span>ior</div><div class="t m20 x42 h9 yac ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">de flecha má<span class="blank _3"> </span>s cor-</div><div class="t m20 x3f h9 yad ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ta constit<span class="blank _3"> </span>uido por las cabez<span class="blank _3"> </span>as de los</div><div class="t mf x3f h9 yae ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">cinco metat<span class="blank _3"> </span>arsianos.</div><div class="t m17 x0 hb yaf ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">REVISTA</div><div class="t m8 x25 ha yaf ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsa"> </div><div class="t m18 x43 hb yaf ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">DE</div><div class="t m8 x44 hb yaf ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 wse"> <span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fs5 ws3">MEDICINA<span class="fs2 wsf"> </span></span></div><div class="t m36 x45 hb yaf ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Y C</div><div class="t m8 x23 ha yaf ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws10"> </div><div class="t m37 x23 hb yaf ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0">I</div><div class="t m8 x46 hb yaf ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws11"> <span class="fs5 ws3">R<span class="blank _1"></span>UGÍA<span class="fs2 ws12"> </span></span></div><div class="t m38 x47 hb yaf ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">DEL PIE</div><div class="t m11 x17 h4 y87 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">BIOMECÁNICA</div><div class="t m13 x48 h3 yb0 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">a<span class="blank _2"></span>)</div><div class="t m1f x49 h9 yb0 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">El arco tr<span class="blank _3"> </span>ansverso post<span class="blank _3"> </span>erior inte-</div><div class="t mf x17 h9 yb1 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">grante de<span class="blank _3"> </span>l tronco de c<span class="blank _3"> </span>ono posterior, me<span class="blank _3"> </span>-</div><div class="t mf x4a h9 y8b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">cánicament<span class="blank _3"> </span>e estát<span class="blank _3"> </span>ico contr<span class="blank _3"> </span>ibuye a confi-</div><div class="t m1 x4a h9 y8c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">gurar y tr<span class="blank _3"> </span>ansmitir los vect<span class="blank _3"> </span>ores de f<span class="blank _3"> </span>uerza</div><div class="t mf x4a h9 y8d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">a los cinco radios, siendo z<span class="blank _3"> </span>ona de enc<span class="blank _3"> </span>ru-</div><div class="t m4 x4a h9 y8e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">cijada entr<span class="blank _3"> </span>e el pie ast<span class="blank _3"> </span>ragalino y el pie ca<span class="blank _3"> </span>l-</div><div class="t m20 x4a h9 yb2 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">cáneo. Su morfología<span class="blank _3"> </span> va a condicionar<span class="blank _3"> </span> la</div><div class="t m13 x4a h9 yb3 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">correc<span class="blank _3"> </span>ta direc<span class="blank _3"> </span>ción y alineación de los me-</div><div class="t m15 x4a h9 yc ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tatar<span class="blank _3"> </span>sianos; sirve<span class="blank _3"> </span> de prote<span class="blank _3"> </span>cción y cober-</div><div class="t m1 x4a h9 yb4 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tura a los músculos f<span class="blank _3"> </span>lexor cort<span class="blank _3"> </span>o plantar,</div><div class="t m15 x4a h9 y21 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">cuadrado plant<span class="blank _3"> </span>ar de Sylvio, flexor<span class="blank _3"> </span> largo</div><div class="t m2 x4a h9 y22 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">del dedo gordo, vasos y ne<span class="blank _3"> </span>rvios plantar<span class="blank _3"> </span>es</div><div class="t m10 x4a h9 yb5 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">y zona de tr<span class="blank _3"> </span>ánsito de est<span class="blank _3"> </span>ructur<span class="blank _3"> </span>as tendi-</div><div class="t m15 x4a h9 yb6 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">nosas extrí<span class="blank _3"> </span>nsecas del pie, a<span class="blank _3"> </span>sí como liga-</div><div class="t m14 x4a h9 yb7 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">mentos y fasc<span class="blank _3"> </span>ias.</div><div class="t m39 x48 h3 y97 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">b)</div><div class="t m13 x27 h9 y97 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">El arco tr<span class="blank _3"> </span>ansverso ant<span class="blank _3"> </span>erior inte<span class="blank _3"> </span>gran-</div><div class="t mf x4a h9 y98 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">te del tr<span class="blank _3"> </span>onco de cono ant<span class="blank _3"> </span>erior, dinámico,</div><div class="t m12 x4a h9 y51 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">interviene a<span class="blank _3"> </span> modo de ballesta se<span class="blank _3"> </span>mielíp-</div><div class="t m5 x4a h9 y52 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tica en las r<span class="blank _3"> </span>egulaciones de<span class="blank _3"> </span> las presiones</div><div class="t m25 x4a h9 y54 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">que se tra<span class="blank _3"> </span>nsmiten poster<span class="blank _3"> </span>iormente a<span class="blank _3"> </span>l</div><div class="t m2e x4a h9 y55 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">suelo.</div><div class="t m15 x48 h9 yb8 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Con el pie péndulo mantiene<span class="blank _3"> </span> su arqui-</div><div class="t m10 x4a h9 yb9 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tectur<span class="blank _3"> </span>a normal.</div><div class="t mf x48 h9 yba ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Con el pie en apoyo su alt<span class="blank _3"> </span>ura va a dis-</div><div class="t m2 x4a h9 ybb ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">minuir hasta hac<span class="blank _3"> </span>er apoyar<span class="blank _3"> </span> todas las ca<span class="blank _3"> </span>be-</div><div class="t m20 x4a h9 ybc ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">zas meta<span class="blank _3"> </span>tarsale<span class="blank _3"> </span>s en el suelo, en virt<span class="blank _3"> </span>ud de</div><div class="t m5 x4a h9 ybd ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">la elevación del pr<span class="blank _3"> </span>imero y quinto meta<span class="blank _3"> </span>-</div><div class="t m12 x4a h9 ybe ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tarsianos pa<span class="blank _3"> </span>ra rec<span class="blank _3"> </span>obrar su f<span class="blank _3"> </span>orma primi-</div><div class="t m15 x4a h9 ybf ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tiva al desapa<span class="blank _3"> </span>recer<span class="blank _3"> </span> el peso cor<span class="blank _3"> </span>poral y en</div><div class="t mf x4a h9 yc0 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">virtud de su elast<span class="blank _3"> </span>icidad, y del comport<span class="blank _3"> </span>a-</div><div class="t m22 x4a h9 yc1 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">miento de la musculat<span class="blank _3"> </span>ura intrínse<span class="blank _3"> </span>ca.</div><div class="t m3 x48 h9 yf ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">En situación bipodal está<span class="blank _3"> </span>tica la distr<span class="blank _3"> </span>ibu-</div><div class="t m13 x4a h9 y10 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ción de las car<span class="blank _3"> </span>gas que re<span class="blank _3"> </span>ciben las cabe<span class="blank _3"> </span>zas</div><div class="t m5 x4a h9 y11 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">metata<span class="blank _3"> </span>rsales es igual pa<span class="blank _3"> </span>ra todas<span class="blank _3"> </span>.</div><div class="t m4 x48 h9 yc2 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Dinámicamente la<span class="blank _3"> </span> situación cambia;<span class="blank _3"> </span> en</div><div class="t m2e x4a h9 yc3 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">el</div><div class="t m4 x48 h9 yc3 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">momento del pasó de a<span class="blank _3"> </span>poyo a carga<span class="blank _3"> </span>, se</div><div class="t m1 x4a h9 yc4 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">liberan de peso la<span class="blank _3"> </span>s cabeza<span class="blank _3"> </span>s de los meta-</div><div class="t m14 x4a h9 yc5 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tarsianos se<span class="blank _3"> </span>gundo a quinto, pasando e<span class="blank _3"> </span>sta</div><div class="t mf x4a h9 yc6 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">al primer meta<span class="blank _3"> </span>tarsiano que<span class="blank _3"> </span> se aplica c<span class="blank _3"> </span>on</div><div class="t m22 x4a h9 yc7 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">fuerza<span class="blank _3"> </span> al suelo para<span class="blank _3"> </span> iniciarse la fa<span class="blank _3"> </span>se de</div><div class="t m1 x4a h9 yc8 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">despegue de los de<span class="blank _3"> </span>dos.</div><div class="t m20 x48 h9 yc9 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Las estr<span class="blank _3"> </span>uctura<span class="blank _3"> </span>s pasivas, que mantie<span class="blank _3"> </span>nen</div><div class="t m1 x4a h9 yca ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">esta unidad a<span class="blank _3"> </span>natomofuncional, se<span class="blank _3"> </span>rían el</div><div class="t m1 x4a h9 ycb ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">anclaje de las a<span class="blank _3"> </span>rticulac<span class="blank _3"> </span>iones proximales</div><div class="t m5 x4a h9 ycc ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">intermeta<span class="blank _3"> </span>tarsiana<span class="blank _3"> </span>s con el tar<span class="blank _3"> </span>so y las es-</div><div class="t m22 x4a h9 ycd ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tructur<span class="blank _3"> </span>as ligamentosa<span class="blank _3"> </span>s, en las que ca<span class="blank _3"> </span>be</div><div class="t m2 x4a h9 y6c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">destaca<span class="blank _3"> </span>r el ligamento t<span class="blank _3"> </span>ransvers<span class="blank _3"> </span>o metata<span class="blank _3"> </span>r-</div><div class="t mf x4a h9 y1f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">siano y el de Lisfr<span class="blank _3"> </span>anc.</div><div class="t m3a x4b hd y20 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0">1</div><div class="t m8 x4c ha y20 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws13"> </div><div class="t m16 x4d hd y20 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0">9</div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf4" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w0 h0"><div class="t m15 x3f h9 yce ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Las estr<span class="blank _3"> </span>uctura<span class="blank _3"> </span>s activas</div><div class="t m8 x4e ha yce ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws14"> </div><div class="t m1f x22 h9 yce ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">vendrían con-</div><div class="t m14 xc h9 ycf ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">formadas por<span class="blank _3"> </span> las terminac<span class="blank _3"> </span>iones tendino-</div><div class="t m1f xc h9 yd0 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">sas del tibial poste<span class="blank _3"> </span>rior, perone<span class="blank _3"> </span>o latera<span class="blank _3"> </span>l</div><div class="t m12 xc h9 yd1 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">largo, los interóse<span class="blank _3"> </span>os y la porción tr<span class="blank _3"> </span>ans-</div><div class="t m15 xc h9 yd2 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">versa del<span class="blank _5"> </span>adductor</div><div class="t m1 x3d h9 yd2 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">del dedo gordo.</div><div class="t m0 xc h4 yd3 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Planos cardinales corporales</div><div class="t m22 xe h9 yd4 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Plano fronta<span class="blank _3"> </span>l: plano per<span class="blank _3"> </span>pendicular al</div><div class="t m2d xc h9 yd5 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">plano horizontal de<span class="blank _3"> </span> sustentac<span class="blank _3"> </span>ión, que</div><div class="t mf xc h9 yd6 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">corta e<span class="blank _3"> </span>l cuerpo en se<span class="blank _3"> </span>ntido later<span class="blank _3"> </span>o-later<span class="blank _3"> </span>al.</div><div class="t m14 xc h9 yd7 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Equivalente a plano c<span class="blank _3"> </span>oronal.</div><div class="t m22 xe h9 yd8 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Plano sagital:<span class="blank _3"> </span> plano perpendic<span class="blank _3"> </span>ular al</div><div class="t m2d xc h9 yd9 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">plano horizontal de<span class="blank _3"> </span> sustentac<span class="blank _3"> </span>ión, que</div><div class="t me xc h9 yda ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">corta e<span class="blank _3"> </span>l cuerpo en se<span class="blank _3"> </span>ntido anter<span class="blank _3"> </span>o-pos-</div><div class="t m4 xc h9 ydb ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">terior.</div><div class="t m4 xe h9 ydc ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Plano horizonta<span class="blank _3"> </span>l: plano para<span class="blank _3"> </span>lelo al pla-</div><div class="t mf xc h9 ydd ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">no horizontal de sust<span class="blank _3"> </span>entac<span class="blank _3"> </span>ión, que corta</div><div class="t m1 xc h9 yde ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">al cuerpo hor<span class="blank _3"> </span>izontalmente<span class="blank _3"> </span>. Equivalente</div><div class="t m5 xc h9 ydf ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">a plano tra<span class="blank _3"> </span>nsverso o tr<span class="blank _3"> </span>ansversal.</div><div class="t m29 xc h4 ye0 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Sistema ortogonal</div><div class="t m0 xc h4 y26 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">de ejes corporal<span class="blank _3"> </span>es</div><div class="t m3b x3f h9 ye1 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Eje sagital: e<span class="blank _3"> </span>je dirigido en sentido</div><div class="t m22 x4f h9 ye2 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">latero-<span class="blank _3"> </span>latera<span class="blank _3"> </span>l, comprendido en la inte<span class="blank _3"> </span>r-</div><div class="t m3 x4f h9 ye3 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">sección de los planos f<span class="blank _3"> </span>rontal y horiz<span class="blank _3"> </span>ontal,</div><div class="t m20 x4f h9 y9 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">y perpendicular<span class="blank _3"> </span> al plano sagital. Equiva-</div><div class="t m5 x4f h9 ye4 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">lente a eje<span class="blank _3"> </span> tranver<span class="blank _3"> </span>so o transve<span class="blank _3"> </span>rsal.</div><div class="t m24 x3f h9 y2c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Eje antero-<span class="blank _3"> </span>posterior<span class="blank _3"> </span>: eje dirigido en se<span class="blank _3"> </span>n-</div><div class="t m20 x4f h9 y2e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tido anter<span class="blank _3"> </span>o-poster<span class="blank _3"> </span>ior, comprendido en la</div><div class="t m14 x4f h9 y60 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">intersec<span class="blank _3"> </span>ción de los planos sagita<span class="blank _3"> </span>l y hori-</div><div class="t m2e x4f h9 y7d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">zontal, y per<span class="blank _3"> </span>pendicular al plano</div><div class="t m15 x50 h9 y61 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">frontal.</div><div class="t m15 x4f h9 y62 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Equivalente a e<span class="blank _3"> </span>je fronta<span class="blank _3"> </span>l.</div><div class="t m14 x3f h9 ye5 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Eje vertica<span class="blank _3"> </span>l: inters<span class="blank _3"> </span>ección de los planos</div><div class="t m15 x4f h9 ye6 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">frontal</div><div class="t m1 x51 h3 ye6 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">y</div><div class="t m24 x52 h9 ye6 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">sagital,</div><div class="t m1 x53 h9 ye7 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1">y<span class="ff7 ls0 ws5">perpendicular<span class="blank _3"> </span> al pla-</span></div><div class="t m12 x4f h9 y65 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">no horizontal o tr<span class="blank _3"> </span>ansverso.</div><div class="t m28 x4f h4 ye8 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Conceptos de anatomía</div><div class="t m0 x4f h4 ya8 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">funcional</div><div class="t m12 x3f h4 ye9 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Segmento:</div><div class="t m15 x54 h9 yea ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Conjunto formado por<span class="blank _3"> </span> un</div><div class="t m20 x4f h9 yeb ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">metata<span class="blank _3"> </span>rsiano y su dedo cor<span class="blank _3"> </span>respondiente<span class="blank _3"> </span>.</div><div class="t m4 x4f h9 yec ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">La prolongación a<span class="blank _3"> </span>l elemento de la se<span class="blank _3"> </span>gun-</div><div class="t m4 xc h9 yed ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">da fila del ta<span class="blank _3"> </span>rso corre<span class="blank _3"> </span>spondiente se<span class="blank _3"> </span> deno-</div><div class="t m12 x4f h9 yee ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">minará</div><div class="t m15 x55 h4 yee ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">radio.</div><div class="t m16 x4f hd y20 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2">2<span class="ls0">0</span></div><div class="t m14 x56 h9 yce ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Primer ra<span class="blank _3"> </span>dio: Unidad funcional for<span class="blank _3"> </span>ma-</div><div class="t m10 x57 h9 ycf ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">da por la primer<span class="blank _3"> </span>a cuña y el pr<span class="blank _3"> </span>imer me-</div><div class="t m14 x57 h9 yd0 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">tatar<span class="blank _3"> </span>siano.</div><div class="t m5 x56 h9 yef ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Segundo radio: Unidad f<span class="blank _3"> </span>uncional for-</div><div class="t m12 x57 h9 yf0 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">mada por la segunda<span class="blank _3"> </span> cuña y el segundo</div><div class="t m15 x57 h9 yf1 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">metata<span class="blank _3"> </span>rsiano.</div><div class="t mf x9 h9 yf2 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Tercer r<span class="blank _3"> </span>adio: Unidad funciona<span class="blank _3"> </span>l forma-</div><div class="t m22 x57 h9 yf3 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">da por la te<span class="blank _3"> </span>rcera<span class="blank _3"> </span> cuña y el te<span class="blank _3"> </span>rcer me<span class="blank _3"> </span>ta-</div><div class="t m20 x57 h9 yf4 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">tarsiano.</div><div class="t me x9 h9 yf5 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Cuarto r<span class="blank _3"> </span>adio: Formado por<span class="blank _3"> </span> el cuart<span class="blank _3"> </span>o</div><div class="t m15 x8 h9 yf6 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">metata<span class="blank _3"> </span>rsiano.</div><div class="t m1f x9 h9 yd7 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Quinto radio: For<span class="blank _3"> </span>mado por el quinto</div><div class="t m15 x8 h9 y4b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">metata<span class="blank _3"> </span>rsiano.</div><div class="t m26 x9 h4 yf7 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Eje longitudinal de<span class="blank _3"> </span>l pie:</div><div class="t m24 x2d h9 yf7 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">1) Eje que</div><div class="t mf x8 h9 yf8 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">pasa por el c<span class="blank _3"> </span>entro del a<span class="blank _3"> </span>strágalo y e<span class="blank _3"> </span>l bor-</div><div class="t m2d x57 h9 yf9 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">de exter<span class="blank _3"> </span>no del segundo meta<span class="blank _3"> </span>tarsiano.</div><div class="t m24 x57 h9 ydc ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Corresponde<span class="blank _3"> </span> con el eje de c<span class="blank _3"> </span>arga del pie e<span class="blank _3"> </span>n</div><div class="t m22 x8 h9 yfa ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">apoyo estát<span class="blank _3"> </span>ico (Ejemplo: Abduct<span class="blank _3"> </span>or del</div><div class="t m1 x57 h9 yfb ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">dedo gordo - Sepa<span class="blank _3"> </span>rador)<span class="blank _3"> </span>. 2) Pasa por<span class="blank _3"> </span> el</div><div class="t m15 x8 h9 ydf ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">centro de<span class="blank _3"> </span>l plano medio de apoyo corpo-</div><div class="t me x8 h9 yfc ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ral (sagita<span class="blank _3"> </span>l), Permite<span class="blank _3"> </span> definir los movi-</div><div class="t m2 x8 h9 yfd ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">mientos del pie respe<span class="blank _3"> </span>cto del cont<span class="blank _3"> </span>ralate<span class="blank _3"> </span>ral</div><div class="t m22 x8 h9 yfe ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">y del resto de<span class="blank _3"> </span>l cuerpo humano.</div><div class="t m14 x9 h4 y26 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Eje vert<span class="blank _3"> </span>ical de carga:</div><div class="t m35 x58 h9 y26 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Sigue el eje lon-</div><div class="t m10 x8 h9 yff ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">gitudinal de la tibia, pasa<span class="blank _3"> </span> por el cent<span class="blank _3"> </span>ro</div><div class="t m1 x8 h9 ye1 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">del astrá<span class="blank _3"> </span>galo y es ligerament<span class="blank _3"> </span>e</div><div class="t m13 x2e h9 ye1 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">medial</div><div class="t m2e x59 h9 ye1 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">al</div><div class="t m12 x8 h9 ye2 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">plano sagital bisect<span class="blank _3"> </span>or del calc<span class="blank _3"> </span>áneo. Así</div><div class="t m1 x8 h9 ye3 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">se produce un disc<span class="blank _3"> </span>reto ef<span class="blank _3"> </span>ecto de<span class="blank _3"> </span> prona-</div><div class="t m1 x8 h9 y9 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ción del talón que es<span class="blank _3"> </span> fácilmente<span class="blank _3"> </span> neutra-</div><div class="t m20 x8 h9 ye4 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">lizado por la fue<span class="blank _3"> </span>rza supinador<span class="blank _3"> </span>a genera<span class="blank _3"> </span>da</div><div class="t m1 x8 h9 y100 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">fundamenta<span class="blank _3"> </span>lmente por el músculo t<span class="blank _3"> </span>ibial</div><div class="t m1 x8 h9 ye ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">posterior.</div><div class="t m3c x8 h4 y101 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Ejes de movimient<span class="blank _3"> </span>o</div><div class="t m34 x8 h4 y102 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">de las articulaciones<span class="blank _3"> </span> del pie</div><div class="t m10 x9 h4 ya4 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Eje de la art<span class="blank _3"> </span>iculación tibioperone<span class="blank _3"> </span>o</div><div class="t m22 x8 h4 y103 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">astragalina:</div><div class="t m15 x5a h9 y103 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Dirigido oblicuamente de</div><div class="t m20 x8 h9 ya6 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">latera<span class="blank _3"> </span>l, plantar y poste<span class="blank _3"> </span>rior, a</div><div class="t m4 x5b h9 ya6 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">medial,</div><div class="t m3 x4d h9 ya6 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">dor-</div><div class="t m21 x8 h9 y37 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">sal y anter<span class="blank _3"> </span>ior, con una inclinación de</div><div class="t m1f x8 h9 y38 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">8° ± 4° r<span class="blank _3"> </span>espect<span class="blank _3"> </span>o al plano horizonta<span class="blank _3"> </span>l, y</div><div class="t m12 x8 h9 y39 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">de 84° ± 7°<span class="blank _3"> </span> respec<span class="blank _3"> </span>to al plano sagita<span class="blank _3"> </span>l.</div><div class="t me x9 h9 ye9 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Tiene tres c<span class="blank _3"> </span>omponentes vec<span class="blank _3"> </span>toriales:</div><div class="t m26 x8 h9 y104 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">a) Transver<span class="blank _3"> </span>so principal, alre<span class="blank _3"> </span>dedor del</div><div class="t m1b x8 h9 y105 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">cual se produc<span class="blank _3"> </span>e el movimiento de flexión-</div><div class="t m14 x8 h9 y106 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">extensión;<span class="blank _3"> </span> b) longitudinal (menor)<span class="blank _3"> </span>, alre-</div><div class="t m20 x8 h9 y107 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">dedor del cual se<span class="blank _3"> </span> produce el movimiento</div><div class="t m31 x5c hb yaf ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">REVISTA DE MEDICINA Y CIRUGÍA DEL PIE</div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf5" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="5"><div class="pc pc5 w0 h0"><div class="t m10 x1 h9 y108 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">de pronosupinación en e<span class="blank _3"> </span>l plano trans-</div><div class="t m1b x1 h9 y109 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">verso, y el de a<span class="blank _3"> </span>bducción-adducc<span class="blank _3"> </span>ión, en el</div><div class="t m3 x1 h9 y10a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">plano fronta<span class="blank _3"> </span>l.</div><div class="t m5 x4f h3 y8a ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Eje de la<span class="blank _1"></span> a<span class="blank _1"></span>r<span class="blank _1"></span>ticula<span class="blank _1"></span>ción suba<span class="blank _1"></span>str<span class="blank _1"></span>a<span class="blank _1"></span>ga<span class="blank _1"></span>lina<span class="blank _1"></span>:</div><div class="t m2 x1 h9 y8b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Dirigido oblicuamente de<span class="blank _3"> </span> latera<span class="blank _3"> </span>l plantar</div><div class="t m2 x1 h9 y10b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">y posterior a</div><div class="t m4 x5d h9 y8c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">medial,</div><div class="t m22 x3d h9 y8c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">dorsal y ante<span class="blank _3"> </span>rior,</div><div class="t m22 x1 h9 y8d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">con una inclinación de 42º r<span class="blank _3"> </span>especto a<span class="blank _3"> </span>l</div><div class="t m1b x5e h9 y8e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">plano horizontal, y de<span class="blank _3"> </span> 16º respect<span class="blank _3"> </span>o al pla-</div><div class="t m1c x5e h9 y10c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">no sagital.</div><div class="t m15 x4f h3 y10d ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Ejes de la<span class="blank _1"></span> a<span class="blank _1"></span>r<span class="blank _1"></span>ticula<span class="blank _1"></span>ción m<span class="blank _0"> </span>ediota<span class="blank _1"></span>r<span class="blank _1"></span>sia<span class="blank _1"></span>na<span class="blank _1"></span>:</div><div class="t m13 x5e h9 y10e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Son dos, uno oblicuo y otro longitudinal,</div><div class="t m13 x5e h9 y10f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">dirigidos ambos oblicuamente de<span class="blank _3"> </span> latera<span class="blank _3"> </span>l,</div><div class="t m13 x5e h9 y110 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">plantar y post<span class="blank _3"> </span>erior a</div><div class="t m4 x5f h9 y110 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">medial,</div><div class="t m13 x3e h9 y110 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">dorsal y an-</div><div class="t m35 x5e h9 y111 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">terior.</div><div class="t m3 x4f h9 y112 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">El eje oblicuo o de</div><div class="t m2 x5f h3 y112 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">f<span class="blank"> </span>lex<span class="blank"> </span>o-ex<span class="blank"> </span>t<span class="blank"> </span>ensión</div><div class="t m24 x24 h9 y112 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">tie-</div><div class="t m3 x5e h9 y113 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ne una inclinación de 52º r<span class="blank _3"> </span>especto a<span class="blank _3"> </span>l pla-</div><div class="t m2 x5e h9 y114 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">no horizontal, y de 57º r<span class="blank _3"> </span>espect<span class="blank _3"> </span>o al plano</div><div class="t m3d x5e h9 y115 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">sagital.</div><div class="t m20 x4f h9 y116 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">El eje longitudinal</div><div class="t m1b x42 h10 y116 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">(de r<span class="blank _1"></span>ota<span class="blank _1"></span>ción)<span class="blank _3"> </span>,<span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="ff7 ws2 v1">tiene</span></div><div class="t m14 x5e h9 y99 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">una inclinación de 15º re<span class="blank _3"> </span>specto al plano</div><div class="t m1e x5e h9 y9a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">horizontal, y de 9º r<span class="blank _3"> </span>espect<span class="blank _3"> </span>o al plano</div><div class="t m3d x5e h9 y9b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">sagital.</div><div class="t m33 x4f h9 y117 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Para</div><div class="t m3e x10 h9 y117 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">MANN</div><div class="t m3f x60 h9 y56 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">e INMAN la flexo-exte<span class="blank _3"> </span>nsión</div><div class="t m1c x5e h9 ye0 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">a este nive<span class="blank _3"> </span>l viene definida por dos e<span class="blank _3"> </span>jes pa-</div><div class="t m20 x5e h9 y118 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ralelos en el plano f<span class="blank _3"> </span>rontal, uno super<span class="blank _3"> </span>ior,</div><div class="t m3 x5e h9 y119 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">que pasa por e<span class="blank _3"> </span>l cuello astra<span class="blank _3"> </span>galino, y otro,</div><div class="t m10 x5e h9 y11a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">inferior, que lo ha<span class="blank _3"> </span>ce por el c<span class="blank _3"> </span>uerpo del</div><div class="t m40 x5e h9 y11b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws16">calcáneo:</div><div class="t mf x4f h9 y11c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">-Con el pie en</div><div class="t m1b x54 h3 y5c ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">ev<span class="blank"> </span>er<span class="blank _1"></span>sión</div><div class="t m2 x61 h9 y5c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">(con tende<span class="blank _3"> </span>ncia</div><div class="t m2e x62 h9 y5d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">a la pronación o a<span class="blank _3"> </span>planamiento) los dos</div><div class="t m14 x62 h9 y2b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ejes está<span class="blank _3"> </span>n alineados en par<span class="blank _3"> </span>alelo.</div><div class="t m15 x63 h9 y11d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">-Con los dos ejes cr<span class="blank _3"> </span>uzados</div><div class="t m24 x64 h3 y11d ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">(inv<span class="blank"> </span>er<span class="blank _1"></span>sión)</div><div class="t m4 x1e h9 y11e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">y arcos plant<span class="blank _3"> </span>ares ele<span class="blank _3"> </span>vados o pie supi-</div><div class="t m15 x62 h9 y11f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">nado, existe una<span class="blank _3"> </span> restric<span class="blank _3"> </span>ción del mo-</div><div class="t m1 x62 h9 y120 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">vimiento de flexo-e<span class="blank _3"> </span>xtensión del pie</div><div class="t m5 x1e h9 y121 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">anterior<span class="blank _3"> </span> con el medio.</div><div class="t m4 x63 h4 y32 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Barra o eje</div><div class="t m1 x5d h4 y32 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">metatarsal:</div><div class="t m14 x22 h9 y32 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Forma 50º a</div><div class="t mf x65 h9 y122 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">70º con el eje medio del pie.</div><div class="t mf x63 h4 y123 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Eje del primer<span class="blank _3"> </span> radio:</div><div class="t m13 x61 h9 y123 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Dirigido de la-</div><div class="t m14 xb h9 y124 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">teral, plant<span class="blank _3"> </span>ar .y ant<span class="blank _3"> </span>erior, al</div><div class="t mf x4e h9 y124 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">medial,</div><div class="t m3 x66 h9 y124 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">dor-</div><div class="t m13 xb h9 y125 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">sal y posterior<span class="blank _3"> </span> con una inclinación de 5º</div><div class="t m3 xb h9 y126 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">respect<span class="blank _3"> </span>o al plano horizonta<span class="blank _3"> </span>l, y de 45º res-</div><div class="t m20 xb h9 y127 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">pecto al plano sa<span class="blank _3"> </span>gital.</div><div class="t m38 xb hb yaf ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">REVISTA DE</div><div class="t m8 x11 hb yaf ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws18"> <span class="fs5 ws3">M<span class="blank _1"></span>EDICINA<span class="fs2 wsf"> </span></span></div><div class="t m41 x67 hb yaf ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Y C</div><div class="t m8 x23 ha yaf ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws19"> </div><div class="t m17 x23 hb yaf ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls4">I<span class="ls6">R</span></div><div class="t m42 x68 hb yaf ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">UGÍA</div><div class="t m8 x69 ha yaf ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1a"> </div><div class="t m3d x3d hb yaf ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">DEL </div><div class="t m1e x61 hb yaf ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls5">P<span class="ls7">I</span></div><div class="t m43 x4e hb yaf ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0">E</div><div class="t m22 x6a h4 y3d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Eje del quint<span class="blank _3"> </span>o radio:</div><div class="t m2 x6b h9 y3d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Dirigido de la-</div><div class="t m10 x6c h9 y3e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">teral, plant<span class="blank _3"> </span>ar y poste<span class="blank _3"> </span>rior a</div><div class="t mf x6d h9 y3e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">medial,</div><div class="t m3 x32 h9 y3e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">dor-</div><div class="t m1b x6c h9 y3f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">sal y anter<span class="blank _3"> </span>ior, con una inclinación de<span class="blank _3"> </span> 20º</div><div class="t m13 x6c h9 y40 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">respect<span class="blank _3"> </span>o al plano horizonta<span class="blank _3"> </span>l, y de 35º res-</div><div class="t m15 x6c h9 y41 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">pecto al plano sa<span class="blank _3"> </span>gital.</div><div class="t m14 x6a h4 y8c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Línea del talón:</div><div class="t m24 x6e h9 y10b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Se corre<span class="blank _3"> </span>sponde con la</div><div class="t m4 x6c h9 y128 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">posición del calcáne<span class="blank _3"> </span>o en el plano front<span class="blank _3"> </span>al.</div><div class="t m1 x6c h9 y129 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Su desviación respe<span class="blank _3"> </span>cto de la líne<span class="blank _3"> </span>a de la</div><div class="t m33 x6c h9 y10c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">pierna (o de<span class="blank _3"> </span> HELBING) define la a<span class="blank _3"> </span>lineación</div><div class="t m1 x6c h9 y12a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">en valgo o varo del mismo.</div><div class="t m3c x6c h4 y12b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Movimientos del</div><div class="t m29 x6 h4 y12b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">pie</div><div class="t m2d x6f h9 y12b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">(*)</div><div class="t m12 x6a h4 y12c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Flexión-ext<span class="blank _3"> </span>ensión:</div><div class="t m13 x70 h9 y12c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Movimiento en el</div><div class="t m1 x6c h9 y12d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">plano sagital. El extr<span class="blank _3"> </span>emo distal del seg-</div><div class="t m2 x4a h9 y12e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">mento considera<span class="blank _3"> </span>do se dirige planta<span class="blank _3"> </span>rmen-</div><div class="t m1 x6c h9 y12f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">te en la f<span class="blank _3"> </span>lexión, y dorsalmente e<span class="blank _3"> </span>n la ex-</div><div class="t m4 x4a h9 y130 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">tensión.</div><div class="t m44 x48 h4 y2 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Inversión-eversión:</div><div class="t m12 x6d h9 y2 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Movimiento</div><div class="t m14 x4a h9 y3 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">complejo tridimensional en el que<span class="blank _3"> </span> inter-</div><div class="t m24 x4a h9 y4 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">vienen la art<span class="blank _3"> </span>iculación del tobillo, la subas-</div><div class="t m14 x4a h9 y131 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tragalina, la<span class="blank _3"> </span> articulac<span class="blank _3"> </span>ión de Chopart<span class="blank _3"> </span> y la</div><div class="t m13 x4a h9 y132 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">de Lisfranc<span class="blank _3"> </span>. Se compone de movimientos</div><div class="t me x4a h9 y9e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">más simples que se re<span class="blank _3"> </span>alizan conjunta-</div><div class="t m1b x17 h9 yba ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">mente (f<span class="blank _3"> </span>lexo-exte<span class="blank _3"> </span>nsión, prono-supinación</div><div class="t m5 x4a h9 y133 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">y abducción-adduc<span class="blank _3"> </span>ción). Dura<span class="blank _3"> </span>nte la in-</div><div class="t m2 x17 h9 y134 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">versión, la planta<span class="blank _3"> </span> del pie se orient<span class="blank _3"> </span>a hacia</div><div class="t m5 x17 h9 y135 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">abajo y adentr<span class="blank _3"> </span>o, y, durante<span class="blank _3"> </span> la eversión,</div><div class="t m5 x17 h9 y136 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">lo hace hacia<span class="blank _3"> </span> arriba y a<span class="blank _3"> </span>fuera.</div><div class="t m10 x48 h4 y137 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Abducción-adducción:</div><div class="t m2 x58 h9 y137 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Movimiento</div><div class="t m14 x17 h9 yd ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">en el plano horizont<span class="blank _3"> </span>al. El extremo dista<span class="blank _3"> </span>l</div><div class="t m4 x17 h9 y138 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">del segmento conside<span class="blank _3"> </span>rado se dirige int<span class="blank _3"> </span>er-</div><div class="t m20 x17 h9 y139 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">na o medialmente e<span class="blank _3"> </span>n la adducción, y ex-</div><div class="t m5 x17 h9 ya0 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">terna o la<span class="blank _3"> </span>teralment<span class="blank _3"> </span>e, en la abduc<span class="blank _3"> </span>ción.</div><div class="t m22 x48 h4 y13a ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Supinación-pronación:</div><div class="t m13 x58 h9 y13a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Movimiento</div><div class="t m13 x71 h9 y7e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">complejo según un eje oblicuo re<span class="blank _3"> </span>specto a</div><div class="t m14 x17 h9 y13b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">los planos cardinales, y c<span class="blank _3"> </span>on cierto gr<span class="blank _3"> </span>ado</div><div class="t m15 x17 h9 y13c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">de movimiento en cada<span class="blank _3"> </span> uno de ellos.</div><div class="t mf x48 h9 y7f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">La supinación combina f<span class="blank _3"> </span>lexión, inver-</div><div class="t mf x71 h9 y13d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">sión y adducción.</div><div class="t m4 x19 h9 y13e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">La pronac<span class="blank _3"> </span>ión combina extensión, eve<span class="blank _3"> </span>r-</div><div class="t mf x17 h9 y127 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">sión y abducción.</div><div class="t m45 x65 h11 y13f ff7 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws17">(*)</div><div class="t m8 x63 ha y13f ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1b"> </div><div class="t m2b xc h11 y140 ff7 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Se refier<span class="blank _3"> </span>en los movimientos al plano en que suc<span class="blank _3"> </span>eden principalment<span class="blank _3"> </span>e; est<span class="blank _3"> </span>o no significa que se t<span class="blank _3"> </span>rate de<span class="blank _3"> </span> mo-</div><div class="t m2f xc h11 yed ff7 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">vimientos simples, sino que resulta<span class="blank _3"> </span>n ser la res<span class="blank _3"> </span>ultante de una<span class="blank _3"> </span> combinación compleja en e<span class="blank _3"> </span>l sentido cine-</div><div class="t m46 xc h11 y141 ff7 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">mático (así p.e<span class="blank _3"> </span>j., durante la inve<span class="blank _3"> </span>rsión, parte<span class="blank _3"> </span> del movimiento se desar<span class="blank _3"> </span>rolla en el plano fr<span class="blank _3"> </span>ontal, pero ot<span class="blank _3"> </span>ra, no).</div><div class="t m16 x72 hd yaf ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0">21</div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf6" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="6"><div class="pc pc6 w0 h0"><div class="t m14 x1e h9 y142 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Estos componente<span class="blank _3"> </span>s cinemáticos va<span class="blank _3"> </span>ria-</div><div class="t mf xa h9 y143 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">rán según el pie se<span class="blank _3"> </span> encuent<span class="blank _3"> </span>re fijo o apo-</div><div class="t m1 xa h9 y89 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">yado, o bien en desca<span class="blank _3"> </span>rga o libre.</div><div class="t m22 x1e h4 yd2 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Varo y valgo:</div><div class="t m20 x53 h9 yd2 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Posiciones de rot<span class="blank _3"> </span>ación</div><div class="t m5 xa h9 y144 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">respect<span class="blank _3"> </span>o del eje del miembro infe<span class="blank _3"> </span>rior.</div><div class="t m1 x1e h4 yf2 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Rotación conjunta de<span class="blank _3"> </span>l miembro in-</div><div class="t mf x1 h4 y145 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">ferior:</div><div class="t m12 x51 h9 yf3 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Los movimientos del miembro</div><div class="t m5 x1 h9 yf4 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">inferior, son en la<span class="blank _3"> </span> práctic<span class="blank _3"> </span>a de tipo rot<span class="blank _3"> </span>a-</div><div class="t m13 x1 h9 y146 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">torio respe<span class="blank _3"> </span>cto de los ejes<span class="blank _3"> </span> mecánicos. Esta</div><div class="t m22 xa h9 y147 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">rotación e<span class="blank _3"> </span>s adjunta o bien, como sue<span class="blank _3"> </span>le</div><div class="t mf xa h9 y148 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">suceder, c<span class="blank _3"> </span>onjunta o masiva.</div><div class="t m1 x1e h4 y149 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Posición de máxima estabili<span class="blank _3"> </span>dad ar-</div><div class="t m3 x1 h4 y14a ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">ticular:</div><div class="t m33 x51 h9 y14a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">o «close-pac<span class="blank _3"> </span>k-position». Se produ-</div><div class="t m22 x1 h9 y14b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ce durant<span class="blank _3"> </span>e la exte<span class="blank _3"> </span>nsión. La esta<span class="blank _3"> </span>bilidad</div><div class="t m2 x1 h9 y96 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">lateromedia<span class="blank _3"> </span>l se define por la<span class="blank _3"> </span> posición de</div><div class="t m2f x1 h9 y97 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">los</div><div class="t m26 x25 h9 y97 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">maleolos, en tant<span class="blank _3"> </span>o que en el plano</div><div class="t m15 x1 h9 y98 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">sagital será<span class="blank _3"> </span> ligamento dependie<span class="blank _3"> </span>nte.</div><div class="t m47 x1 h4 yfd ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Marcha</div><div class="t m2 x1e h4 yb9 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Paso:</div><div class="t m1 x51 h9 yb9 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Unidad funcional de la marc<span class="blank _3"> </span>ha</div><div class="t m2 x1 h9 y14c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">comprendida ent<span class="blank _3"> </span>re dos apoyos suc<span class="blank _3"> </span>esivos</div><div class="t mf x1 h9 y9f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">del mismo pie.</div><div class="t m20 x1e h9 y134 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Corresponde<span class="blank _3"> </span> al</div><div class="t m8 x3 ha y134 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1c"> </div><div class="t m39 x68 h9 y134 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">«gait»</div><div class="t m8 x13 ha y134 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1d"> </div><div class="t m13 x3a h9 y134 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">inglés.</div><div class="t m12 x1e h4 y14d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Fases del paso:</div><div class="t m14 x7 h9 y14d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Fase de apoyo y f<span class="blank _3"> </span>ase</div><div class="t m1c xa h9 y14e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">oscilante.</div><div class="t m48 x1e h9 y14f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">a)</div><div class="t m15 x73 h3 y150 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">F<span class="blank _2"></span>ase de a<span class="blank _2"></span>poy<span class="blank _0"> </span>o:</div><div class="t m12 x3d h9 y150 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Comprende desde</div><div class="t m14 x73 h9 y151 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">que el pie conta<span class="blank _3"> </span>cta con e<span class="blank _3"> </span>l suelo por</div><div class="t m3 x73 h9 y152 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">el talón, hasta<span class="blank _3"> </span> el despegue de<span class="blank _3"> </span> los de-</div><div class="t m24 x73 h9 y153 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">dos. Al comienzo de esta<span class="blank _3"> </span> fase e<span class="blank _3"> </span>l apo-</div><div class="t m4 x73 h9 y154 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">yo es bipodal, pasa a se<span class="blank _3"> </span>r monopodal</div><div class="t me x73 h9 y101 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">al despegar<span class="blank _3"> </span> el pie contra<span class="blank _3"> </span>latera<span class="blank _3"> </span>l, y</div><div class="t m13 x73 h9 y155 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">finaliza con un nuevo a<span class="blank _3"> </span>poyo bipodal</div><div class="t m20 x73 h9 y33 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">al contact<span class="blank _3"> </span>ar el t<span class="blank _3"> </span>alón de dicho pie de</div><div class="t m4 x73 h9 y34 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">nuevo.</div><div class="t m20 x73 h9 ya5 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Parte<span class="blank _3"> </span>s de la fase<span class="blank _3"> </span> de apoyo (Nomen-</div><div class="t m2 x73 h9 y156 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">clatura<span class="blank _3"> </span> antigua):</div><div class="t m49 x73 h9 ye8 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">1.</div><div class="t m2 x74 h9 ye8 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Contact<span class="blank _3"> </span>o de talón.</div><div class="t m49 x73 h9 y157 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">2.</div><div class="t mf x74 h9 y157 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Apoyo plantar.</div><div class="t m49 x73 h9 y158 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">3.</div><div class="t m14 x74 h9 y158 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Fase media del apoyo.</div><div class="t m49 x73 h9 yea ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">4.</div><div class="t m2 x74 h9 yea ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Despegue del t<span class="blank _3"> </span>alón.</div><div class="t m5 x73 h9 yeb ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">5. Impulso de despegue.</div><div class="t m49 x73 h9 yec ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">6.</div><div class="t m2 x74 h9 yec ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Despegue de los de<span class="blank _3"> </span>dos.</div><div class="t mf x73 h9 y159 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Parte<span class="blank _3"> </span>s de la fase<span class="blank _3"> </span> de apoyo (nomen-</div><div class="t m14 x73 h9 y15a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">clatura<span class="blank _3"> </span> moderna):</div><div class="t m16 x5e hd y20 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0">2</div><div class="t m8 xa ha y20 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1e"> </div><div class="t m16 x63 hd y20 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0">2</div><div class="t m49 x75 h9 y142 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">1.</div><div class="t m4 x76 h9 y142 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Contact<span class="blank _3"> </span>o inicial.</div><div class="t m49 x75 h9 y143 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">2.</div><div class="t m14 x76 h9 y143 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Respuesta a<span class="blank _3"> </span> la carga<span class="blank _3"> </span>.</div><div class="t m49 x75 h9 y15b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">3.</div><div class="t mf x76 h9 y89 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Fase media del apoyo.</div><div class="t m49 x75 h9 y15c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">4.</div><div class="t m1 x76 h9 y8a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Fase ter<span class="blank _3"> </span>minal del apoyo.</div><div class="t m49 x75 h9 y15d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">5.</div><div class="t m3 x76 h9 y15d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Preoscilac<span class="blank _3"> </span>ión.</div><div class="t m22 x16 h3 y15e ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">b) F<span class="blank _1"></span>a<span class="blank _2"></span>s<span class="blank _3"> </span>e oscila<span class="blank _1"></span>nte:</div><div class="t m12 x70 h9 y15f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Comprende desde</div><div class="t m20 x36 h9 yf2 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">que el pie despega<span class="blank _3"> </span> del suelo por los</div><div class="t mf x36 h9 y160 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">dedos hasta que<span class="blank _3"> </span> vuelve a cont<span class="blank _3"> </span>actar</div><div class="t m2 x36 h9 y8f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">coro el mismo por el ta<span class="blank _3"> </span>lón.</div><div class="t mf x36 h9 yf5 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Parte<span class="blank _3"> </span>s de la fase<span class="blank _3"> </span> oscilante (<span class="blank _3"> </span>nomen-</div><div class="t mf x36 h9 yf6 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">clatura<span class="blank _3"> </span> antigua):</div><div class="t m49 x36 h9 y21 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">1.</div><div class="t m13 x77 h9 y21 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Acelerac<span class="blank _3"> </span>ión.</div><div class="t m35 x36 h9 y22 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">2.</div><div class="t m20 x77 h9 y22 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Fase media de la osc<span class="blank _3"> </span>ilación.</div><div class="t m35 x36 h9 yb5 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">3.</div><div class="t m24 x77 h9 yb5 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Deceler<span class="blank _3"> </span>ación.</div><div class="t mf x36 h9 y161 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Parte<span class="blank _3"> </span>s de la fase<span class="blank _3"> </span> oscilante (<span class="blank _3"> </span>nomen-</div><div class="t m15 x36 h9 y162 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">clatura<span class="blank _3"> </span> moderna):</div><div class="t m4a x36 h9 y163 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">1.</div><div class="t m2 x31 h9 y97 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Fase inicial de la oscilac<span class="blank _3"> </span>ión.</div><div class="t m49 x36 h9 y164 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">2.</div><div class="t m14 x31 h9 y98 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Fase media de la osc<span class="blank _3"> </span>ilación.</div><div class="t m49 x36 h9 y165 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">3.</div><div class="t m14 x31 h9 y51 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Fase ter<span class="blank _3"> </span>minal de la oscilación.</div><div class="t m2e x16 h9 y166 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Durante<span class="blank _3"> </span> la fase de<span class="blank _3"> </span> oscilación, el pie apa-</div><div class="t m15 x6a h9 y167 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">rece e<span class="blank _3"> </span>n ligera posición de var<span class="blank _3"> </span>o (supina-</div><div class="t m1b x6a h9 y168 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ción), en ta<span class="blank _3"> </span>nto que durant<span class="blank _3"> </span>e la fase<span class="blank _3"> </span> de apo-</div><div class="t m12 x6a h9 yb8 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">yo posterior gir<span class="blank _3"> </span>a a la posición de valgo</div><div class="t m3 x6a h9 y169 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">(pronación)<span class="blank _3"> </span>.</div><div class="t m1f x57 h4 yba ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Abertura del paso:</div><div class="t m15 x6b h9 yba ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Ángulo que for-</div><div class="t m13 x6a h9 y133 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ma el eje longitudinal est<span class="blank _3"> </span>ático del pie c<span class="blank _3"> </span>on</div><div class="t mf x6a h9 y134 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">la línea de progr<span class="blank _3"> </span>esión del cuer<span class="blank _3"> </span>po. Apro-</div><div class="t m5 x6a h9 y135 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ximadamente es<span class="blank _3"> </span> de 15°.</div><div class="t m14 x57 h4 y7b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Longitud de paso:</div><div class="t m24 x33 h9 y7b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Distancia e<span class="blank _3"> </span>ntre dos</div><div class="t m5 x6a h9 y137 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">apoyos sucesivos de un pie. Ent<span class="blank _3"> </span>re 0,7 y</div><div class="t m3d x6a h9 yd ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">0,9</div><div class="t m14 x56 h9 yd ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">metros.</div><div class="t mf x57 h9 y2e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Corresponde<span class="blank _3"> </span> al</div><div class="t m8 x30 ha y2e ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1f"> </div><div class="t m24 x78 h9 y2e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">«step length»</div><div class="t m8 x79 ha y2e ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws20"> </div><div class="t m1c x7a h9 y2e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">inglés.</div><div class="t m3 x57 h4 y11f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Cadencia:</div><div class="t m8 x2f h12 y11f ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws21"> </div><div class="t m4b x5c h9 y11f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Número de pasos por<span class="blank _3"> </span> minu-</div><div class="t m4c x57 h4 y16a ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Tiempo de apoyo monopodal:</div><div class="t m14 x6a h9 y16b ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Tiempo que dura el apoyo sobr<span class="blank _3"> </span>e un solo</div><div class="t m22 x6a h9 y16c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">pie y que corr<span class="blank _3"> </span>esponde a la par<span class="blank _3"> </span>te media</div><div class="t m20 x6a h9 y16d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">de la fase<span class="blank _3"> </span> de apoyo de un paso. Dur<span class="blank _3"> </span>a en-</div><div class="t me x6a h9 y16e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tre 0,5 y 2 segundos. Es un pa<span class="blank _3"> </span>rámetr<span class="blank _3"> </span>o</div><div class="t m45 x6a h9 y156 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">i</div><div class="t m21 x48 h9 y125 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">mportante<span class="blank _3"> </span> del paso por su par<span class="blank _3"> </span>ticular</div><div class="t m1b x6a h9 y126 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">sensibilidad a las anomalías de<span class="blank _3"> </span>l mismo.</div><div class="t m1e x57 h4 y16f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Eje dinámico del pie<span class="blank _3"> </span>:</div><div class="t mf x7b h9 y16f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Línea re<span class="blank _3"> </span>sul-</div><div class="t m4 x18 h9 y170 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tante de<span class="blank _3"> </span> las presiones r<span class="blank _3"> </span>egistrada<span class="blank _3"> </span>s sobre la</div><div class="t m14 x18 h9 y171 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">planta del pie a lo lar<span class="blank _3"> </span>go de un paso. Pa<span class="blank _3"> </span>r-</div><div class="t mf x18 h9 y172 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">tiendo del borde e<span class="blank _3"> </span>xterno de<span class="blank _3"> </span>l talón, sigue</div><div class="t mf x18 h9 y140 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">el borde inter<span class="blank _3"> </span>no del terc<span class="blank _3"> </span>er meta<span class="blank _3"> </span>tarsiano,</div><div class="t m10 x18 h9 y173 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">y hace un bucle ha<span class="blank _3"> </span>cia adent<span class="blank _3"> </span>ro pasando</div><div class="t m22 x18 h9 y15a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">entre e<span class="blank _3"> </span>l segundo y el primer de<span class="blank _3"> </span>do.</div><div class="t m43 x15 hb y174 ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">REVISTA DE MEDICINA Y CIRUGÍA DEL PIE</div><div class="c x6a y175 w3 h13"><div class="t m4d x39 h14 y176 ff7 fsa fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">to. Entre 90 y 120.</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf7" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="7"><div class="pc pc7 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x39 y177 w4 h15" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/2240e445-702c-4ef6-8882-52bcea176d4a/bg7.png"><div class="t m31 x25 h16 y3d ff3 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws22">BIBLIOGRAFÍA</div><div class="t m35 x7c h16 y3d ff3 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws23">(Biomorfologí<span class="blank _3"> </span>a<span class="blank _7"> </span>del<span class="blank"> </span>pie)</div><div class="t m4e x5e h17 y89 ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0">1.</div><div class="t m8 xa ha y89 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws29"> </div><div class="t m16 xc h17 y89 ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">BLAUVELT, C. T. y NELSON, F. R. T.:</div><div class="t m8 x7d ha y89 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2a"> </div><div class="t m2b x1f h18 y89 ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">A<span class="blank _8"> </span> M<span class="blank _3"> </span>a<span class="blank _1"></span>nua<span class="blank _1"></span>l of<span class="blank _0"> </span> Or<span class="blank _1"></span>thopa<span class="blank _1"></span>edir<span class="blank _1"></span> T<span class="blank _0"> </span>er<span class="blank _1"></span>m<span class="blank _0"> </span>inology<span class="blank _0"> </span>. (3ª.</div><div class="t m8 x7e h19 y89 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2b"> </div><div class="t m1a x6d hd y89 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">edic. The C. V.</div><div class="t m16 xc hd yb1 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Mosby Comp. St. Louis (1985) (Pp. 185-<span class="blank _3"> </span>196) y (228-233)<span class="blank _3"> </span>.</div><div class="t m38 x65 h17 y178 ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0">2.</div><div class="t m8 xa ha y178 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2c"> </div><div class="t m38 xc h17 y178 ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">FENEIS, H.</div><div class="t m8 x7f ha y178 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2d"> </div><div class="t m27 x80 h1a y178 ff2 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0">:</div><div class="t m8 x52 h19 y178 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2e"> </div><div class="t m35 x81 h18 y178 ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">N<span class="blank _3"> </span>om<span class="blank _0"> </span>enc<span class="blank _3"> </span>la<span class="blank _2"></span>t<span class="blank _3"> </span>ur<span class="blank _1"></span>a<span class="blank _1"></span> a<span class="blank _2"></span>natóm<span class="blank _3"> </span>ica<span class="blank _1"></span> ilustr<span class="blank _1"></span>a<span class="blank _1"></span>da<span class="blank _1"></span>.</div><div class="t m8 x6c h19 y178 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2f"> </div><div class="t m46 x71 hd yf0 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Ed. Salvat, Bar<span class="blank _3"> </span>celona (1983)<span class="blank _3"> </span>.</div><div class="t m38 x5e h17 y15f ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0">3.</div><div class="t m46 xc h17 y15f ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">FRANKEL, V. H. y NORDIN, M.:</div><div class="t m2b x3c h18 y15f ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">B<span class="blank _0"> </span>a<span class="blank _2"></span>s<span class="blank _3"> </span>ic B<span class="blank _0"> </span>iom<span class="blank _0"> </span>echa<span class="blank _1"></span>nics of<span class="blank _0"> </span> the<span class="blank _3"> </span> S<span class="blank _0"> </span>k<span class="blank _0"> </span>eleta<span class="blank _1"></span>l S<span class="blank _0"> </span>y<span class="blank _0"> </span>stem<span class="blank _0"> </span>.</div><div class="t m4f x2b hd y179 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Lea Febiger<span class="blank _3"> </span>. Phila-</div><div class="t m39 xc hd y17a ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">delphia (1977).</div><div class="t m3d x65 h17 y160 ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0">4.</div><div class="t m1a xc h17 y160 ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">HELAL, B y WILSON, D.:</div><div class="t m43 x14 h18 y160 ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">T<span class="blank _3"> </span>he F<span class="blank _1"></span>oot.</div><div class="t m2b x1f hd y160 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Churchill Livingstone. London, (<span class="blank _3"> </span>1988). (Pp. 75-201)<span class="blank _3"> </span>.</div><div class="t m38 x5e h17 yb3 ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0">5.</div><div class="t m8 x63 ha yb3 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws30"> </div><div class="t m3f xc h17 yb3 ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">MANN, A. Roger.:</div><div class="t m8 x4 ha yb3 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws31"> </div><div class="t m50 x53 h18 yb3 ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">S<span class="blank _3"> </span>urger<span class="blank _2"></span>y<span class="blank _0"> </span> of<span class="blank _0"> </span> F<span class="blank _1"></span>oot.</div><div class="t m8 x1f h19 yb3 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws32"> </div><div class="t m2b x50 hd yb3 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">The C. V. Mosby Company. St. Louis (1986). Pp. 1-64)<span class="blank _3"> </span>.</div><div class="t m31 x5e h17 yd5 ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">6. McCONAILL</div><div class="t m38 x81 h17 yd5 ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0">,</div><div class="t m50 x60 h17 y74 ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">M. A., BASMAJIAN,</div><div class="t m22 x82 h1a y74 ff2 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws24">J<span class="blank _1"></span>.</div><div class="t m35 x7d h1a y74 ff2 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws25">V<span class="blank"> </span>.:</div><div class="t m48 x83 h18 y74 ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">M<span class="blank _3"> </span>uscle<span class="blank _3"> </span>s a<span class="blank _2"></span>nd M<span class="blank _0"> </span>ov<span class="blank _0"> </span>em<span class="blank _0"> </span>ent<span class="blank _3"> </span>.</div><div class="t m3d x2f hd y74 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Krieger P<span class="blank _3"> </span>ublishing Company.</div><div class="t m1a xc hd y17b ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">New York (1977).</div><div class="t m38 x5e h17 y17c ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0">7.</div><div class="t m8 x63 ha y17c ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws30"> </div><div class="t m3e xc h17 y17c ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ORTS LLORCA, F.:</div><div class="t m8 x23 ha y17c ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws33"> </div><div class="t m40 x3 h18 y17c ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">A<span class="blank _8"> </span>na<span class="blank _2"></span>t<span class="blank _3"> </span>om<span class="blank _0"> </span>ía<span class="blank _2"></span> Hum<span class="blank _0"> </span>a<span class="blank _1"></span>na<span class="blank _1"></span>.</div><div class="t m8 x84 h19 y17c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws34"> </div><div class="t m4f x24 hd y110 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws26">Tomo</div><div class="t m8 x85 ha y110 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws35"> </div><div class="t m51 x86 hd y110 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws26">I.</div><div class="t m8 x87 ha y110 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws36"> </div><div class="t m3e x6c hd y110 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws26">Ed.</div><div class="t m8 x48 ha y110 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws37"> </div><div class="t m39 x57 hd y110 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws26">Científico-<span class="blank _3"> </span>Médica.</div><div class="t m8 x78 ha y110 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws38"> </div><div class="t m1a x88 hd y110 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Madrid (1986).</div><div class="t m3d x65 h17 y94 ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0">8.</div><div class="t m8 x63 ha y94 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws39"> </div><div class="t m2f xc h17 y94 ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">VILADOT, A. y cols.:</div><div class="t m8 x5f ha y94 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3a"> </div><div class="t m2b x42 h18 y94 ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Diez<span class="blank _0"> </span> leccione<span class="blank _3"> </span>s sobr<span class="blank _1"></span>e pa<span class="blank _1"></span>tología<span class="blank _1"></span> del</div><div class="t m8 x49 h19 y94 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3b"> </div><div class="t m52 x36 h18 y94 ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws26">pie.</div><div class="t m8 x77 h19 y94 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3c"> </div><div class="t m48 x89 hd yd8 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Ed. Toray,</div><div class="t m8 x88 ha yd8 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3d"> </div><div class="t m3e x8a h18 yd8 ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws27">S<span class="blank"> </span>.A<span class="blank _8"> </span>.</div><div class="t m8 x2c h19 yd8 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3e"> </div><div class="t m16 x6b hd yd8 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Barce<span class="blank _3"> </span>lona (1979),</div><div class="t m3e xc hd yd9 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">(pp. 1-64).</div><div class="t m3d x25 h16 y99 ff3 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">BIBLIOGRAFÍA (Arcos transversos del pie)</div><div class="t m1a x5e h17 y55 ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">1. JAHSS, M.:</div><div class="t m8 x80 ha y55 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3f"> </div><div class="t m2b x81 h18 y55 ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Disor<span class="blank _2"></span>de<span class="blank _3"> </span>r<span class="blank _1"></span>s of<span class="blank _0"> </span> the F<span class="blank _1"></span>oot.</div><div class="t m8 x8b h19 y55 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws40"> </div><div class="t m46 x8c hd y55 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">W. B. Saunders Co. (<span class="blank _3"> </span>1982).</div><div class="t m3d x65 h17 yb8 ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0">2.</div><div class="t m3e xc h17 yb8 ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">ORTS LLORCA, F.:</div><div class="t m40 x3 h18 yb8 ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">A<span class="blank _8"> </span>na<span class="blank _2"></span>t<span class="blank _3"> </span>om<span class="blank _0"> </span>ía<span class="blank _2"></span> Hum<span class="blank _0"> </span>a<span class="blank _1"></span>na<span class="blank _1"></span>.</div><div class="t m48 x24 hd y17d ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Tomo I.</div><div class="t m3e x6c hd y17d ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws26">Ed.</div><div class="t m1a x57 hd y17d ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Científico Médica<span class="blank _3"> </span>, (1984).</div><div class="t m38 x5e h17 y17e ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0">3.</div><div class="t m8 x63 ha y17e ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws30"> </div><div class="t m49 xc h17 y17e ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">PÉREZ CASAS, A.:</div><div class="t m8 x23 ha y17e ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws41"> </div><div class="t m2f x3 h18 y17e ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">A<span class="blank _8"> </span>na<span class="blank _2"></span>t<span class="blank _3"> </span>om<span class="blank _0"> </span>ía<span class="blank _2"></span> f<span class="blank _8"> </span>unciona<span class="blank _2"></span>l del a<span class="blank _1"></span>pa<span class="blank _1"></span>r<span class="blank _1"></span>a<span class="blank _2"></span>t<span class="blank _3"> </span>o locom<span class="blank _0"> </span>otor<span class="blank _1"></span>.</div><div class="t m8 x2a h19 y17e ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws42"> </div><div class="t m3e x8d hd y17e ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws26">Ed.</div><div class="t m8 x8e ha y17e ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws43"> </div><div class="t m1a x35 hd y17e ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Bailly Bailliere,</div><div class="t m8 x8f ha y17e ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws44"> </div><div class="t m1a x90 h18 y17e ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws28">S<span class="blank"> </span>.A<span class="blank _8"> </span>.</div><div class="t m8 x91 h19 y17e ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws45"> </div><div class="t m53 x92 hd y17e ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws26">(1965).</div><div class="t m53 x65 h17 y17f ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0">4.</div><div class="t m8 xa ha y17f ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws46"> </div><div class="t m49 xc h17 y17f ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">VALENTE, V.:</div><div class="t m8 x5d ha y17f ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws47"> </div><div class="t m2b x45 h18 y17f ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Or<span class="blank _2"></span>t<span class="blank _3"> </span>esis del pie.</div><div class="t m8 x3e h19 y17f ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws48"> </div><div class="t m3e x93 hd y17f ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws26">Ed.</div><div class="t m8 x94 ha y17f ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws43"> </div><div class="t m50 x8c hd y17f ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Panameric<span class="blank _3"> </span>ana (1979).</div><div class="t m38 x5e h17 y27 ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0">5.</div><div class="t m8 x63 ha y27 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2c"> </div><div class="t m39 x95 h17 y27 ff7 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">VILADOT, A.:</div><div class="t m8 x5d ha y27 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws49"> </div><div class="t m4f x45 h18 y27 ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">P<span class="blank _2"></span>atología<span class="blank _2"></span> del a<span class="blank _1"></span>ntepie.</div><div class="t m8 x96 h19 y27 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws4a"> </div><div class="t m3e x66 hd y27 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws26">Ed.</div><div class="t m8 x97 ha y27 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws43"> </div><div class="t m48 x98 hd y27 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws26">Toray,</div><div class="t m8 x99 ha y27 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws4b"> </div><div class="t md x4a h18 y27 ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">S<span class="blank _3"> </span>. A<span class="blank _8"> </span>.</div><div class="t m8 x9a h19 y27 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws4c"> </div><div class="t m53 x9 hd y27 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws26">(1984).</div><div class="t m49 x65 hb y180 ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">REVISTA DE MEDICINA Y CIRUGÍA</div><div class="t m8 x3d ha y180 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws4d"> </div><div class="t m51 x21 hb y180 ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">DEL</div><div class="t m8 x61 ha y180 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws4e"> </div><div class="t m54 x3b hb y180 ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">PIE</div><div class="t m8 x9b ha y180 ff7 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws4f"> </div><div class="t m16 x9c hd y180 ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0">23</div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div>
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