What are the symptoms and clinical manifestations of anaphylaxis?
Cutaneous
Respiratory
Cardiovascular
Digestive
Genital
Neuropsychiatric
The cardiovascular signs can vary from accentuated tachycardia to bradycardia or arrhythmias.
Neurological symptoms can be secondary to hypoxia and include dizziness, weakness, seizures, and even a sense of 'impending death'.
The activation of mast cells is responsible for the release of several pre-formed mediators, including histamine, which can cause symptoms such as pruritus, erythema, urticaria, and angioedema.
Anaphylaxis can also follow the release of mediators after massive complement activation, which generates C3a and C5a anaphylatoxins that can activate mast cells.
The diagnosis of systemic anaphylaxis is based on the recognition of clinical manifestations, which can include urticaria, angioedema, respiratory symptoms, dizziness, syncope, and digestive symptoms.