What is the purpose of the action of Tutela and when does it apply?

The purpose of the action of Tutela is to protect the fundamental constitutional rights of any person.
The action of Tutela applies when the fundamental constitutional rights of a person are violated or threatened by any public authority or private individual who provides a public service or performs public functions.
The action of Tutela is not applicable when there are other means to protect the right.
The action of Tutela can be used as a transitory mechanism to avoid irreparable harm, even if there are other means of protection.