What are the steps for practical evaluation and recognition of acute pain in cats?
Observe the animal from a distance in its cage/bed/kennel
Approach the animal calmly and open the cage/kennel while observing the animal's response
Interact with the animal by calling it by name with a soft voice and petting and/or playing while observing the animal's response
If possible, while already touching the animal, slide your hand closer to the painful area. First, try to touch it, then apply gentle pressure. Stop approaching, touching, or pressing as soon as the animal shows a behavioral response
Use a pain scale to rate the animal's pain level based on your observations
The pain assessment should be based solely on objective measurements such as blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate
Changes in facial expressions and body posture can be altered in cats experiencing pain
The behavior of cats that are comfortable should show normal facial expressions, postures, and activity after successful analgesic therapy
The intensity and duration of the inflammatory response dictate the analgesic plan