<div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/0e89c115-83e4-4bb4-9c91-820e8a915f34/bg1.png"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1 </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y5 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y6 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y7 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y8 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y9 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 ya ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 yb ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 yc ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 yd ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 ye ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 yf ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y10 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y11 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="c x3 y12 w2 h5"><div class="t m0 x4 h6 y13 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">TEMA DE LA MATERIA</div></div><div class="c x3 y14 w2 h7"><div class="t m0 x5 h4 y15 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">REPASO DE GRUPOS SANGUÍNEOS </div></div><div class="c x3 y16 w2 h8"><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y17 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">SISTEMA ABO </div></div><div class="c x3 y18 w2 h7"><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y15 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">DISCREPANCIAS ABO </div></div><div class="c x3 y19 w2 h9"><div class="t m0 x8 h4 y1a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">TÉCNICA DE NEOCITOS- QUIMERISMOS </div></div><div class="c x3 y1b w2 ha"><div class="t m0 x9 h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(campo mixto) </div></div><div class="c x3 y1d w2 h7"><div class="t m0 xa h4 y15 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ABO INMUNES </div></div><div class="c x3 y1e w2 h8"><div class="t m0 xb h4 y17 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ABO Y Rh EN TRASPLANTE ALOGÉNICO DE CPH </div></div><div class="c x3 y1f w2 hb"><div class="t m0 xc h4 y20 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">SISTEMA Rh </div></div><div class="c x3 y21 w2 hc"><div class="t m0 xd h4 y15 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">CONTROL DE CALIDAD DE HEMOCOMPONENTES </div></div><div class="c x3 y22 w2 hd"><div class="t m0 xe h4 y23 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">PANELES- MEDIOS DE REACCIÓN </div></div><div class="c x3 y24 w2 he"><div class="t m0 xf h4 y25 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">MÉTODOS ENZIMÁTICOS </div></div><div class="c x3 y26 w2 hf"><div class="t m0 x10 h4 y27 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">DIAGNÓSTICO GLOBULAR </div></div><div class="c x3 y28 w2 h10"><div class="t m0 x11 h4 y29 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">INFERENCIA CON POLIESPECÍFICO </div></div><div class="c x3 y2a w2 h11"><div class="t m0 x12 h4 y17 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">PRUEBAS DE COMPATIBILIDAD PRETRANSFUSIONAL </div></div><div class="c x3 y2b w2 hc"><div class="t m0 x13 h4 y15 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">COMPATIBILIDAD PLAQUETARIA </div></div><div class="c x3 y2c w2 h12"><div class="t m0 x14 h4 y2d ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ANEMIAS HEMOLÍTICAS AUTOINMUNES </div></div><div class="c x3 y2e w2 hc"><div class="t m0 x15 h4 y2f ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR EN GRUPOS SANGUÍNEOS </div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/0e89c115-83e4-4bb4-9c91-820e8a915f34/bg2.png"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2 </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y30 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y31 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Son de carácter heredado, localizado en estructura polimórfica de la membrana </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y32 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GR y son reconocidos por Acs específicos. Se han definido 36 sistemas, 227 </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y33 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ags y 1176 combinaciones alélicas (un alelo puede ser dominante o recesivo. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y34 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">También puede suceder que ambos alelos sean codominantes. Alg<span class="blank _0"></span>unos genes </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y35 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">tienen alelos que no codifican denominados silentes). </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y36 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Sistema de clasificación: </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y37 ff4 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">\uf0b7<span class="ff2 ls1 ws0"> <span class="fc1 ls0 ws2">CARBOHIDRATOS</span><span class="ls0">: ABO, Rh </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y38 ff4 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">\uf0b7<span class="ff2 ls1 ws0"> <span class="fc1 ls0 ws2">GLICOLÍPIDOS</span><span class="ls0">: P </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y39 ff4 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">\uf0b7<span class="ff2 ls1 ws0"> <span class="fc1 ls0 ws2">GLICOPROTEÍNAS</span><span class="ls0">: KELL, Xg, MNS, LE<span class="blank _0"></span>W<span class="blank _1"> </span>IS<span class="blank _0"></span>. </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y3a ff4 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">\uf0b7<span class="ff2 ls1 ws0"> <span class="fc1 ls0 ws2">PROTEÍNAS</span><span class="ls0">: Rh, LUTHERAN, DUFFY, KIDD, DIEGO. </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y3b ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h6 y3c ff3 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">MNS (002):<span class="ff2"> <span class="fc0">IgG + IgM </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y3d ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Constituido por 46 Ags (cromosoma 4). </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y3e ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Frecuencia: M+ N-<span class="ls2"> </span>MM 30% <span class="ls3 ws3">30%</span> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y3f ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> M+ N+ MN 50% <span class="ls2"> <span class="ls3 ws3">50%</span></span> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y40 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> M-<span class="ls2"> </span>N+ NN 20% <span class="blank _0"></span> <span class="ls3 ws3">20%</span> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y41 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> S+ s- SS 11% CAUCÁSICOS 6% RAZA </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y42 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> S+ s+ Ss 44% 24% <span class="blank _0"></span> NEGRA<span class="blank _1"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y43 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> S-<span class="ls2"> </span>s+ ss 45 % <span class="blank _0"></span> 68%<span class="blank _1"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y44 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> S-<span class="ls2"> </span>s- SuSu 0% <span class="blank _0"></span> <span class="blank _1"> </span> <span class="blank _0"></span> <span class="ls3 ws3">2%</span> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y45 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">El Ac M no suele causar RHPT, rara ocasión EHFN, Ac N no produce RHPT ni </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y46 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">EHFN, <span class="fc2">Ac S</span><span class="ls2"> <span class="ls4">y <span class="blank _1"> </span></span></span><span class="fc2">Ac s</span> pro<span class="blank _0"></span>ducen <span class="fc2 ws2">RHPT</span><span class="ls2"> <span class="ls4">y <span class="blank _1"> </span></span></span><span class="fc2 ws2">EHFN</span><span class="ls2">. </span> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y47 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h6 y48 ff3 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">P1PK (003):<span class="ff2"> <span class="fc0">IgM </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y49 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">El Ag P1 se halla en el 79% de la población, los indiv<span class="blank _0"></span>iduos que carecen de P1 </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y4a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">se denominan P2. El Ag P es de frecuencia elevada y se halla presente en los </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y4b ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">hematíes de los individuos P1 y P2. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y4c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">El precursor de P se denomina PK. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y4d ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">El <span class="fc2">Ac P</span> puede ser clínicamente significativo si su rango térmico supera los </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y4e ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">30°c. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y4f ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf3" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/0e89c115-83e4-4bb4-9c91-820e8a915f34/bg3.png"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3 </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="c x2 y50 w3 h13"><div class="t m0 xd h14 y51 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">FENOTIPO </div></div><div class="c x17 y50 w4 h13"><div class="t m0 x0 h14 y51 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A<span class="blank _0"></span>g DETECTABLE </div></div><div class="c x18 y50 w5 h13"><div class="t m0 x19 h14 y51 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">FRECUE<span class="blank _0"></span>NCIA BLANC<span class="blank _0"></span>OS<span class="blank _1"> </span> </div></div><div class="c x2 y52 w3 h15"><div class="t m0 x1a h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws4">P1<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x17 y52 w4 h15"><div class="t m0 x1b h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">P1P </div></div><div class="c x18 y52 w5 h15"><div class="t m0 x1b h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">79%<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x2 y53 w3 h15"><div class="t m0 x1a h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws4">P2<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x17 y53 w4 h15"><div class="t m0 x1c h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">P </div></div><div class="c x18 y53 w5 h15"><div class="t m0 x1b h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">29%<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x2 y54 w3 h15"><div class="t m0 x1b h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws4">PK1<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x17 y54 w4 h15"><div class="t m0 x1d h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">P PK </div></div><div class="c x18 y54 w5 h15"><div class="t m0 x1e h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">RARO </div></div><div class="c x2 y55 w3 h15"><div class="t m0 x1b h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws4">PK2<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x17 y55 w4 h15"><div class="t m0 x1a h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws4">PK<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x18 y55 w5 h15"><div class="t m0 x1e h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">RARO </div></div><div class="c x2 y56 w3 h15"><div class="t m0 x1c h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">P </div></div><div class="c x17 y56 w4 h15"><div class="t m0 x1c h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls6 ws5">--<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x18 y56 w5 h15"><div class="t m0 x1e h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">RARO </div></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y57 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h6 y58 ff3 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">LUTHERAN (005):<span class="ff2 ls2"> <span class="fc0 ls0">IgG + IgM </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y59 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Estos Ags no están bien desarrollados en el nacimiento<span class="blank _1"> </span>. Frec<span class="blank _0"></span>uencia: Lu<span class="fs3 ls7 v1">a </span><span class="ls2"> </span>8,8% </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y5a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ls3 ws3">Lu</span><span class="fs3 ws6 v1">b</span> 99,9% </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y5b ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> Lu (a- b-) In Lu </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y5c ff2 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws2">Anti-<span class="ls3">Lu<span class="fs3 ls8 ws0 v1">b </span><span class="ls2 ws0"> <span class="fc0 ls0">puede o<span class="blank _1"> </span>c<span class="blank _0"></span>asionar hemólisis intravascular. </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y5d ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h6 y5e ff3 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">KELL (006):<span class="ff2 ls2"> <span class="fc0 ls0">IgG </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h6 y5f ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Los Ags K y <span class="ff3">k (cellano)</span> son producidos por genes alélicos, dando lugar a 3 </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y60 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">fenotipos: </div><div class="t m0 x2 h6 y61 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">K+ <span class="ff3 ls3">k</span>- , K+ <span class="ff3 ls3">k</span>+, K- <span class="ff3 ls3">k</span><span class="ls9">+ </span> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h6 y62 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">El Ag <span class="ff3 ls3">k</span> (cellano) tiene una frecuencia del 99% por esta razón <span class="blank _0"></span>es raro encotrar </div><div class="t m0 x2 h6 y63 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">anti-<span class="ff3 ls3">k<span class="ls2 ws0">. </span></span><span class="ws0">El Ag K tiene una frecuencia de 9%. </span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y64 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">La sustancia precursora (KX) del Ag Kell está presente en leucocitos y<span class="blank _0"></span> HR, si </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y65 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">estos carecen de KX es McLeod (presenta una forma anormal, acantocitos y </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y66 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">vida reducida). </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y67 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Los <span class="fc2">Acs Kell </span>son <span class="fc2 ws2">IgG</span> y su producción es estimulada por Tx o embarazo. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y68 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Este Ac destruye precursores eritrocitarios en MO provocando anemia. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y69 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h6 y6a ff3 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">LEWIS (007):<span class="ff2 ls2"> <span class="fc0 ls0">IgM </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y6b ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Procede del plasma y se absorben a los GR. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y6c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Se han descripto 3 fenotipos comunes: </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y6d ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Le (a+ b-), Le (a- b+) y Le (a- b-<span class="ls6 ws5">).</span> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y6e ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Estos 3 fenotipos son el resultado de la interacción de los genes Le, H y Se. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y6f ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Los Acs del sistema Lewis pueden aglutinar los GR y activar complemento (C´) </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y70 ff2 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls2 ws7">IN<span class="ls0 ws2">-VITRO<span class="fc0 ws0">, pero </span></span>IN<span class="ls0 ws0">-VIVO <span class="fc0">tiene escasa importancia clínica por 2 razones: </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y71 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y72 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1. Los Ags solubles Le<span class="fs3 ls7 v1">a </span>y Le<span class="fs3 ws6 v1">b</span> presentes en el plasma del donante neutralizan </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y73 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">los Acs del receptor. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y74 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2. Los Ags Lewis son rápidamente desplazados de los GR del donante, los </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y75 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">cuales se transforman y adquieren un fenotipo Lewis igual que el receptor. <span class="blank _1"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y76 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf4" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/0e89c115-83e4-4bb4-9c91-820e8a915f34/bg4.png"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4 </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h6 y77 ff3 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">DUFFY (008<span class="ls6 ws5">):</span><span class="ff2 lsa"> <span class="fc0 ls0">IgG </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y78 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Se localizan en el cromosoma 1, alberga parásito de la Malaria. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y79 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Frecuencia: Fy (a+ b+) 49% 2% </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y7a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> Fy (a+ b-) 18% CAUCÁSICOS 14% RAZA </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y7b ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> Fy (a- b+) 33% 19% NEGRA </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y7c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> Fy (a- b-) 0% <span class="blank _0"></span> 65%<span class="blank _1"> </span> <span class="blank _0"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y7d ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Los <span class="fc2">Acs Fy </span>pueden activar el C´, causan <span class="fc2">reacciones Tx </span><span class="ls4">y </span><span class="fc2 ws2">EHFN</span><span class="ls2">. </span> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y7e ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Tratados con enzimas son desnaturalizados. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y7f ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h6 y80 ff3 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">KIDD (009):<span class="ff2 ls2"> <span class="fc0 ls0">IgG </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y81 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ubicado en el cromosoma 18. La proteína resultante ayuda en el trasporte de la </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y82 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">urea. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y83 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Frecuencia: Jk (a+ b-) 29% </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y84 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> Jk (a+ b+) <span class="ls3 ws3">49%</span> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y85 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> Jk (a- b+) 22% </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y86 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> Jk (a- b-) MUY RARO (ORIENTALES) </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y87 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">El <span class="fc2">Ac Jk </span>es capaz de fijar C´. Se forman como resultado de sensibili<span class="blank _0"></span>zación por </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y88 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Tx o embarazo. El título de los Acs desciende después de su form<span class="blank _0"></span>ación. Puede </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y89 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">provocar <span class="fc2 ws2">RHPT</span><span class="ls2"> <span class="ls4">y <span class="blank _1"> </span></span></span><span class="fc2 ws2">EHFN</span><span class="ls2">. </span> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y8a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h6 y8b ff3 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">DIEGO (010):<span class="ff2"> <span class="fc0">IgG </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y8c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">22 Ags localizados en proteína Banda 3. Tiene 2 funciones: interca<span class="blank _0"></span>mb<span class="blank _1"> </span>io y </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y8d ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">transporte CO2 y sostén citoesqueleto. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y8e ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Frecuencia: Di<span class="fs3 ls7 v1">a </span>< 0,01% (chinos y japoneses) </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y8f ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="lsb ws8">Di</span><span class="fs3 ws6 v1">b</span> > 99,9% </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y90 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h6 y91 ff3 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">I (027):<span class="ff2 fc0"> IgM </span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y92 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Los Ags I e i se hallan en casi todos los GR. El Ag<span class="blank _0"></span> I se encuentra en grandes </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y93 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">cantidades en los GR del adulto, pero sólo en pequeñas cantidades en los RN. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y94 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Por el contrario, en los GR del adulto hay pequeñas cantidades del Ag<span class="blank _0"></span>, y en RN </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y95 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">es muy abundante. El cambio de i a I tiene lugar durante los primeros 18 meses </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y96 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">de vida. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y97 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Los Acs son autoaglutininas de rango térmico<span class="blank _0"></span> bajo,<span class="blank _1"> </span> a menos que reaccionen a </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y98 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">30°c no son clínicamente significativos. Puede detectarse <span class="fc2">AutoAcs I NO </span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y99 ff2 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws2">patológico<span class="fc0 ws0"> en el suero de la mayoría de individuos sanos. </span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf5" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="5"><div class="pc pc5 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/0e89c115-83e4-4bb4-9c91-820e8a915f34/bg5.png"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5 </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y9a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">Los<span class="fc3 ls2 ws0"> <span class="fc0 ls0"> Ags de este siste<span class="blank _0"></span>ma se detectan sobre los GR entre la 5<span class="blank _1"> </span><span class="fs3 v2">ta </span>y<span class="blank _0"></span> 6<span class="fs3 v2">ta </span> semana </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y9b ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">del embrión y no se desarrollan completamente hasta después del nacimiento. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y9c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Esta podría ser una razón para que la <span class="fc2 ws2">EHFN</span> por incompatibilidad <span class="blank _1"> </span><span class="fc2 ws2">A<span class="blank _0"></span>BO<span class="fc0 ws0">, sea </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y9d ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">usualmente <span class="fc2 ws2">leve</span>. Durante el crecimiento, se van adicionando los azúcares </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y9e ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">terminales en la membrana del GR, dando origen a cada uno de los Ags de </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y9f ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">forma específica. Entre los 2 y 4 años de edad, los Ags A y B están </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 ya0 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">completamente desarrollados y permanecen constantes durante toda la vida. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 ya1 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Azúcares terminales: </div><div class="t m0 x2 h6 ya2 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A<span class="blank _0"></span>: ace<span class="blank _1"> </span>til-galactosamina + Fucosa. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h6 ya3 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">B: galactosa + Fucosa. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h6 ya4 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">0: Fucosa. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h6 ya5 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A<span class="blank _0"></span>B: a<span class="blank _1"> </span>cetil-galactosamina + Fucosa + galactosa + Fucosa. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 ya6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x16 h6 ya7 ff4 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws1">\uf0b7<span class="ff2 ls1 ws0"> <span class="ff3 ls0"> SUBGRUPOS DE A y B </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 ya8 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Los subtipos del grupo sanguíneo ABO se denominan subgrupos y/o </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 ya9 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">variantes. Éstos se diferencian por las cantidades de <span class="fc2">Ags A, B, 0 (H</span>) sobre </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 yaa ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">los GR. </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 yab ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Los subgrupos se reconocen más frecuentemente cuando existe una </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 yac ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">discrepancia entre la prueba globular (directa) y sérica (inversa). </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 yad ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="c xb yae w6 h16"><div class="t m0 x19 h17 yaf ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">SUBGRUPO <span class="blank _1"> </span> </div></div><div class="c xb yb0 w7 h18"><div class="t m0 x1f h17 yb1 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">DE A </div></div><div class="c x20 yb2 w8 h19"><div class="t m0 x21 h17 yb3 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">REACCIÓN EN DIR<span class="blank _1"> </span>ECTA </div></div><div class="c x22 yb2 w9 h19"><div class="t m0 x0 h17 yb3 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">REACCIÓN EN </div><div class="t m0 x23 h17 yb4 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">INVERSA </div></div><div class="c x24 yae wa h1a"><div class="t m0 x25 h17 yaf ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">SUST EN </div><div class="t m0 x26 h17 yb5 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">SALIVA </div></div><div class="c x20 yae wb h1b"><div class="t m0 x25 h17 yb6 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ANTI-A </div></div><div class="c x27 yae wc h1b"><div class="t m0 x28 h17 yb6 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws9">ANTI-<span class="lsc wsa">A1<span class="blank"> </span></span><span class="ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x17 yae wd h1b"><div class="t m0 x28 h17 yb6 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ANTI-B </div></div><div class="c x29 yae we h1b"><div class="t m0 x28 h17 yb6 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws9">ANTI-<span class="lsc wsb">AB<span class="blank"> </span></span><span class="ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x2a yae wf h1b"><div class="t m0 x28 h17 yb6 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ANTI-H </div></div><div class="c x22 yae w10 h1b"><div class="t m0 x19 h17 yb6 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GR A1 </div></div><div class="c x2b yae w11 h1b"><div class="t m0 x28 h17 yb6 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GR B </div></div><div class="c x2c yae w12 h1b"><div class="t m0 x19 h17 yb6 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GR 0 </div></div><div class="c xb yb7 w6 h1c"><div class="t m0 x2d h6 yb8 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 lsd wsc">A1<span class="blank"> </span><span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x20 yb7 wb h1c"><div class="t m0 x1f h4 yb8 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x27 yb7 wc h1c"><div class="t m0 x1f h4 yb8 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x17 yb7 wd h1c"><div class="t m0 x1f h4 yb8 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x29 yb7 we h1c"><div class="t m0 x1f h4 yb8 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x2a yb7 wf h1c"><div class="t m0 x1f h4 yb8 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x22 yb7 w10 h1c"><div class="t m0 x2e h4 yb8 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x2b yb7 w11 h1c"><div class="t m0 x26 h4 yb8 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x2c yb7 w12 h1c"><div class="t m0 x2f h4 yb8 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x24 yb7 wa h1c"><div class="t m0 x30 h4 yb8 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A, H </div></div><div class="c xb yb9 w6 h1d"><div class="t m0 x2d h6 yba ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 lsd wsc">A2<span class="blank"> </span><span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x20 yb9 wb h1d"><div class="t m0 x1f h4 yba ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x27 yb9 wc h1d"><div class="t m0 x2d h4 yba ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x17 yb9 wd h1d"><div class="t m0 x1f h4 yba ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x29 yb9 we h1d"><div class="t m0 x1f h4 yba ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x2a yb9 wf h1d"><div class="t m0 x31 h4 yba ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">2+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x22 yb9 w10 h1d"><div class="t m0 x25 h4 yba ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">-/2+ </div></div><div class="c x2b yb9 w11 h1d"><div class="t m0 x26 h4 yba ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x2c yb9 w12 h1d"><div class="t m0 x2f h4 yba ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x24 yb9 wa h1d"><div class="t m0 x30 h4 yba ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A, H </div></div><div class="c xb ybb w6 h1e"><div class="t m0 x2d h6 ybc ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 lsd wsc">A3<span class="blank"> </span><span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x20 ybb wb h1e"><div class="t m0 x32 h4 ybc ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2+ cm </div></div><div class="c x27 ybb wc h1e"><div class="t m0 x2d h4 ybc ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x17 ybb wd h1e"><div class="t m0 x1f h4 ybc ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x29 ybb we h1e"><div class="t m0 x32 h4 ybc ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2+ cm </div></div><div class="c x2a ybb wf h1e"><div class="t m0 x31 h4 ybc ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">3+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x22 ybb w10 h1e"><div class="t m0 x25 h4 ybc ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">-/2+ </div></div><div class="c x2b ybb w11 h1e"><div class="t m0 x26 h4 ybc ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x2c ybb w12 h1e"><div class="t m0 x2f h4 ybc ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x24 ybb wa h1e"><div class="t m0 x30 h4 ybc ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A, H </div></div><div class="c xb ybd w6 h1f"><div class="t m0 x2d h6 ybe ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 lsd wsc">Ax<span class="blank"> </span><span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x20 ybd wb h1f"><div class="t m0 x30 h4 ybe ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">-<span class="ls2 ws7">/+</span><span class="ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x27 ybd wc h1f"><div class="t m0 x2d h4 ybe ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x17 ybd wd h1f"><div class="t m0 x1f h4 ybe ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x29 ybd we h1f"><div class="t m0 x2f h4 ybe ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">1-<span class="ls3 ws3">2+</span><span class="ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x2a ybd wf h1f"><div class="t m0 x31 h4 ybe ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x22 ybd w10 h1f"><div class="t m0 x25 h4 ybe ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">-/2+ </div></div><div class="c x2b ybd w11 h1f"><div class="t m0 x26 h4 ybe ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x2c ybd w12 h1f"><div class="t m0 x2f h4 ybe ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x24 ybd wa h1f"><div class="t m0 x33 h4 ybe ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H </div></div><div class="c xb ybf w6 h1e"><div class="t m0 x0 h6 ybc ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A<span class="blank _0"></span>el<span class="blank _1"> </span> </div></div><div class="c x20 ybf wb h1e"><div class="t m0 x2d h4 ybc ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x27 ybf wc h1e"><div class="t m0 x2d h4 ybc ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x17 ybf wd h1e"><div class="t m0 x1f h4 ybc ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x29 ybf we h1e"><div class="t m0 x2d h4 ybc ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x2a ybf wf h1e"><div class="t m0 x31 h4 ybc ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x22 ybf w10 h1e"><div class="t m0 x25 h4 ybc ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">-/2+ </div></div><div class="c x2b ybf w11 h1e"><div class="t m0 x26 h4 ybc ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x2c ybf w12 h1e"><div class="t m0 x2f h4 ybc ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x24 ybf wa h1e"><div class="t m0 x33 h4 ybc ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H </div></div><div class="c xb yc0 w6 h20"><div class="t m0 x0 h6 yc1 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 lsd wsd">Am<span class="blank"> </span><span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x20 yc0 wb h20"><div class="t m0 x30 h4 yc1 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">-<span class="ls2 ws7">/+</span><span class="ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x27 yc0 wc h20"><div class="t m0 x2d h4 yc1 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x17 yc0 wd h20"><div class="t m0 x1f h4 yc1 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x29 yc0 we h20"><div class="t m0 x30 h4 yc1 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">-<span class="ls2 ws7">/+</span><span class="ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x2a yc0 wf h20"><div class="t m0 x31 h4 yc1 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x22 yc0 w10 h20"><div class="t m0 x26 h4 yc1 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">-<span class="ls2 ws7">/+</span><span class="ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x2b yc0 w11 h20"><div class="t m0 x26 h4 yc1 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x2c yc0 w12 h20"><div class="t m0 x2f h4 yc1 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x24 yc0 wa h20"><div class="t m0 x30 h4 yc1 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A, H </div></div><div class="c xb yc2 w6 h21"><div class="t m0 x2d h6 yc3 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 lsb ws8">Ay<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x20 yc2 wb h21"><div class="t m0 x2d h4 yc3 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x27 yc2 wc h21"><div class="t m0 x2d h4 yc3 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x17 yc2 wd h21"><div class="t m0 x1f h4 yc3 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x29 yc2 we h21"><div class="t m0 x2d h4 yc3 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x2a yc2 wf h21"><div class="t m0 x31 h4 yc3 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x22 yc2 w10 h21"><div class="t m0 x2e h4 yc3 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x2b yc2 w11 h21"><div class="t m0 x31 h4 yc3 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x2c yc2 w12 h21"><div class="t m0 x2f h4 yc3 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x24 yc2 wa h21"><div class="t m0 x30 h4 yc3 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A, H </div></div><div class="c xb yc4 w6 h22"><div class="t m0 x2e h6 yc5 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A<span class="blank _0"></span>end<span class="blank _1"> </span> </div></div><div class="c x20 yc4 wb h22"><div class="t m0 x1f h4 yc5 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">1+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x27 yc4 wc h22"><div class="t m0 x2d h4 yc5 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x17 yc4 wd h22"><div class="t m0 x1f h4 yc5 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x29 yc4 we h22"><div class="t m0 x1f h4 yc5 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">1+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x2a yc4 wf h22"><div class="t m0 x31 h4 yc5 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x22 yc4 w10 h22"><div class="t m0 x2e h4 yc5 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x2b yc4 w11 h22"><div class="t m0 x31 h4 yc5 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x2c yc4 w12 h22"><div class="t m0 x2f h4 yc5 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x24 yc4 wa h22"><div class="t m0 x33 h4 yc5 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H </div></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 yc6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf6" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="6"><div class="pc pc6 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/0e89c115-83e4-4bb4-9c91-820e8a915f34/bg6.png"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6 </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y77 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Métodos (excluidos A1 y A2): </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 yc7 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Aglutinación con anti-A y anti-AB, presencia o ausencia de anti-A1<span class="blank _1"> </span>,<span class="blank _0"></span> presencia o </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 yc8 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ausencia de A en saliva, presencia o ausencia de H en saliva, presencia de </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 yc9 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">diversas glicosil-transferasas. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 yca ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="c xd ycb w13 h23"><div class="t m0 x32 h17 ycc ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">SUBGRUPO </div><div class="t m0 x34 h17 ycd ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">DE B </div></div><div class="c x35 yce w14 h24"><div class="t m0 x36 h17 ycf ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">REACCIÓN EN DIR<span class="blank _1"> </span>ECTA </div></div><div class="c x37 yce w15 h24"><div class="t m0 x2e h17 ycf ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">REACCIÓN EN IN<span class="blank _1"> </span>VERSA </div></div><div class="c x38 ycb w16 h23"><div class="t m0 x39 h17 ycc ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">SUST EN </div><div class="t m0 x25 h17 ycd ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">SALIVA </div></div><div class="c x35 ycb w17 h25"><div class="t m0 x25 h17 yd0 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ANTI-A </div></div><div class="c x3a ycb w18 h25"><div class="t m0 x25 h17 yd0 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ANTI-B </div></div><div class="c x3b ycb w19 h25"><div class="t m0 x19 h17 yd0 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws9">ANTI-<span class="lsc wse">AB<span class="blank"> </span></span><span class="ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x3c ycb w1a h25"><div class="t m0 x25 h17 yd0 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ANTI-H </div></div><div class="c x37 ycb w1b h25"><div class="t m0 x25 h17 yd0 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GR A1 </div></div><div class="c x3d ycb w1c h25"><div class="t m0 x26 h17 yd0 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GR B </div></div><div class="c x3e ycb w1d h25"><div class="t m0 x26 h17 yd0 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GR 0 </div></div><div class="c xd yd1 w13 h26"><div class="t m0 x23 h6 yb6 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">B </div></div><div class="c x35 yd1 w17 h26"><div class="t m0 x3f h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x3a yd1 w18 h26"><div class="t m0 x30 h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x3b yd1 w19 h26"><div class="t m0 x30 h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x3c yd1 w1a h26"><div class="t m0 x3f h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x37 yd1 w1b h26"><div class="t m0 x2e h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x3d yd1 w1c h26"><div class="t m0 x0 h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x3e yd1 w1d h26"><div class="t m0 x0 h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x38 yd1 w16 h26"><div class="t m0 x31 h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">B, H </div></div><div class="c xd yd2 w13 h26"><div class="t m0 x40 h6 yb6 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 lsb ws8">B3<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x35 yd2 w17 h26"><div class="t m0 x3f h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x3a yd2 w18 h26"><div class="t m0 x25 h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1+ cm </div></div><div class="c x3b yd2 w19 h26"><div class="t m0 x25 h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2+ cm </div></div><div class="c x3c yd2 w1a h26"><div class="t m0 x30 h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x37 yd2 w1b h26"><div class="t m0 x2e h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x3d yd2 w1c h26"><div class="t m0 x0 h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x3e yd2 w1d h26"><div class="t m0 x0 h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x38 yd2 w16 h26"><div class="t m0 x31 h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">B, H </div></div><div class="c xd yd3 w13 h27"><div class="t m0 x41 h6 yd4 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 lsb ws8">Bm<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x35 yd3 w17 h27"><div class="t m0 x3f h4 yd4 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x3a yd3 w18 h27"><div class="t m0 x3f h4 yd4 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x3b yd3 w19 h27"><div class="t m0 x30 h4 yd4 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">-<span class="ls2 ws7">/+</span><span class="ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x3c yd3 w1a h27"><div class="t m0 x30 h4 yd4 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x37 yd3 w1b h27"><div class="t m0 x2e h4 yd4 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x3d yd3 w1c h27"><div class="t m0 x0 h4 yd4 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x3e yd3 w1d h27"><div class="t m0 x0 h4 yd4 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x38 yd3 w16 h27"><div class="t m0 x31 h4 yd4 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">B, H </div></div><div class="c xd yd5 w13 h28"><div class="t m0 x40 h6 yb6 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 lsb ws8">Bx<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x35 yd5 w17 h28"><div class="t m0 x3f h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x3a yd5 w18 h28"><div class="t m0 x30 h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">-<span class="ls2 ws7">/+</span><span class="ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x3b yd5 w19 h28"><div class="t m0 x31 h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">-/2+ </div></div><div class="c x3c yd5 w1a h28"><div class="t m0 x30 h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x37 yd5 w1b h28"><div class="t m0 x2e h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x3d yd5 w1c h28"><div class="t m0 x0 h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x3e yd5 w1d h28"><div class="t m0 x0 h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x38 yd5 w16 h28"><div class="t m0 x0 h4 yb6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H </div></div><div class="c xd yd6 w13 h29"><div class="t m0 x41 h6 y1c ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Bel </div></div><div class="c x35 yd6 w17 h29"><div class="t m0 x3f h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x3a yd6 w18 h29"><div class="t m0 x3f h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x3b yd6 w19 h29"><div class="t m0 x3f h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x3c yd6 w1a h29"><div class="t m0 x30 h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">3+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x37 yd6 w1b h29"><div class="t m0 x2e h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">3+<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x3d yd6 w1c h29"><div class="t m0 x0 h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x3e yd6 w1d h29"><div class="t m0 x0 h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x38 yd6 w16 h29"><div class="t m0 x0 h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H </div></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 yd7 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 yd8 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x16 h6 yd9 ff4 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws1">\uf0b7<span class="ff2 ls1 ws0"> <span class="ff3 ls0">A<span class="blank _0"></span>NTÍGENO H<span class="blank _1"> </span> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 yda ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Este Ag se encuentra sobre la membrana de los GR, excepto en las </div><div class="t m0 x16 h6 ydb ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">personas de <span class="ff3">fenotipos Bomba<span class="blank _1"> </span>y<span class="blank _0"></span> (Oh)<span class="ff2">. Como H es un precursor de A y B, </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 ydc ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">las personas de los grupos sanguíneos A, B <span class="blank _0"></span>y AB tienen menos H que las </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 ydd ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">personas 0. </div><div class="t m0 x16 h6 yde ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Orden de reactividad de anti-<span class="lsb ws8">H:<span class="blank _1"> </span></span> 0<span class="blank _0"></span> > A2 > A2B > B > A1 > A1B<span class="ff2"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 ydf ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 ye0 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x16 h6 ye1 ff4 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws1">\uf0b7<span class="ff2 ls1 ws0"> <span class="ff3 ls0">SECRETORES Y NO SECRETORES DE LOS A<span class="blank _0"></span>GS ABH<span class="blank _1"> </span> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 ye2 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Aproximadamente el 80% de las personas son secretoras de <span class="blank _1"> </span><span class="fc2">Ags A<span class="blank _0"></span>BH<span class="fc0 ls5">. La </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 ye3 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">secreción de H, A y B controlada por los alel<span class="blank _0"></span>os Se y se, del gen secretor Se. </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y8d ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">El término <span class="fc2 ws2">secretor</span> se aplica a aquellas personas <span class="fc2">(genotipo Se/Se o Se/se) </span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 ye4 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">quienes secretan Ag H con o sin A y/o B en las secreciones. </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 ye5 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Las glicoproteínas específicas de grupo se han encontrado en saliv<span class="blank _0"></span>a, líquido </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 ye6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">seminal, lágrimas, sudor, orina, jugos digestiv<span class="blank _0"></span>os, bilis, leche<span class="blank _1"> </span> materna, </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 ye7 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">líquido pleural, líquido pericárdico y peritoneal, líquido amniótico, por el </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 ye8 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">contrario, no se han encontrado Ags en LCR. </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 ye9 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">La cantidad de Ags solubles en secreciones de la misma persona, varí<span class="blank _0"></span>a </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 yea ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ampliamente. Las secreciones de los secretores con grupo 0 contienen Ag </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 yeb ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H, en tanto que las secreciones de los secretores con grupo A y/o B </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 yec ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">contienen los Ags A y H, B y H, respectivamente. Los <span class="blank _1"> </span><span class="fc2">NO secretore<span class="blank _0"></span>s <span class="fc0">con </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 yed ff2 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">genotipo (se/se) <span class="fc0">no producen Ag H soluble. </span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 yee ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 yef ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 yf0 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf7" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="7"><div class="pc pc7 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/0e89c115-83e4-4bb4-9c91-820e8a915f34/bg7.png"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">7 </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x16 h6 yf1 ff4 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws1">\uf0b7<span class="ff2 ls1 ws0"> <span class="ff3 ls0">FENOTIPO BOMBAY </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 yf2 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Se caracterizan por la <span class="fc2">ausencia de los Ags A, B y H </span>tanto sob<span class="blank _1"> </span>r<span class="blank _0"></span>e los GR </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 yf3 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">como en las secreciones, debido a la herencia de 2 genes hh en el locus H, </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 yf4 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">por lo tanto, la síntesis de los Ags A y B está bloqueada por la ausencia del </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y9a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ag H necesario para su expresión. </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y9b ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Las personas deficientes de los Ags A, B y H producen anti<span class="blank _1"> </span>-H, a<span class="blank _0"></span>nti-A y anti-</div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y9c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">B de origen natural. </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 yf5 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">En las pruebas iniciales los GR Bombay se clasifican como grupo 0. </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y9e ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws0">Los GR <span class="fc2 lsb ws8">NO</span><span class="ls0"> reaccionan con anti-A, anti-B ni anti-AB, mientras que <span class="blank _0"></span>el suero </span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y9f ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">reacciona con cells A, B, AB y 0. Por lo tanto, las pe<span class="blank _1"> </span>rso<span class="blank _0"></span>nas con el fenotipo </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 ya0 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Bombay deber ser transfundidas sólo con GR de fenotipo Bo<span class="blank _0"></span>mbay.<span class="blank _1"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 ya1 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 ya2 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc4 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 ya3 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc4 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 ya4 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws0"><span class="fc4 sc0"> </span><span class="ls0"><span class="fc4 sc0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 ya5 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws0"><span class="fc4 sc0"> </span><span class="ls0"><span class="fc4 sc0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 ya6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws0"><span class="fc4 sc0"> </span><span class="ls0"><span class="fc4 sc0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h6 yf6 ff4 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws1">\uf0b7<span class="ff2 ls1 ws0"> <span class="ff3 ls0">FENOTIPO PARABOMBAY </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 yf7 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Se caracterizan por tener GR deficientes de Ags ABH, pero a diferencia del </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 yf8 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Bombay, <span class="fc2">son secretores</span><span class="ls2">. </span> </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 yf9 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="c x42 yfa w1e h2a"><div class="t m0 x43 h4 yfb ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="c x44 yfc w1f h15"><div class="t m0 x45 h6 y1c ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">FENOTIPO </div></div><div class="c x46 yfa w20 h2a"><div class="t m0 x41 h6 yfb ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GENOTIPO </div><div class="t m0 x23 h6 yfd ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">POSIBLE </div></div><div class="c x44 yfa w21 h2b"><div class="t m0 x41 h6 yfe ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ERITROIDE </div></div><div class="c x47 yfa w22 h2b"><div class="t m0 x23 h6 yfe ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">EPITELIO </div><div class="t m0 x12 h6 yd4 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">SECRETOR </div></div><div class="c x42 yff w1e h2c"><div class="t m0 x12 h6 y100 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">SECRETOR </div></div><div class="c x44 yff w21 h2c"><div class="t m0 x34 h4 y100 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H POSITIVO </div></div><div class="c x47 yff w22 h2c"><div class="t m0 x34 h4 y100 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H POSITIVO </div></div><div class="c x46 yff w20 h2c"><div class="t m0 x2e h4 y100 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H/H, H/h, Se/Se, </div><div class="t m0 x48 h4 y101 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Se/se </div></div><div class="c x42 y102 w1e h15"><div class="t m0 x30 h6 y103 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">NO SECRETOR </div></div><div class="c x44 y102 w21 h15"><div class="t m0 x34 h4 y103 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H POSITIVO </div></div><div class="c x47 y102 w22 h15"><div class="t m0 x2d h4 y103 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H NEGATIVO </div></div><div class="c x46 y102 w20 h15"><div class="t m0 x0 h4 y103 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H/H, H/h, se/se </div></div><div class="c x42 y104 w1e h2d"><div class="t m0 x30 h6 y105 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">PARABOMBAY </div></div><div class="c x44 y104 w21 h2d"><div class="t m0 x2d h4 y105 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H NEGATIVO </div></div><div class="c x47 y104 w22 h2d"><div class="t m0 x34 h4 y105 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H POSITIVO </div></div><div class="c x46 y104 w20 h2d"><div class="t m0 x31 h4 y105 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">h/h, Se/Se, Se/se </div></div><div class="c x42 y106 w1e h15"><div class="t m0 x23 h6 y103 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">BOMBAY </div></div><div class="c x44 y106 w21 h15"><div class="t m0 x2d h4 y103 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H NEGATIVO </div></div><div class="c x47 y106 w22 h15"><div class="t m0 x2d h4 y103 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H NEGATIVO </div></div><div class="c x46 y106 w20 h15"><div class="t m0 x15 h4 y103 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">h/h, se/se </div></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y107 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y108 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y109 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y10a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y10b ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="c x49 y10c w23 h2e"><div class="t m0 x31 h4 y10d ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Los títulos de anti-A y anti-B con frecuencia están disminuidos en PACIENTES </div><div class="t m0 x1f h4 y10e ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ANCIANOS Y CON HIPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMA, por lo que puedo tipificar </div><div class="t m0 x10 h4 y10f ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">erróneamente cuando haga el grupo sérico. </div><div class="t m0 x31 h4 y110 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Los RN no producen títulos normales de anti-A y anti<span class="blank _1"> </span>-<span class="blank _0"></span>B hasta los 36 meses de </div><div class="t m0 x21 h4 y111 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">edad, alcanzando el título máximo entre los 5 a 10 años. </div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf8" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="8"><div class="pc pc8 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/0e89c115-83e4-4bb4-9c91-820e8a915f34/bg8.png"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8 </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y112 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Implica que la prueba directa <span class="fc2 lsb ws8">NO</span> <span class="blank _1"> </span>c<span class="blank _0"></span>oncuerda con la prueba inversa, al hacer la </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y113 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">clasificación sanguínea. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y114 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Los <span class="fc2">Acs ABO </span>son extremadamente eficientes en la activación de<span class="lsb">l </span><span class="fc2">C´ </span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y115 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">produciendo hemólisis <span class="fc2 ls2 ws7">IN<span class="ls0 ws2">-VIVO</span></span>. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y116 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Usualmente las causas de las discrepancias son errores técnicos, <span class="blank _1"> </span>por esto el </div><div class="t m0 x2 h6 y117 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">primer paso a seguir ante una discrepancia es <span class="ff3 fc2">REPETIR L<span class="blank _1"> </span>A<span class="blank _2"></span>S PRUEBAS<span class="ff2 fc0">. Una </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y118 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">vez se verifique que no hubo error en el proceso, se trata de establecer su </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y119 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">causa. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y11a ff2 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">ERRORES TÉCNICOS QUE PRODUCEN DISCREPANCIAS ABO: </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y11b ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">1.<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="blank _3"> </span>Falla para adicionar los reactivos y las muestras de los Px. </span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y11c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">2.<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="blank _3"> </span>Mezcla inadecuada de las muestras y los reactiv<span class="blank _0"></span>os.<span class="blank _1"> </span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y11d ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">3.<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="blank _3"> </span>Suspensión de GR con muy alta o baja concentración. </span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y11e ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4.<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="blank _3"> </span>Sub o sobrecentrifugación de las pruebas. </span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y11f ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">5.<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="blank _3"> </span>Error en la identificación de las muestras. </span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y120 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">6.<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="blank _3"> </span>Interpretación incorrecta o registro de los resultados. </span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y121 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">7.<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="blank _3"> </span>Falla para seguir las instrucciones del fabricante. </span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y122 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y123 ff2 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">EJEMPLOS DE DISCREPANCIAS DIRECTA-INVERSA: </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y124 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="c x48 y125 w24 h2f"><div class="t m0 x32 h17 y126 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GRUPO HEM<span class="blank _1"> </span>Á<span class="blank _0"></span>TICO </div></div><div class="c x4a y127 w25 h30"><div class="t m0 x8 h17 y128 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GRUPO SÉRICO<span class="blank _1"> </span> </div></div><div class="c x4b y125 w26 h2f"><div class="t m0 x26 h17 y126 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">MOTIVOS DE DISCRE<span class="blank _1"> </span>PANCIA </div><div class="t m0 x1b h17 y129 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">POSIBLES </div></div><div class="c x4a y125 w27 h31"><div class="t m0 x23 h4 y12a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GR A1 </div></div><div class="c x4c y125 w28 h31"><div class="t m0 x15 h4 y12a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GR B </div></div><div class="c x48 y12b w24 h32"><div class="t m0 x1e h6 y12c ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A </div></div><div class="c x4a y12b w27 h32"><div class="t m0 x36 h4 y12c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+ </div></div><div class="c x4c y12b w28 h32"><div class="t m0 x36 h4 y12c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+ </div></div><div class="c x4b y12b w26 h32"><div class="t m0 x28 h4 y12c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Subgrupo de A2 con anti-<span class="ls5 ws4">A1</span> </div></div><div class="c x48 y12d w24 h33"><div class="t m0 x48 h6 y12e ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 lsd wsf">AB<span class="blank"> </span><span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x4a y12d w27 h33"><div class="t m0 x1e h4 y12e ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x4c y12d w28 h33"><div class="t m0 x36 h4 y12e ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+ </div></div><div class="c x4b y12d w26 h33"><div class="t m0 x39 h4 y12e ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">B adquirido (es realmente A) </div></div><div class="c x48 y12f w24 h34"><div class="t m0 x4d h6 y130 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">0 </div></div><div class="c x4a y12f w27 h34"><div class="t m0 x23 h4 y130 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+ débil </div></div><div class="c x4c y12f w28 h34"><div class="t m0 x36 h4 y130 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x4b y12f w26 h34"><div class="t m0 x25 h4 y130 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Anciano o inmunosuprimido </div><div class="t m0 x48 h4 y131 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(títulos bajos) </div></div><div class="c x48 y132 w24 h35"><div class="t m0 x4d h6 y133 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">0 </div></div><div class="c x4a y132 w27 h35"><div class="t m0 x1e h4 y133 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x4c y132 w28 h35"><div class="t m0 x36 h4 y133 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x4b y132 w26 h35"><div class="t m0 x2e h4 y133 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Neonato sin anticuerpos </div></div><div class="c x48 y134 w24 h36"><div class="t m0 x4d h6 y135 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">0 </div></div><div class="c x4a y134 w27 h36"><div class="t m0 x1e h4 y135 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x4c y134 w28 h36"><div class="t m0 x36 h4 y135 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x4b y134 w26 h36"><div class="t m0 x31 h4 y135 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Hipogammaglobulinemia </div></div><div class="c x48 y136 w24 h37"><div class="t m0 x4d h6 y1a ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">0 </div></div><div class="c x4a y136 w27 h37"><div class="t m0 x1e h4 y1a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x4c y136 w28 h37"><div class="t m0 x36 h4 y1a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x4b y136 w26 h37"><div class="t m0 x1f h4 y1a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Fenómeno prozona por </div><div class="t m0 x42 h4 y103 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">títulos muy altos </div></div><div class="c x48 y137 w24 h38"><div class="t m0 x1e h6 y138 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A </div></div><div class="c x4a y137 w27 h38"><div class="t m0 x36 h4 y138 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+ </div></div><div class="c x4c y137 w28 h38"><div class="t m0 x36 h4 y138 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+ </div></div><div class="c x4b y137 w26 h38"><div class="t m0 x23 h4 y138 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Panaglutinina fría </div></div><div class="c x48 y139 w24 h39"><div class="t m0 x1e h6 y13a ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A </div></div><div class="c x4a y139 w27 h39"><div class="t m0 x36 h4 y13a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+ </div></div><div class="c x4c y139 w28 h39"><div class="t m0 x36 h4 y13a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+ </div></div><div class="c x4b y139 w26 h39"><div class="t m0 x1b h4 y13a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Rouleaux </div></div><div class="c x48 y13b w24 h37"><div class="t m0 x4d h6 y1a ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">0 </div></div><div class="c x4a y13b w27 h37"><div class="t m0 x1e h4 y1a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x4c y13b w28 h37"><div class="t m0 x36 h4 y1a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div></div><div class="c x4b y13b w26 h37"><div class="t m0 x26 h4 y1a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Fallo del reactivo o células </div><div class="t m0 x1c h4 y103 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">testigo </div></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y13c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y13d ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Las discrepancias ABO se pueden clasificar de acuerdo a si son mediados por </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y13e ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GR o por suero. </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y13f ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf9" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="9"><div class="pc pc9 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/0e89c115-83e4-4bb4-9c91-820e8a915f34/bg9.png"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">9 </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="c x42 y140 w29 h3a"><div class="t m0 x4e h17 y141 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">DISCREPANCI<span class="blank _1"> </span>A<span class="blank _0"></span>S M<span class="blank _1"> </span>EDIADAS POR GR </div></div><div class="c x42 y142 w2a h3b"><div class="t m0 x19 h17 y143 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">SUBGRUPOS DE <span class="blank _1"> </span>A<span class="blank _0"></span> o B<span class="blank _1"> </span> </div></div><div class="c x4a y142 w2b h3b"><div class="t m0 x25 h4 y144 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Estos subgrupos poseen menos Ags en la superficie de los <span class="blank _1"> </span>GR,<span class="blank _0"></span>dando </div><div class="t m0 x15 h4 y145 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">reacciones débiles o ausentes con reactivos anti-A y anti-B </div></div><div class="c x42 y146 w2a h37"><div class="t m0 x3f h17 y147 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">CAMPO MIXT<span class="blank _1"> </span>O </div></div><div class="c x4a y146 w2b h3c"><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y148 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Muestran 2 poblaciones diferentes de GR. </div></div><div class="c x4a y149 w2c ha"><div class="t m0 x4f h4 y14a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="c x42 y14b w2a h3d"><div class="t m0 x32 h17 y14c ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">POLIAGLUTIN<span class="blank _1"> </span>A<span class="blank _2"></span>CIÓ<span class="blank _1"> </span>N </div></div><div class="c x4a y14b w2b h3e"><div class="t m0 x0 h4 y14d ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GR que reaccionan con casi todos los sueros de donantes en las </div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y148 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">pruebas ABO, pero no reaccionan con el suero autólogo. </div></div><div class="c x4a y14e w2c h3f"><div class="t m0 x4f h4 y14a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="c x42 y14f w2a h40"><div class="t m0 x41 h17 y150 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">SUST EN EL </div><div class="t m0 x30 h17 y151 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">SUERO/PL<span class="blank _1"> </span>A<span class="blank _2"></span>SM<span class="blank _1"> </span>A </div></div><div class="c x4a y14f w2b h41"><div class="t m0 x34 h4 y152 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Pueden inhibir la reacción esperada en la prueba directa como </div><div class="t m0 x26 h4 y153 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">secreción excesiva de Ags AB,gelatina de <span class="blank _0"></span>W<span class="blank _1"> </span>arthon,colorantes de l<span class="blank _0"></span>os </div><div class="t m0 x50 h4 y100 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">reactivos anti-B </div></div><div class="c x4a y14f w2c h41"><div class="t m0 x4f h4 y103 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="c x42 y154 w2a h3d"><div class="t m0 x2d h17 y155 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">PCD POSITIV<span class="blank _1"> </span>A </div></div><div class="c x4a y154 w2b h42"><div class="t m0 x19 h4 y156 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GR sensibilizados con AutoAcs que producen aglutinación en la p<span class="blank _1"> </span>ru<span class="blank _0"></span>eba </div><div class="t m0 x3 h4 y1a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">directa, clasificándose como AB </div></div><div class="c x4a y154 w2c h3f"><div class="t m0 x4f h4 y103 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="c x42 y157 w2a ha"><div class="t m0 x41 h17 y147 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">REACTIVOS </div></div><div class="c x4a y157 w2b h9"><div class="t m0 x0 h4 y148 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Pueden contener un ac que detecta Ags de baja incidencia (raro) </div></div><div class="c x4a y157 w2c ha"><div class="t m0 x4f h4 y1c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y158 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y159 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="c xd y15a w2d h43"><div class="t m0 x50 h17 y15b ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">DISCREPANCI<span class="blank _1"> </span>A<span class="blank _0"></span>S M<span class="blank _1"> </span>EDIADAS POR SUERO<span class="blank _1"> </span> </div></div><div class="c xd y15c w2e h44"><div class="t m0 x31 h17 y15d ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ALOANTICUERPOS<span class="blank _1"> </span> </div></div><div class="c x27 y15c w2f h45"><div class="t m0 x30 h4 y100 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">De tipo IgM (Lea, P, M, N) en directa puede ser A y<span class="blank _0"></span> en inversa 0.<span class="blank _1"> </span> </div></div><div class="c x27 y15e w30 h46"><div class="t m0 x51 h4 y15f ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="c xd y160 w2e h47"><div class="t m0 x26 h17 y161 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">AUTOANTICUERPO<span class="blank _1"> </span>S </div></div><div class="c x27 y160 w2f h47"><div class="t m0 x3f h4 y162 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Anti-I o anti-H (potentes) el suero debe ser autoadsorbido para </div><div class="t m0 xd h4 y163 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">removerlos y repetir la prueba inversa c/suero adsorbido </div></div><div class="c xd y164 w2e h3d"><div class="t m0 x52 h17 y14c ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ROULE<span class="blank _1"> </span>A<span class="blank _2"></span>U<span class="blank _1"> </span>X </div></div><div class="c x27 y164 w2f h42"><div class="t m0 x2e h4 y14d ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Globulinas anormales inducen esto en los GR<span class="blank _0"></span>, dan apariencia de </div><div class="t m0 x53 h4 y148 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">aglutinación. </div></div><div class="c x27 y165 w30 h3f"><div class="t m0 x51 h4 y14a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="c xd y166 w2e h48"><div class="t m0 x2e h17 y167 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">TR<span class="blank _1"> </span>A<span class="blank _2"></span>NSFU<span class="blank _1"> </span>SIÓN DE </div><div class="t m0 x0 h17 y168 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">COMPONENT<span class="blank _1"> </span>ES<span class="blank _0"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x19 h17 y169 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">PLASM<span class="blank _1"> </span>Á<span class="blank _2"></span>TICO<span class="blank _1"> </span>S ABO NO </div><div class="t m0 x42 h17 y128 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">IDÉTICOS </div></div><div class="c x27 y166 w2f h49"><div class="t m0 x27 h4 y16a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">PQ, PF. </div></div><div class="c x27 y16b w30 h4a"><div class="t m0 x51 h4 y16c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="c xd y16d w2e h37"><div class="t m0 x48 h17 y147 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">EDAD </div></div><div class="c x27 y16d w2f h9"><div class="t m0 x2e h4 y148 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">RN no expresan acs ABO, Edad avanzada acs ABO disminuyen. </div></div><div class="c x27 y16e w30 ha"><div class="t m0 x51 h4 y14a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="c xd y16f w2e h2c"><div class="t m0 x34 h17 y15d ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ENFERMED<span class="blank _1"> </span>A<span class="blank _0"></span>D </div></div><div class="c x27 y16f w2f h4b"><div class="t m0 x48 h4 y1a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Px c/ hipogammaglobulinemia o agammaglobulinemia </div></div><div class="c x27 y16f w30 h4b"><div class="t m0 x51 h4 y103 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="c xd y170 w2e h37"><div class="t m0 x40 h17 y171 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">REACTIVOS </div></div><div class="c x27 y170 w2f h3c"><div class="t m0 x54 h4 y1a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Deterioro de los GR usados en pruebas inversas. </div></div><div class="c x27 y170 w30 ha"><div class="t m0 x51 h4 y103 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y172 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x16 h6 y173 ff4 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws1">\uf0b7<span class="ff2 ls1 ws0"> <span class="ff3 ls0">RESOLUCIÓN DE DISCREPANCIAS DEBIDA<span class="blank _0"></span>S <span class="blank _1"> </span>A<span class="blank _2"></span> L<span class="blank _1"> </span>A<span class="blank _0"></span> <span class="blank _1"> </span>A<span class="blank _2"></span>USENCI<span class="blank _1"> </span>A DE </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h6 y174 ff3 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">A<span class="blank _0"></span>GS E<span class="blank _1"> </span>SPERA<span class="blank _0"></span>DOS </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y175 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">La causa de una discrepancia puede ser inferi<span class="blank _0"></span>da a veces de la fuerza de las </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y176 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">reacciones obtenidas en las pruebas de agrupación con GR o suero. </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y177 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Se pueden usar los siguientes procedimiento<span class="blank _0"></span>s para intensificar la detección </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y178 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">de Ags débilmente expresados. </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y179 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pfa" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="a"><div class="pc pca w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/0e89c115-83e4-4bb4-9c91-820e8a915f34/bga.png"><div class="t m0 x38 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls10 ws10">10<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y17a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">1.<span class="lse ws0"> <span class="fc1 ls0">TEMPERATURA: </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y17b ff2 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws2">Incubar<span class="fc0 ws0"> GR lavados con anti-A y anti-AB, durante 30 minutos a </span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y17c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">temperatura ambiente <span class="fc2 ws2">(TA°)</span> para incrementar asociación de Acs con </div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y17d ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">escasa cantidad de Ags. Incubar a <span class="fc2">4°c </span>puede intensificar aún más la </div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y17e ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">fijación del Ac, pero deben ser controladas con GR de grupo 0 y </div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y17f ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">autólogos para asegurar que las reacciones <span class="blank _0"></span>son debidas a anti<span class="blank _1"> </span>-A y anti-</div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y180 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">B y no a otras aglutininas frías. </div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y181 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y182 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">2.<span class="lse ws0"> <span class="fc1 ls0">ENZIMAS: </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y183 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Tratar los GR del paciente con una enzima proteolítica, como <span class="fc2">Ficina<span class="blank _1"> </span>, </span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y184 ff2 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">papaína o Bromelina.<span class="fc0"> El tratamiento enzimático incrementa la reacción </span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y185 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws4">Ag<span class="ls0 ws0">-Ac con anti-A o anti-B. paralelamente se deben incluir GR del grupo </span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y186 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">0 tratados con enzimas como control de la especi<span class="blank _0"></span>ficidad de la rea<span class="blank _1"> </span>c<span class="blank _0"></span>ción </div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y187 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ABO. </div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y188 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y189 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">3.<span class="lse ws0"> <span class="fc1 ls0 ws2">ELUCIÓN/ADSORCIÓN:</span><span class="ls0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y18a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Se realiza con anti-A o anti-B humanos para adsorber el Ac a los </div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y18b ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">correspondientes Ags eritrocitarios. No se debe usar anti-A1 o reactivos </div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y18c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">monoclonales y debe hacerse en paralelo con GR de grupo 0 para </div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y18d ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">control. </div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y18e ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y18f ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws3">4.<span class="lse ws0"> <span class="fc1 ls0">PRUEBA DE SALIVA (<span class="blank _0"></span>inhibición de la aglutinación):<span class="blank _1"> </span> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y190 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws0"> <span class="ls0">Se busca en saliva la presencia de sustancia <span class="fc2">H, A o B. </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y191 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y192 ff2 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">PROTOCOLO: </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y193 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1. Hacer la misma prueba: aumentando dosis de Ac, disminuyendo<span class="blank _0"></span> T° a 4°c.<span class="blank _1"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y194 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2. Uso de enzimas (trabajan sobre la membrana del GR). </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y195 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">En directa se enzimatiza a los GR del Px. </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y196 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">En inversa se enzimatiza a los GR comerciales A, B, 0. </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y197 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3. Elución-Adsorción. </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y198 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4. Prueba de saliva. </div><div class="t m0 x16 h6 y199 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">PENSARLO COMO UNA PRUEBA INVERSA<span class="ff2"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y19a ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ej. Anti-A + saliva + GR.A <span class="ff5 lsf">\uf0e0</span><span class="ls2"> </span><span class="fc2 ws2">POSITIVO</span> (si aglutina, <span class="fc2 lsb ws8">NO</span> es el grupo) </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y19b ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff5 ws1">\uf0e0</span><span class="ls2"> </span><span class="fc2 ws2">NEGATIVO</span> (si <span class="fc2 lsb ws8">NO</span> aglutina, es el grupo) </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y19c ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y19d ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Los Acs de anti-A al aglutinarse con la saliva, significa que tiene los Ags </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y19e ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">para dichos Acs por eso queda todo concentr<span class="blank _0"></span>ado ahí y al agregar los GR A </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 ye ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">no permite la aglutinación porque no quedan Acs libres. </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y19f ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y1a0 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Si los Acs aglutinaran con los GR A significa que en saliv<span class="blank _0"></span>a no están </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y1a1 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">presentes los Ags A. </div><div class="t m0 x16 h4 y1a2 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div>
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